Linux change archive mirror All In One

Posted 2023-04-10 xgqfrms

Linux change archive mirror All In One Linux / Debian / Ubuntu / Raspberry Pi OS 切换 Linux 镜像源 / 切换 Raspberry Pi 镜像源

Linux change archive mirror All In One

Linux / Debian / Ubuntu / Raspberry Pi OS

$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye InRelease
Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease [48.4 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease [44.1 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian bullseye InRelease [23.6 kB]
Get:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main armhf Packages [232 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates/main armhf Packages [12.0 kB]
Get:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates/main arm64 Packages [12.0 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian bullseye/main armhf Packages [316 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian bullseye/main arm64 Packages [308 kB]
Get:10 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main arm64 Packages [232 kB]
Get:11 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main Translation-en [155 kB]
Fetched 1383 kB in 19s (72.9 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done

install

# 安装 vim
$ sudo apt-get install vim

# 安装中文输入法 chinese input
$ sudo apt-get install scim-pinyin

# 重启系统
$ sudo reboot
# 或者
$ sudo shutdown -r now

test

# static ip
$ vim dhcpcd.conf

# disk free
$ df
$ df -h
$ df -Th

https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/configuration.html#configuring-networking-2

https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/configuration.html#static-ip-addresses

demos

切换 Linux 镜像源 / 切换 Raspberry Pi 镜像源

$ sudo apt-get update

获取:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian buster InRelease [32.6 kB]
获取:2 http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian buster InRelease [15.0 kB]             
正在读取软件包列表... 完成          
E: 仓库\'http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian buster InRelease\'将其\'Suite\'值从\'testing\'修改到了\'oldstable\'
N: 为了让这个仓库能够应用，这必须在更新之前显式接受。更多细节请参阅 apt-secure(8) 手册。
E: 仓库\'http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian buster InRelease\'将其\'Suite\'值从\'stable\'修改到了\'oldstable\'
N: 为了让这个仓库能够应用，这必须在更新之前显式接受。更多细节请参阅 apt-secure(8) 手册。

$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list 

$ sudo cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# new ✅
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ buster main contrib non-free rpi

# tsinghua 不好使 ❌
# deb http://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ stretch main ui
# deb-src http://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ stretch main ui

# old ❌
# deb http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/ buster main contrib non-free rpi

# Uncomment line below then \'apt-get update\' to enable \'apt-get source\'
#deb-src http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/ buster main contrib non-free rpi

$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list

$ sudo cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
# new ✅
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ buster main

# old ❌
#deb http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ buster main

# Uncomment line below then \'apt-get update\' to enable \'apt-get source\'
#deb-src http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ buster main

USTC Open Source Software Mirror

http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/

中国科学技术大学

https://ustc.edu.cn/

获取 IP 通过 SSH 访问 Raspberry Pi

# 获取 IP
$ ping raspberrypi

# SSH, host ✅
$ ssh [e-mail]

# SSH, ip ❓
$ ssh pi@192.168.18.135

➜  ~ ping raspberrypi
ping: cannot resolve raspberrypi: Unknown host
➜  ~ ping raspberrypi.local
PING raspberrypi.local (192.168.18.135): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.18.135: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=207.268 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.18.135: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=13.262 ms
^C
--- raspberrypi.local ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 13.262/110.265/207.268/97.003 ms
➜  ~ ssh pi@192.168.18.135
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@    WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!     @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
The fingerprint for the ED25519 key sent by the remote host is
SHA256:RDtJTesQX/nQU+4pRcsqtQFV5kXbdM05U5gppFpG2dU.
Please contact your system administrator.
Add correct host key in /Users/xgqfrms-mm/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
Offending ECDSA key in /Users/xgqfrms-mm/.ssh/known_hosts:4
Host key for 192.168.18.135 has changed and you have requested strict checking.
Host key verification failed.
➜  ~ ssh [e-mail]
[e-mail]\'s password: 
Permission denied, please try again.
[e-mail]\'s password: 
Permission denied, please try again.
[e-mail]\'s password: 
Linux raspberrypi 5.15.84-v8+ #1613 SMP PREEMPT Thu Jan 5 12:03:08 GMT 2023 aarch64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Mon Apr 10 01:38:46 2023

SSH is enabled and the default password for the \'pi\' user has not been changed.
This is a security risk - please login as the \'pi\' user and type \'passwd\' to set a new password.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 

(

FTP连接Linux时报cannot change directory错误的解决办法

原因：

Linux系统的SELinux安全策略默认没有开启访问FTP不同目录的支持

使用Linux命令：getsebool -a | grep ftp  查看状态

    如果看到 ftp_home_dir --> off   （表示SELinux没有开启访问不同目录的支持） 

解决办法两个（任选其一)：

1. 直接关闭SELinux安全策略

    打开文件:  /etc/selinux/config  修改 SELINUX = disabled  

    重启机器后生效，重启机器命令:reboot

2. 打开用户访问不同目录的支持

    执行Linux命令：setsebool -P ftp_home_dir 1

    重启vsftpd服务:service vsftpd restart

本文出自 “java学习笔记” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://282845781.blog.51cto.com/7152559/1786672

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