python 与小米网关通讯的三块内容：
以下内容的理解需要配合《绿米网关局域网通讯协议》使用
1、监听网关发出的组播信息：（有网关及连接设备的生命信号，事件信息）
2、读取需要获得的信息
3、控制连接设备（涉及了token加密部分）
1、upd广播监听小米网关的组播信息
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 4 import socket 5 6 def get_gateway_heart(): 7 SENDERIP = "0.0.0.0" 8 MYPORT = 9898 9 MYGROUP = ‘224.0.0.50‘ 10 11 sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP) 12 #allow multiple sockets to use the same PORT number 13 sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1) 14 #Bind to the port that we know will receive multicast data 15 sock.bind((SENDERIP,MYPORT)) 16 #tell the kernel that we are a multicast socket 17 #sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 255) 18 #Tell the kernel that we want to add ourselves to a multicast group 19 #The address for the multicast group is the third param 20 status = sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, 21 socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, 22 socket.inet_aton(MYGROUP) + socket.inet_aton(SENDERIP)); 23 24 #sock.setblocking(0) 25 #ts = time.time() 26 data, addr = sock.recvfrom(1024) 27 data_str=str(data,encoding=‘utf-8‘) 28 # sock.close() 29 return data_str 30 31 32 if __name__==‘__main__‘: 33 while True: 34 tmp=get_gateway_heart() 35 print(tmp)
2、小米网关的初始密码向量 转换为字符串 的计算方法
1 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex 2 import sys 3 4 s=‘17996d093d28ddb3ba695a2e6f58562e‘ #初始向量 5 m=a2b_hex(s) 6 print(m) 7 8 #转换后的初始向量 9 #b‘\x17\x99m\t=(\xdd\xb3\xbaiZ.oXV.‘
3、加密token的方法
1 from Crypto.Cipher import AES 2 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex 3 4 class prpcrypt(): 5 def __init__(self, key=‘cy5zmrpqws05vsqj‘): 6 self.key = key # 7 self.mode = AES.MODE_CBC 8 9 # 加密函数，如果text不足16位就用空格补足为16位， 10 # 如果大于16当时不是16的倍数，那就补足为16的倍数。 11 def encrypt(self, text): #text是要加密的内容 12 cryptor = AES.new(self.key, self.mode,b‘\x17\x99m\t=(\xdd\xb3\xbaiZ.oXV.‘) 13 # 这里密钥key 长度必须为16（AES-128）, 14 # 24（AES-192）,或者32 （AES-256）Bytes 长度 15 # 目前AES-128 足够目前使用 16 length = 16 17 count = len(text) 18 if count < length: 19 add = (length - count) 20 # \0 backspace 21 text = text + (‘\0‘ * add) 22 elif count > length: 23 add = (length - (count % length)) 24 text = text + (‘\0‘ * add) 25 self.ciphertext = cryptor.encrypt(text) 26 # 因为AES加密时候得到的字符串不一定是ascii字符集的，输出到终端或者保存时候可能存在问题 27 # 所以这里统一把加密后的字符串转化为16进制字符串 28 return str(b2a_hex(self.ciphertext),encoding=‘utf-8‘) 29 #return self.ciphertext 30 31 # 解密后，去掉补足的空格用strip() 去掉 b‘0000000000000000‘ 32 def decrypt(self, text): 33 cryptor = AES.new(self.key, self.mode, b‘\x17\x99m\t=(\xdd\xb3\xbaiZ.oXV.‘) 34 plain_text = cryptor.decrypt(a2b_hex(text)) 35 return plain_text.rstrip(‘\0‘) 36 37 38 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: 39 pc = prpcrypt(‘0987654321qwerty‘) # 初始化密钥 40 e = pc.encrypt(‘1234567890abcdef‘) # 加密 41 # d = pc.decrypt(e) # 解密 42 print("加密:", e) 43 #print("解密:", d)
4、获取token，并对获取的token进行加密
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import socket import json from xm_gw.encrypty import prpcrypt def get_token(): #通过get_id_list 获得token ip_port_single = ("192.168.31.150", 9898) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0) comd = {‘cmd‘: ‘get_id_list‘} order = json.dumps(comd) s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), ip_port_single) data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024) data_str=str(data,encoding=‘utf-8‘) token=json.loads(data_str).get(‘token‘) s.close() return token def get_token_encrypty(): tok = get_token() # 拿到当前token,要进行加密的内容 k = prpcrypt() key_encrypt = k.encrypt(tok) return key_encrypt if __name__==‘__main__‘: tok=get_token() tok_encry=get_token_encrypty() print(tok) print(tok_encry)
