MIME type （散列表）
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整理回顾一下Codingame上做过的一些编程题。先从散列表实现的一个题目MIME type开始。
https://www.codingame.com/ide/puzzle/mime-type
目标
MIME在多种互联网协议中被使用到，用来标识发送内容的媒体类型（html，图片，视频），通常通过文件的扩展名里面推测出来。
写个程序来检测文件名对应的MIME类型
规则：
- 预先提供了一个MIME类型到文件扩展名的关联表，还有一系列的文件名字，针对每个文件名，必须找到对应的MIME
- 文件扩展名是文件名字符串按照"."字符分割出来的子串中的最后一个子串（如果有的话）
- 扩展名不区分大小写，例如，TXT和txt一样看待。如果在关联表中找到了对应的MIME类型，则输出对应的类型，否则输出UNKNOWN
输入
Line 1: N 关联表的元素个数
Line 2: Q 待分析的文件名
随后的N行：每行一个文件扩展名及对应的MIME类型
之后的Q行：每行一个文件名
输出
针对Q行的每个文件名，输出对应的MIME类型。如果没有找到对应的类型，则输出UNKNOWN
限制
0 < N < 10000
0 < Q < 10000
C++ 题解
一个题解如下，运用C++ STL实现的散列表容器unordered_map来存入MIME类型到文件扩展名的关联表。这样查询的平均时间复杂度为O(1)。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map> // red-black tree based
#include <unordered_map> // hashtable based
using namespace std;
string toupper(string str)
for (auto & c: str) c = toupper(c);
return str;
int main()
int N, Q;
cin >> N >> Q; cin.ignore();
// map<string, string> mime; logN runtime
std::unordered_map<string, string> mime; // constant runtime
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
string key, value;
cin >> key >> value; cin.ignore();
mime[toupper(key)] = value;
string str;
while (getline(cin, str))
auto pos = str.find_last_of("."); // search backward for "."
str = (pos == -1) ? "" : toupper(str.substr(pos +1));
cout << (mime.count(str) ? mime[str] : "UNKNOWN") << endl;
参考
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9214353/hash-table-runtime-complexity-insert-search-and-delete
https://www.codingame.com/learn/hash-tables
PHP / Mime Types - 公开可用的 mime 类型列表？ [关闭]
【中文标题】PHP / Mime Types - 公开可用的 mime 类型列表？ [关闭]【英文标题】：PHP / Mime Types - List of mime types publically available? [closed] 【发布时间】：2011-11-23 01:55:12 【问题描述】：我正在寻找一个将文件扩展名映射到 mime 类型的数组，最好是 php 或 json。这旨在作为没有 Fileinfo、mime_content_type 或 PEAR 支持的服务器的后备方案。
这是我的可悲名单 atm...
// Fallback for servers without Fileinfo, mime_content_type, or PEAR support.
$mime_types_map = array(
'3dm' => 'x-world/x-3dmf', '3dmf' => 'x-world/x-3dmf', 'a' => 'application/octet-stream', 'aab' => 'application/x-authorware-bin',
'aam' => 'application/x-authorware-map', 'aas' => 'application/x-authorware-seg', 'abc' => 'text/vnd.abc', 'acgi' => 'text/html',
'afl' => 'video/animaflex', 'ai' => 'application/postscript', 'aif' => 'audio/aiff', 'aif' => 'audio/x-aiff',
'aifc' => 'audio/aiff', 'aifc' => 'audio/x-aiff', 'aiff' => 'audio/aiff', 'aiff' => 'audio/x-aiff',
'aim' => 'application/x-aim', 'aip' => 'text/x-audiosoft-intra', 'ani' => 'application/x-navi-animation', 'aos' => 'application/x-nokia-9000-communicator-add-on-software',
'aps' => 'application/mime', 'arc' => 'application/octet-stream', 'arj' => 'application/arj', 'arj' => 'application/octet-stream',
'art' => 'image/x-jg', 'asf' => 'video/x-ms-asf', 'asm' => 'text/x-asm', 'asp' => 'text/asp',
'asx' => 'application/x-mplayer2', 'asx' => 'video/x-ms-asf', 'asx' => 'video/x-ms-asf-plugin', 'au' => 'audio/basic',
'au' => 'audio/x-au', 'avi' => 'application/x-troff-msvideo', 'avi' => 'video/avi', 'avi' => 'video/msvideo',
'avi' => 'video/x-msvideo', 'avs' => 'video/avs-video', 'bcpio' => 'application/x-bcpio', 'bin' => 'application/mac-binary',
'bin' => 'application/macbinary', 'bin' => 'application/octet-stream', 'bin' => 'application/x-binary', 'bin' => 'application/x-macbinary',
'bm' => 'image/bmp', 'bmp' => 'image/bmp', 'bmp' => 'image/x-windows-bmp', 'boo' => 'application/book',
