Python 连接 Oracle数据库

Posted 2020-10-28

1.环境设置

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 

CentOS release 6.9 (Final)

[[email protected] ~]# python -V

Python 2.6.6

版本：Oracle 12c

2.前提：安装cx_Oracle模块依赖包

由于使用Python连接Oracle，所以需要下载oracle客户端包

官网：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html?ssSourceSiteId=otncn

oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

oracle-instantclient12.1-devel-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

oracle-instantclient12.1-sqlplus-12.1.0.2.0-1.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] ~]# rpm - ivh oracle-instantclient12.1-*

3.设置环境变量

[[email protected] ~]# cat ~/.bash_profile 

export /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib

4.安装cx_Oracle模块

官网：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/cx_Oracle

cx_Oracle-6.2.1.tar.gz 

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf cx_Oracle-6.2.1.tar.gz 
[[email protected] cx_Oracle-6.2.1]# python setup.py install

可能会遇到报错

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

解决方法：

yum install python-devel

yum install libevent-devel

5.查看是否可以导入cx_Oracle模块

[[email protected] ~]# python

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Aug 18 2016, 15:13:37) 

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import cx_Oracle

>>>  #无报错说明成功

6.编写Python连接oracle数据库脚本(oracle用户，因为我这里都是用oracle用户权限安装的）

[[email protected] ~]$ cat py_oracle.py 

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import cx_Oracle  #导入模块
db=cx_Oracle.connect('system/[email protected]:1521/ORCL')  #连接user/[email protected]:端口/instance
cursor = db.cursor() #创建游标对象
cursor.execute('select sysdate from dual')  #执行命令
data = cursor.fetchone() #返回值
print('Database time:%s' % data)  打印输出
cursor.close()  #关闭游标对象
db.close()  #关闭数据库

7.执行脚本

[[email protected] ~]$ python py_oracle.py 

Database time:2018-03-20 20:47:59