5、建立网关通讯并执行控制命令
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 import socket 4 import json 5 from xm_gw import udp_token_key 6 7 8 class udp_gw(): 9 def __init__(self, ip_gateway=‘192.168.8.100‘): 10 self.ip_port_zu43 = (‘224.0.0.50‘, 4321) 11 self.ip_port_single = (ip_gateway, 9898) 12 self.ip_port_zu9898=(‘224.0.0.50‘, 9898) 13 14 def whois(self): 15 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0) 16 comd = {‘cmd‘: ‘whois‘} 17 order = json.dumps(comd) 18 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_zu43) 19 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024) 20 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding=‘utf-8‘)) 21 s.close() 22 return data_dic 23 24 def get_id_list(self): 25 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0) 26 comd = {‘cmd‘: ‘get_id_list‘} 27 order = json.dumps(comd) 28 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single) 29 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024) 30 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding=‘utf-8‘)) 31 s.close() 32 return data_dic 33 34 def read_sid(self, sid): 35 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0) 36 comd = {‘cmd‘: ‘read‘, ‘sid‘: sid} 37 order = json.dumps(comd) 38 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single) 39 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024) 40 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding=‘utf-8‘)) 41 s.close() 42 return data_dic 43 44 def write_plug(self, status): 45 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0) 46 key_encrypt = udp_token_key.get_token_encrypty() 47 comd = {"cmd": "write", "model": "plug", "sid": "158d0001b84d9a", "short_id": 46384, 48 "data": {"status": status, ‘key‘: key_encrypt}} 49 order = json.dumps(comd) 50 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single) 51 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024) 52 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding=‘utf-8‘)) 53 s.close() 54 return data_dic 55 56 def read_all_sid(self): 57 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0) 58 ls = json.loads(self.get_id_list().get(‘data‘)) 59 ls_sensor_state = [] 60 for sid in ls: 61 comd = {‘cmd‘: ‘read‘, ‘sid‘: sid} 62 order = json.dumps(comd) 63 s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single) 64 data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024) 65 data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding=‘utf-8‘)) 66 # print(data_dic) 67 ls_sensor_state.append(data_dic) 68 s.close() 69 return ls_sensor_state 70 71 def get_dict_model_sid(self): 72 dic_gw=self.whois() 73 ls=self.read_all_sid() 74 dic_model_sid = {} 75 for dic in ls: 76 model = dic.get(‘model‘) 77 sid = dic.get(‘sid‘) 78 dic_model_sid[model] = sid 79 dic_model_sid[‘gateway‘] = dic_gw.get(‘sid‘) 80 return dic_model_sid 81 82 83 if __name__==‘__main__‘: 84 import time 85 #{‘plug‘: ‘158d0001b84d9a‘, ‘switch‘: ‘158d0001c10bd7‘, ‘sensor_ht‘: ‘158d0001e87bd9‘, 86 # ‘magnet‘: ‘158d0001bb3daf‘, ‘motion‘: ‘158d0001c2f110‘, ‘gateway‘: ‘7811dcb38599‘} 87 gw=udp_gw(‘192.168.31.150‘) 88 tmp = gw.read_sid(‘158d0001b84d9a‘) 89 # print(tmp1) 90 # time.sleep(5) 91 # gw.write_plug(‘off‘) 92 # time.sleep(5) 93 # tmp=gw.read_sid(‘158d0001b84d9a‘) 94 95 print(tmp)