'book' => 'application/book', 'boz' => 'application/x-bzip2', 'bsh' => 'application/x-bsh', 'bz' => 'application/x-bzip',
'bz2' => 'application/x-bzip2', 'c' => 'text/plain', 'c' => 'text/x-c', 'c++' => 'text/plain',
'cat' => 'application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat', 'cc' => 'text/plain', 'cc' => 'text/x-c', 'ccad' => 'application/clariscad',
'cco' => 'application/x-cocoa', 'cdf' => 'application/cdf', 'cdf' => 'application/x-cdf', 'cdf' => 'application/x-netcdf',
'cer' => 'application/pkix-cert', 'cer' => 'application/x-x509-ca-cert', 'cha' => 'application/x-chat', 'chat' => 'application/x-chat',
'class' => 'application/java', 'class' => 'application/java-byte-code', 'class' => 'application/x-java-class', 'com' => 'application/octet-stream',
'com' => 'text/plain', 'conf' => 'text/plain', 'cpio' => 'application/x-cpio', 'cpp' => 'text/x-c',
'cpt' => 'application/mac-compactpro', 'cpt' => 'application/x-compactpro', 'cpt' => 'application/x-cpt', 'crl' => 'application/pkcs-crl',
'crl' => 'application/pkix-crl', 'crt' => 'application/pkix-cert', 'crt' => 'application/x-x509-ca-cert', 'crt' => 'application/x-x509-user-cert',
'csh' => 'application/x-csh', 'csh' => 'text/x-script.csh', 'css' => 'application/x-pointplus', 'css' => 'text/css',
'cxx' => 'text/plain', 'dcr' => 'application/x-director', 'deepv' => 'application/x-deepv', 'def' => 'text/plain',
'der' => 'application/x-x509-ca-cert', 'dif' => 'video/x-dv', 'dir' => 'application/x-director', 'dl' => 'video/dl',
'dl' => 'video/x-dl', 'doc' => 'application/msword', 'dot' => 'application/msword', 'dp' => 'application/commonground',
'drw' => 'application/drafting', 'dump' => 'application/octet-stream', 'dv' => 'video/x-dv', 'dvi' => 'application/x-dvi',
'dwf' => 'drawing/x-dwf', 'dwf' => 'model/vnd.dwf', 'dwg' => 'application/acad', 'dwg' => 'image/vnd.dwg',
'dwg' => 'image/x-dwg', 'dxf' => 'application/dxf', 'dxf' => 'image/vnd.dwg', 'dxf' => 'image/x-dwg',
'dxr' => 'application/x-director', 'el' => 'text/x-script.elisp', 'elc' => 'application/x-bytecode.elisp', 'elc' => 'application/x-elc',
'env' => 'application/x-envoy', 'eps' => 'application/postscript', 'es' => 'application/x-esrehber', 'etx' => 'text/x-setext',
'evy' => 'application/envoy', 'evy' => 'application/x-envoy', 'exe' => 'application/octet-stream', 'f' => 'text/plain',
'f' => 'text/x-fortran', 'f77' => 'text/x-fortran', 'f90' => 'text/plain', 'f90' => 'text/x-fortran',
'fdf' => 'application/vnd.fdf', 'fif' => 'application/fractals', 'fif' => 'image/fif', 'fli' => 'video/fli',
'fli' => 'video/x-fli', 'flo' => 'image/florian', 'flx' => 'text/vnd.fmi.flexstor', 'fmf' => 'video/x-atomic3d-feature',
'for' => 'text/plain', 'for' => 'text/x-fortran', 'fpx' => 'image/vnd.fpx', 'fpx' => 'image/vnd.net-fpx',
'frl' => 'application/freeloader', 'funk' => 'audio/make', 'g' => 'text/plain', 'g3' => 'image/g3fax',
'gif' => 'image/gif', 'gl' => 'video/gl', 'gl' => 'video/x-gl', 'gsd' => 'audio/x-gsm',
'gsm' => 'audio/x-gsm', 'gsp' => 'application/x-gsp', 'gss' => 'application/x-gss', 'gtar' => 'application/x-gtar',
'gz' => 'application/x-compressed', 'gz' => 'application/x-gzip', 'gzip' => 'application/x-gzip', 'gzip' => 'multipart/x-gzip',
'h' => 'text/plain', 'h' => 'text/x-h', 'hdf' => 'application/x-hdf', 'help' => 'application/x-helpfile',
'hgl' => 'application/vnd.hp-hpgl', 'hh' => 'text/plain', 'hh' => 'text/x-h', 'hlb' => 'text/x-script',
'hlp' => 'application/hlp', 'hlp' => 'application/x-helpfile', 'hlp' => 'application/x-winhelp', 'hpg' => 'application/vnd.hp-hpgl',
