python selenium 基础框架

Posted 2020-10-27 yye_2010

 

base_page.py

  1 # coding=utf-8
  2 import time
  3 from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
  4 import os.path
  5 from unittest3.framework.logger import Logger
  6 
  7 # create a logger instance
  8 logger = Logger(logger="BasePage").getlog()
  9 
 10 
 11 class BasePage(object):
 12     """
 13     定义一个页面基类，让所有页面都继承这个类，封装一些常用的页面操作方法到这个类
 14     """
 15 
 16     def __init__(self, driver):
 17         self.driver = driver
 18 
 19         # quit browser and end testing
 20 
 21     def quit_browser(self):
 22         self.driver.quit()
 23 
 24         # 浏览器前进操作
 25 
 26     def forward(self):
 27         self.driver.forward()
 28         logger.info("Click forward on current page.")
 29 
 30         # 浏览器后退操作
 31 
 32     def back(self):
 33         self.driver.back()
 34         logger.info("Click back on current page.")
 35 
 36         # 隐式等待
 37 
 38     def wait(self, seconds):
 39         self.driver.implicitly_wait(seconds)
 40         logger.info("wait for %d seconds." % seconds)
 41 
 42         # 点击关闭当前窗口
 43 
 44     def close(self):
 45         try:
 46             self.driver.close()
 47             logger.info("Closing and quit the browser.")
 48         except NameError as e:
 49             logger.error("Failed to quit the browser with %s" % e)
 50 
 51             # 保存图片
 52 
 53     def get_windows_img(self):
 54         """
 55         在这里我们把file_path这个参数写死，直接保存到我们项目根目录的一个文件夹.\\Screenshots下
 56         """
 57         file_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(\'.\')) + \'/screenshots/\'
 58         rq = time.strftime(\'%Y%m%d%H%M\', time.localtime(time.time()))
 59         screen_name = file_path + rq + \'.png\'
 60         try:
 61             self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screen_name)
 62             logger.info("Had take screenshot and save to folder : /screenshots")
 63         except NameError as e:
 64             logger.error("Failed to take screenshot! %s" % e)
 65             self.get_windows_img()
 66 
 67             # 定位元素方法
 68 
 69     def find_element(self, selector):
 70         """
 71          这个地方为什么是根据=>来切割字符串，请看页面里定位元素的方法
 72          submit_btn = "id=>su"
 73          login_lnk = "xpath => //*[@id=\'u1\']/a[7]"  # 百度首页登录链接定位
 74          如果采用等号，结果很多xpath表达式中包含一个=，这样会造成切割不准确，影响元素定位
 75         :param selector:
 76         :return: element
 77         """
 78         element = \'\'
 79         if \'=>\' not in selector:
 80             return self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector)
 81         selector_by = selector.split(\'=>\')[0]
 82         selector_value = selector.split(\'=>\')[1]
 83 
 84         if selector_by == "i" or selector_by == \'id\':
 85             try:
 86                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector_value)
 87                 logger.info("Had find the element \\\' %s \\\' successful "
 88                             "by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
 89             except NoSuchElementException as e:
 90                 logger.error("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
 91                 self.get_windows_img()  # take screenshot
 92         elif selector_by == "n" or selector_by == \'name\':
 93             element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(selector_value)
 94         elif selector_by == "c" or selector_by == \'class_name\':
 95             element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(selector_value)
 96         elif selector_by == "l" or selector_by == \'link_text\':
 97             element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(selector_value)
 98         elif selector_by == "p" or selector_by == \'partial_link_text\':
 99             element = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(selector_value)
100         elif selector_by == "t" or selector_by == \'tag_name\':
101             element = self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name(selector_value)
102         elif selector_by == "x" or selector_by == \'xpath\':
103             try:
104                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(selector_value)
105                 logger.info("Had find the element \\\' %s \\\' successful "
106                             "by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
107             except NoSuchElementException as e:
108                 logger.error("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
109                 self.get_windows_img()
110         elif selector_by == "s" or selector_by == \'selector_selector\':
111             element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(selector_value)
112         else:
113             raise NameError("Please enter a valid type of targeting elements.")
114 
115         return element
116 
117         # 输入
118 
119     def type(self, selector, text):
120 
121         el = self.find_element(selector)
122         el.clear()
123         try:
124             el.send_keys(text)
125             logger.info("Had type \\\' %s \\\' in inputBox" % text)
126         except NameError as e:
127             logger.error("Failed to type in input box with %s" % e)
128             self.get_windows_img()
129 
130             # 清除文本框
131 
132     def clear(self, selector):
133 
134         el = self.find_element(selector)
135         try:
136             el.clear()
137             logger.info("Clear text in input box before typing.")
138         except NameError as e:
139             logger.error("Failed to clear in input box with %s" % e)
140             self.get_windows_img()
141 
142             # 点击元素
143 
144     def click(self, selector):
145 
146         el = self.find_element(selector)
147         try:
148             el.click()
149             logger.info("The element \\\' %s \\\' was clicked." % el.text)
150         except NameError as e:
151             logger.error("Failed to click the element with %s" % e)
152 
153             # 或者网页标题
154 
155     def get_page_title(self):
156         logger.info("Current page title is %s" % self.driver.title)
157         return self.driver.title
158 
159     @staticmethod
160     def sleep(seconds):
161         time.sleep(seconds)
162         logger.info("Sleep for %d seconds" % seconds)  

