Python学习--和 Oracle 交互

Posted 2020-10-30 一点点积累

python 连接oracle 数据库

1、安装 cx_oracle

pip install cx_oracle

 

2、出现

  cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "dlopen(libclntsh.dylib, 1): image not found". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#macos for help

错误时解决办法：

去oracle官网下载mac版的64bit的client basic 和client sdk

 

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/intel-macsoft-096467.html

编译安装：

 

sudo su #切换到root用户

 

mkdir /Users/guanguan/oracle #创建oracle文件

 

mv /Users/guanguan/Downloads/instantclient-* /Users/guanguan/oracle #将下载的两个Oracle包放到/Users/guanguan/oracle目录下

 

cd /Users/guanguan/oracle 进入oracle文件中

 

unzip instantclient-basic-macos.64-12.1.0.4.0.zip #解压

 

unzip instantclient-sdk-macos.64-12.1.0.4.0.zip #解压

 

cd instantclient_12_1/sdk

 

unzip ottclasses.zip

 

cd ..

 

cp -R ./sdk/* .

 

cp -R ./sdk/include .

 

ln -s libocci.dylib.12.1 libocci.dylib

 

ln -s libclntsh.dylib.12.1 libclntsh.dylib

 

更改环境变量：

 

vi ~/.bash_profile

 

export ORACLE_HOME=/Users/guanguan/oracle/instantclient_12_1

 

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME

 

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME

 

然后输入source ~/.bash_profile 或者 . ~/.bash_profile使环境变量生效

 

5）测试环境变量是否生效

 

echo $ORACLE_HOME

 

/Users/guanguan/oracle/instantclient_12_1

 

6）然后解压安装cx_Oracle：

 

tar -zxvf cx_Oracle-5.2.1.tar.gz

 

cd cx_Oracle-5.2.1

 

python setup.py build

 

python setup.py install

 

7）测试cx_Oracle安装是否成功

 

python

 

import cx_Oracle

 

#运行结果结果：

 

? ~ python Python 2.7.10 (default, Oct 23 2015, 19:19:21) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 7.0.0 (clang-700.0.59.5)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import cx_Oracle >>>

 

或者 python -c "import cx_Oracle"

 

? ~ python -c "import cx_Oracle" ? ~

 

此时说明已经安装成功啦~

 

报错信息：

 

sh-3.2# python -c "import cx_Oracle" /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-5.2.1-py2.7-macosx-10.11-intel.egg/cx_Oracle.py:3: UserWarning: Module cx_Oracle was already imported from /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-5.2.1-py2.7-macosx-10.11-intel.egg/cx_Oracle.pyc, but /Users/guanguan/oracle/cx_Oracle-5.2.1 is being added to sys.path Traceback (most recent call last):File "", line 1, in File "build/bdist.macosx-10.11-intel/egg/cx_Oracle.py", line 7, in File "build/bdist.macosx-10.11-intel/egg/cx_Oracle.py", line 6, in __bootstrap__ ImportError: dlopen(/var/root/.python-eggs/cx_Oracle-5.2.1-py2.7-macosx-10.11-intel.egg-tmp/cx_Oracle.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libclntsh.dylib.12.1Referenced from: /var/root/.python-eggs/cx_Oracle-5.2.1-py2.7-macosx-10.11-intel.egg-tmp/cx_Oracle.soReason: image not found

解决方法：(删除之前安装的cx_Oracle，设置export FORCE_RPATH=TRUE，重新安装cx_Oracle)

 

sh-3.2# export FORCE_RPATH=TRUE sh-3.2# pip install cx_Oracle Requirement already satisfied: cx_Oracle in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-5.2.1-py2.7-macosx-10.11-intel.egg sh-3.2# cd /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/ sh-3.2# rm -f cx_Oracle-5.2.1-py2.7-macosx-10.11-intel.egg sh-3.2# pip install cx_Oracle Collecting cx_OracleUsing cached cx_Oracle-5.2.1.tar.gz Installing collected packages: cx-OracleRunning setup.py install for cx-Oracle ... done Successfully installed cx-Oracle-5.2.1

 

sh-3.2# python Python 2.7.10 (default, Oct 23 2015, 19:19:21) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 7.0.0 (clang-700.0.59.5)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import cx_Oracle >>> exit()

==========================================

 

python对cx_Oracle的简单操作：

#! /usr/bin/python
import cx_Oracle
dsnStr = cx_Oracle.makedsn("127.0.0.1", "1521", "orcl")
conn = cx_Oracle.connect(user="test", password="test", dsn=dsnStr)
c=conn.cursor()
x=c.execute(‘select *from TEST.TEST p WHERE ID<2‘)
print (x.fetchone())
c.close()
conn.close()