'hpgl' => 'application/vnd.hp-hpgl', 'hqx' => 'application/binhex', 'hqx' => 'application/binhex4', 'hqx' => 'application/mac-binhex',
'hqx' => 'application/mac-binhex40', 'hqx' => 'application/x-binhex40', 'hqx' => 'application/x-mac-binhex40', 'hta' => 'application/hta',
'htc' => 'text/x-component', 'htm' => 'text/html', 'html' => 'text/html', 'htmls' => 'text/html',
'htt' => 'text/webviewhtml', 'htx' => 'text/html', 'ice' => 'x-conference/x-cooltalk', 'ico' => 'image/x-icon',
'idc' => 'text/plain', 'ief' => 'image/ief', 'iefs' => 'image/ief', 'iges' => 'application/iges',
'iges' => 'model/iges', 'igs' => 'application/iges', 'igs' => 'model/iges', 'ima' => 'application/x-ima',
'imap' => 'application/x-httpd-imap', 'inf' => 'application/inf', 'ins' => 'application/x-internett-signup', 'ip' => 'application/x-ip2',
'isu' => 'video/x-isvideo', 'it' => 'audio/it', 'iv' => 'application/x-inventor', 'ivr' => 'i-world/i-vrml',
'ivy' => 'application/x-livescreen', 'jam' => 'audio/x-jam', 'jav' => 'text/plain', 'jav' => 'text/x-java-source',
'java' => 'text/plain', 'java' => 'text/x-java-source', 'jcm' => 'application/x-java-commerce', 'jfif' => 'image/jpeg',
'jfif' => 'image/pjpeg', 'jfif-tbnl' => 'image/jpeg', 'jpe' => 'image/jpeg', 'jpe' => 'image/pjpeg',
'jpeg' => 'image/jpeg', 'jpeg' => 'image/pjpeg', 'jpg' => 'image/jpeg', 'jpg' => 'image/pjpeg',
'jps' => 'image/x-jps', 'js' => 'application/x-javascript', 'jut' => 'image/jutvision', 'kar' => 'audio/midi',
'kar' => 'music/x-karaoke', 'ksh' => 'application/x-ksh', 'ksh' => 'text/x-script.ksh', 'la' => 'audio/nspaudio',
'la' => 'audio/x-nspaudio', 'lam' => 'audio/x-liveaudio', 'latex' => 'application/x-latex', 'lha' => 'application/lha',
'lha' => 'application/octet-stream', 'lha' => 'application/x-lha', 'lhx' => 'application/octet-stream', 'list' => 'text/plain',
'lma' => 'audio/nspaudio', 'lma' => 'audio/x-nspaudio', 'log' => 'text/plain', 'lsp' => 'application/x-lisp',
'lsp' => 'text/x-script.lisp', 'lst' => 'text/plain', 'lsx' => 'text/x-la-asf', 'ltx' => 'application/x-latex',
'lzh' => 'application/octet-stream', 'lzh' => 'application/x-lzh', 'lzx' => 'application/lzx', 'lzx' => 'application/octet-stream',
'lzx' => 'application/x-lzx', 'm' => 'text/plain', 'm' => 'text/x-m', 'm1v' => 'video/mpeg',
'm2a' => 'audio/mpeg', 'm2v' => 'video/mpeg', 'm3u' => 'audio/x-mpequrl', 'man' => 'application/x-troff-man',
'map' => 'application/x-navimap', 'mar' => 'text/plain', 'mbd' => 'application/mbedlet', 'mc$' => 'application/x-magic-cap-package-1.0',
'mcd' => 'application/mcad', 'mcd' => 'application/x-mathcad', 'mcf' => 'image/vasa', 'mcf' => 'text/mcf',
'mcp' => 'application/netmc', 'me' => 'application/x-troff-me', 'mht' => 'message/rfc822', 'mhtml' => 'message/rfc822',
'mid' => 'application/x-midi', 'mid' => 'audio/midi', 'mid' => 'audio/x-mid', 'mid' => 'audio/x-midi',
'mid' => 'music/crescendo', 'mid' => 'x-music/x-midi', 'midi' => 'application/x-midi', 'midi' => 'audio/midi',
'midi' => 'audio/x-mid', 'midi' => 'audio/x-midi', 'midi' => 'music/crescendo', 'midi' => 'x-music/x-midi',
'mif' => 'application/x-frame', 'mif' => 'application/x-mif', 'mime' => 'message/rfc822', 'mime' => 'www/mime',
'mjf' => 'audio/x-vnd.audioexplosion.mjuicemediafile', 'mjpg' => 'video/x-motion-jpeg', 'mm' => 'application/base64', 'mm' => 'application/x-meme',
'mme' => 'application/base64', 'mod' => 'audio/mod', 'mod' => 'audio/x-mod', 'moov' => 'video/quicktime',