browser_engine.py

 1 # coding=utf-8
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 
 4 
 5 class BrowserEngine(object):
 6     """
 7     定义一个浏览器引擎类，根据browser_type的值去，控制启动不同的浏览器，这里主要是IE，Firefox, Chrome
 8 
 9     """
10 
11     def __init__(self, driver):
12         self.driver = driver
13 
14     browser_type = "Chrome"  # maybe Firefox, Chrome, IE
15 
16     def get_browser(self):
17         """
18         通过if语句，来控制初始化不同浏览器的启动，默认是启动Chrome
19         :return: driver
20         """
21 
22         if self.browser_type == \'Firefox\':
23             driver = webdriver.Firefox()
24         elif self.browser_type == \'Chrome\':
25             driver = webdriver.Chrome()
26         elif self.browser_type == \'IE\':
27             driver = webdriver.Ie()
28         else:
29             driver = webdriver.Chrome()
30 
31         # driver.maximize_window()
32         driver.implicitly_wait(10)
33         driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
34         return driver

logger.py

 1 # _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
 2 import logging
 3 import os.path
 4 import time
 5 
 6 
 7 class Logger(object):
 8     def __init__(self, logger):
 9         """
10         指定保存日志的文件路径，日志级别，以及调用文件
11             将日志存入到指定的文件中
12         :param logger:
13         """
14         # 创建一个logger
15         self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
16         self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
17 
18         # 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
19         rq = time.strftime(\'%Y%m%d%H%M\', time.localtime(time.time()))
20         log_path = os.path.dirname(os.getcwd()) + \'/Logs/\'
21         log_name = log_path + rq + \'.log\'
22         fh = logging.FileHandler(log_name)
23         fh.setLevel(logging.INFO)
24 
25         # 再创建一个handler，用于输出到控制台
26         ch = logging.StreamHandler()
27         ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)
28 
29         # 定义handler的输出格式
30         formatter = logging.Formatter(\'%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s\')
31         fh.setFormatter(formatter)
32         ch.setFormatter(formatter)
33 
34         # 给logger添加handler
35         self.logger.addHandler(fh)
36         self.logger.addHandler(ch)
37 
38     def getlog(self):
39         return self.logger

baidu_homepage.py

# coding=utf-8
from unittest3.framework.base_page import BasePage


class HomePage(BasePage):
    input_box = "id=>kw"
    search_submit_btn = "xpath=>//*[@id=\'su\']"

    def type_search(self, text):
        self.type(self.input_box, text)

    def send_submit_btn(self):
        self.click(self.search_submit_btn)

测试类代码 baidu_search.py

# coding=utf-8
import time
import unittest
from selenium import  webdriver
from unittest3.page_object.baidu_homepage import HomePage
from unittest3.framework.browser_engine import BrowserEngine

class BaiduSearch(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        """
        测试固件的setUp()的代码，主要是测试的前提准备工作
        :return:
        """
        # 添加如下代码，可运行
        # -------------------------------------------
        # browse = BrowserEngine(self)
        # self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
        # self.driver.get(\'https://www.baidu.com\')
        #-------------------------------------------
        # 修改代码可以执行
        browse = BrowserEngine(self)
        self.driver=browse.get_browser()


    def tearDown(self):
        """
        测试结束后的操作，这里基本上都是关闭浏览器
        :return:
        """
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_baidu_search(self):
        """
        这里一定要test开头，把测试逻辑代码封装到一个test开头的方法里。
        :return:
        """
        homepage = HomePage(self.driver)
        homepage.type_search(\'selenium\')  # 调用页面对象中的方法
        homepage.send_submit_btn()  # 调用页面对象类中的点击搜索按钮方法
        time.sleep(2)
        homepage.get_windows_img()  # 调用基类截图方法
        try:
            assert \'selenium\' in homepage.get_page_title()  # 调用页面对象继承基类中的获取页面标题方法
            print(\'Test Pass.\')
        except Exception as e:
            print(\'Test Fail.\', format(e))


if __name__ == \'__main__\':
    unittest.main()