Linux下安装Mysql多实例作为数据备份服务器实现多主到一从多实例的备份

Posted 2023-04-06

参考技术A 1、从MYSQL官方下载MYSQL的源码版本【一定要是源码版本】
2、按以下代码键入LINUX命令行
复制代码
代码如下:
[注]
添加mysql组和用户
#groupadd
mysql
#useradd
-g
mysql
mysql
[注]
解包到/usr/local
#
tar
-xzf
mysql-standard-4.1.9-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
-C
/usr/local
[注]
建立软链接，方便操作（此处给此连接命名为mysql001，也可为其它的名字）
#cd
/usr/local
#ln
-s
mysql-standard-5.0.15-linux-i686-glibc23
mysql001
#cd
mysql001
#scripts/mysql_install_db
#chown
-R
root
.
#chown
-R
mysql
data
#chgrp
-R
mysql
.
[注]
复制data，以供单版本多实例分配
#cp
-a
data
data_1
#cp
-a
data
data_2
[注]
添加多实例配置文件
#cd
/usr/local/mysql001/bin
#cat
>my_multi.cnf
[注]
以下是my_multi.cnf的配置信息，可依此复制
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld
=
/usr/local/mysql001/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin
=
/usr/local/mysql001/bin/mysqladmin
user
=
root
password
=
root
[mysqld1]
socket
=
/tmp/mysql_001.sock
port
=
3301
pid-file
=
/usr/local/mysql001/data_1/hostname.pid
datadir
=
/usr/local/mysql001/data_1
log
=
/usr/local/mysql001/data_1/hostname.log
user
=
mysql
#
slave
setting
server-id
=
2
master-host
=
192.168.1.85
master-port
=
3306
master-user
=
backup
master-password
=
123456
replicate-do-db
=
gs_database
replicate-do-db
=
gs_log
master-connect-retry=30
[mysqld2]
socket
=
/tmp/mysql_5_2.sock
port
=
3302
pid-file
=
/usr/local/mysql001/data_2/hostname.pid
datadir
=
/usr/local/mysql001/data_2
log
=
/usr/local/mysql001/data_2/hostname.log
user
=
mysql
#
slave
setting
server-id
=
3
master-host
=
192.168.1.69
master-port
=
3306
master-user
=
backup
master-password
=
123
replicate-do-db
=
gs_databaes
replicate-do-db
=
gs_log
master-connect-retry=30
CTRL+D退出。
复制代码
代码如下:
#vi
/etc/profile
#
添加系统环境变量。
export
MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql001/bin
export
PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME
重启系统让环境变量生效。
添加至开机自动启动【此处可不添加，依个人情况决定是否需要设置开机自动启动】
复制代码
代码如下:
vi
/etc/rc.local
#
添加
mysqld_multi
--defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/src/mysql_dir/bin/my_multi.cnf
start
1,2
3、其它一些技巧
#
访问某个实例：
mysql
-u
root
-S
/tmp/mysql_5_1.sock
-p
#
设置各个实例密码：
mysqladmin
-u
root
password
'root'
-S
/tmp/mysql_5_1.sock
#
手动启动各个实例：
mysqld_multi
--defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/src/mysql_dir/bin/my_multi.cnf
start
1,2
#
停止各个实例：
mysqld_multi
--defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/src/mysql_dir/bin/my_multi.cnf
stop
1,2
#
参考文章
http://blog.liuts.com/post/13/
由于第一次接触LINUX，花了三天时间才算有所成就，发出来希望可以给大伙带来方便

centos 安装多实例数据库

在Centos下安装多个MySql 5.7
① 下载MySql 解压版安装包
② 编写安装脚本
③ 将脚本和安装包放置同一目录
④ 编写my.cnf文件并放置在/etc/ 目录下
⑤ 赋予脚本运行权限并运行
⑥ 修改默认密码
① 下载MySql 解压版安装包
点击传送门：MySql下载 下载对应系统的MySql, Centos选 Linux - Generic <64位> (本人Centos是64位，32位的请选择32位)

 

 

② 编写安装脚本

#!/bin/bash

baseMysqlDir=/usr/local/tarsPkg/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

yum install mysql-devel

## 创建 MySQL 软链接
ln -s ${baseMysqlDir} /usr/local/mysql

##创建 MySQL 用户
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

## 在 MySQL 二进制包目录中创建 mysql-files 目录
mkdir -v /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

## 创建多实例数据目录
mkdir -vp /data/mysql_data{1..4} 

## 修改 MySQL 二进制包目录的所属用户与所属组
chown root.mysql -R ${baseMysqlDir}

## 修改 MySQL 多实例数据目录与 数据导入/导出专放目录的所属用户与所属组
chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files /data/mysql_data{1..4}

## 初始化各个实例 [ 初始化完成后会自带随机密码在输出日志中 ]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data1
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data2
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data3
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data4

## 各实例开启 SSL 连接
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data1
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data2
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data3
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data4

## 添加mysql 到path
echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile

source /etc/profile

## 复制多实例脚本到服务管理目录下 [ /etc/init.d/ ]
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

## 添加脚本执行权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

## 添加进service服务管理
chkconfig --add mysqld_multi

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

## 查个多实例状态
/etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report

 

 

③ 将脚本和安装包放置同一目录

 

 

④ 编写my.cnf文件并放置在/etc/ 目录下

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld    = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld 
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /tmp/mysql_multi.log
[mysqld1]
federated
# 设置数据目录　[多实例中一定要不同]
datadir = /data/mysql_data1
# 设置sock存放文件名　[多实例中一定要不同]
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1
# 设置监听开放端口　[多实例中一定要不同]
port = 3306
# 设置运行用户
user = mysql
# 关闭监控
performance_schema = off
# 设置innodb 缓存大小
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
# 设置监听IP地址
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
# 关闭DNS 反向解析
skip-name-resolve = 0
max_connections=1000
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
tmpdir=/data/mysql_data1
character_set_server = utf8mb4
[mysqld2]
datadir = /data/mysql_data2
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2
tmpdir=/data/mysql_data2
port = 3307
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve = 0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
lower_case_table_names = 1
[mysqld3]
datadir = /data/mysql_data3
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3
tmpdir=/data/mysql_data3
port = 3308
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve = 0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
lower_case_table_names = 1 
[mysqld4]
datadir = /data/mysql_data4
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4
tmpdir=/data/mysql_data4
port = 3309
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve = 0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

 

⑤ 赋予脚本运行权限并运行

 

 

执行结果：

 

 

⑥ 修改默认密码

 

 

记得修改每一个默认密码哦