'mov' => 'video/quicktime', 'movie' => 'video/x-sgi-movie', 'mp2' => 'audio/mpeg', 'mp2' => 'audio/x-mpeg',
'mp2' => 'video/mpeg', 'mp2' => 'video/x-mpeg', 'mp2' => 'video/x-mpeq2a', 'mp3' => 'audio/mpeg3',
'mp3' => 'audio/x-mpeg-3', 'mp3' => 'video/mpeg', 'mp3' => 'video/x-mpeg', 'mpa' => 'audio/mpeg',
'mpa' => 'video/mpeg', 'mpc' => 'application/x-project', 'mpe' => 'video/mpeg', 'mpeg' => 'video/mpeg',
'mpg' => 'audio/mpeg', 'mpg' => 'video/mpeg', 'mpga' => 'audio/mpeg', 'mpp' => 'application/vnd.ms-project',
'mpt' => 'application/x-project', 'mpv' => 'application/x-project', 'mpx' => 'application/x-project', 'mrc' => 'application/marc',
'ms' => 'application/x-troff-ms', 'mv' => 'video/x-sgi-movie', 'my' => 'audio/make', 'mzz' => 'application/x-vnd.audioexplosion.mzz',
'nap' => 'image/naplps', 'naplps' => 'image/naplps', 'nc' => 'application/x-netcdf', 'ncm' => 'application/vnd.nokia.configuration-message',
'nif' => 'image/x-niff', 'niff' => 'image/x-niff', 'nix' => 'application/x-mix-transfer', 'nsc' => 'application/x-conference',
'nvd' => 'application/x-navidoc', 'o' => 'application/octet-stream', 'oda' => 'application/oda', 'omc' => 'application/x-omc',
'omcd' => 'application/x-omcdatamaker', 'omcr' => 'application/x-omcregerator', 'p' => 'text/x-pascal', 'p10' => 'application/pkcs10',
'p10' => 'application/x-pkcs10', 'p12' => 'application/pkcs-12', 'p12' => 'application/x-pkcs12', 'p7a' => 'application/x-pkcs7-signature',
'p7c' => 'application/pkcs7-mime', 'p7c' => 'application/x-pkcs7-mime', 'p7m' => 'application/pkcs7-mime', 'p7m' => 'application/x-pkcs7-mime',
'p7r' => 'application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp', 'p7s' => 'application/pkcs7-signature', 'part' => 'application/pro_eng', 'pas' => 'text/pascal',
'pbm' => 'image/x-portable-bitmap', 'pcl' => 'application/vnd.hp-pcl', 'pcl' => 'application/x-pcl', 'pct' => 'image/x-pict',
'pcx' => 'image/x-pcx', 'pdb' => 'chemical/x-pdb', 'pdf' => 'application/pdf', 'pfunk' => 'audio/make',
'pfunk' => 'audio/make.my.funk', 'pgm' => 'image/x-portable-graymap', 'pgm' => 'image/x-portable-greymap', 'pic' => 'image/pict',
'pict' => 'image/pict', 'pkg' => 'application/x-newton-compatible-pkg', 'pko' => 'application/vnd.ms-pki.pko', 'pl' => 'text/plain',
'pl' => 'text/x-script.perl', 'plx' => 'application/x-pixclscript', 'pm' => 'image/x-xpixmap', 'pm' => 'text/x-script.perl-module',
'pm4' => 'application/x-pagemaker', 'pm5' => 'application/x-pagemaker', 'png' => 'image/png', 'pnm' => 'application/x-portable-anymap',
'pnm' => 'image/x-portable-anymap', 'pot' => 'application/mspowerpoint', 'pot' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint', 'pov' => 'model/x-pov',
'ppa' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint', 'ppm' => 'image/x-portable-pixmap', 'pps' => 'application/mspowerpoint', 'pps' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
'ppt' => 'application/mspowerpoint', 'ppt' => 'application/powerpoint', 'ppt' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint', 'ppt' => 'application/x-mspowerpoint',
'ppz' => 'application/mspowerpoint', 'pre' => 'application/x-freelance', 'prt' => 'application/pro_eng', 'ps' => 'application/postscript',
'psd' => 'application/octet-stream', 'pvu' => 'paleovu/x-pv', 'pwz' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint', 'py' => 'text/x-script.phyton',
'pyc' => 'applicaiton/x-bytecode.python', 'qcp' => 'audio/vnd.qcelp', 'qd3' => 'x-world/x-3dmf', 'qd3d' => 'x-world/x-3dmf',
