归并排序执行过程:
1、执行归并排序函数时,把全部的数字一分为二,继续递归调用函数自身,左一半右一半的划分开,直到每一份里只有一个元素为止,停止划分。
2、把划分开的元素按照大小顺序排列,先 1 1,合并为个数为 2 的数组,再把 2 2 按顺序大小要求合并成个数为 4 的数组,依次进行把所有元素按大小排序
两两合并时两序列均已是有序序列
如:
4 1 3 10 7 3 5 0
4 1 3 10 7 3 5 0
4 1 3 10 7 3 5 0
4 1 3 10 7 3 5 0 //每一组个数为 1 结束
合并: 1 4 3 10 3 7 0 5
1 3 4 10 0 3 5 7
最后结果: 0 1 3 3 4 5 7 10
目标序列: l = [1000, 5, 6, 7, 3, 30, 25, 12, 9, 13, 10, 8]
def mergesort(left, mid, right): l_1, l_2 = l[left:mid], l[mid:right] print("归并前:", l_1, l_2) len1 = len(l_1) len2 = len(l_2) a, b, l3 = 0, 0, [] while a < len1 and b < len2: if l_1[a] <= l_2[b]: l3.append(l_1[a]) a += 1 else: l3.append(l_2[b]) b += 1 while a < len1: l3.append(l_1[a]) a += 1 while b < len2: l3.append(l_2[b]) b += 1 l[left:right] = l3[:] print("后:", l) def sor(left, right): if left < right: mid = int((left + right) / 2) sor(left, mid) sor(mid+1, right) mergesort(left, mid+1, right+1) sor(0, 11) print("\n完毕:", l)
执行过程
归并前: [1000] [5] 后: [5, 1000, 6, 7, 3, 30, 25, 12, 9, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [5, 1000] [6] 后: [5, 6, 1000, 7, 3, 30, 25, 12, 9, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [7] [3] 后: [5, 6, 1000, 3, 7, 30, 25, 12, 9, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [3, 7] [30] 后: [5, 6, 1000, 3, 7, 30, 25, 12, 9, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [5, 6, 1000] [3, 7, 30] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000, 25, 12, 9, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [25] [12] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000, 12, 25, 9, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [12, 25] [9] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000, 9, 12, 25, 13, 10, 8] 归并前: [13] [10] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000, 9, 12, 25, 10, 13, 8] 归并前: [10, 13] [8] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000, 9, 12, 25, 8, 10, 13] 归并前: [9, 12, 25] [8, 10, 13] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 25] 归并前: [3, 5, 6, 7, 30, 1000] [8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 25] 后: [3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 25, 30, 1000] 完毕: [3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 25, 30, 1000] Process finished with exit code 0