'qif' => 'image/x-quicktime', 'qt' => 'video/quicktime', 'qtc' => 'video/x-qtc', 'qti' => 'image/x-quicktime',
'qtif' => 'image/x-quicktime', 'ra' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio', 'ra' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin', 'ra' => 'audio/x-realaudio',
'ram' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio', 'ras' => 'application/x-cmu-raster', 'ras' => 'image/cmu-raster', 'ras' => 'image/x-cmu-raster',
'rast' => 'image/cmu-raster', 'rexx' => 'text/x-script.rexx', 'rf' => 'image/vnd.rn-realflash', 'rgb' => 'image/x-rgb',
'rm' => 'application/vnd.rn-realmedia', 'rm' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio', 'rmi' => 'audio/mid', 'rmm' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio',
'rmp' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio', 'rmp' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin', 'rng' => 'application/ringing-tones', 'rng' => 'application/vnd.nokia.ringing-tone',
'rnx' => 'application/vnd.rn-realplayer', 'roff' => 'application/x-troff', 'rp' => 'image/vnd.rn-realpix', 'rpm' => 'audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin',
'rt' => 'text/richtext', 'rt' => 'text/vnd.rn-realtext', 'rtf' => 'application/rtf', 'rtf' => 'application/x-rtf',
'rtf' => 'text/richtext', 'rtx' => 'application/rtf', 'rtx' => 'text/richtext', 'rv' => 'video/vnd.rn-realvideo',
's' => 'text/x-asm', 's3m' => 'audio/s3m', 'saveme' => 'application/octet-stream', 'sbk' => 'application/x-tbook',
'scm' => 'application/x-lotusscreencam', 'scm' => 'text/x-script.guile', 'scm' => 'text/x-script.scheme', 'scm' => 'video/x-scm',
'sdml' => 'text/plain', 'sdp' => 'application/sdp', 'sdp' => 'application/x-sdp', 'sdr' => 'application/sounder',
'sea' => 'application/sea', 'sea' => 'application/x-sea', 'set' => 'application/set', 'sgm' => 'text/sgml',
'sgm' => 'text/x-sgml', 'sgml' => 'text/sgml', 'sgml' => 'text/x-sgml', 'sh' => 'application/x-bsh',
'sh' => 'application/x-sh', 'sh' => 'application/x-shar', 'sh' => 'text/x-script.sh', 'shar' => 'application/x-bsh',
'shar' => 'application/x-shar', 'shtml' => 'text/html', 'shtml' => 'text/x-server-parsed-html', 'sid' => 'audio/x-psid',
'sit' => 'application/x-sit', 'sit' => 'application/x-stuffit', 'skd' => 'application/x-koan', 'skm' => 'application/x-koan',
'skp' => 'application/x-koan', 'skt' => 'application/x-koan', 'sl' => 'application/x-seelogo', 'smi' => 'application/smil',
'smil' => 'application/smil', 'snd' => 'audio/basic', 'snd' => 'audio/x-adpcm', 'sol' => 'application/solids',
'spc' => 'application/x-pkcs7-certificates', 'spc' => 'text/x-speech', 'spl' => 'application/futuresplash', 'spr' => 'application/x-sprite',
'sprite' => 'application/x-sprite', 'src' => 'application/x-wais-source', 'ssi' => 'text/x-server-parsed-html', 'ssm' => 'application/streamingmedia',
'sst' => 'application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore', 'step' => 'application/step', 'stl' => 'application/sla', 'stl' => 'application/vnd.ms-pki.stl',
'stl' => 'application/x-navistyle', 'stp' => 'application/step', 'sv4cpio' => 'application/x-sv4cpio', 'sv4crc' => 'application/x-sv4crc',
'svf' => 'image/vnd.dwg', 'svf' => 'image/x-dwg', 'svr' => 'application/x-world', 'svr' => 'x-world/x-svr',
'swf' => 'application/x-shockwave-flash', 't' => 'application/x-troff', 'talk' => 'text/x-speech', 'tar' => 'application/x-tar',
'tbk' => 'application/toolbook', 'tbk' => 'application/x-tbook', 'tcl' => 'application/x-tcl', 'tcl' => 'text/x-script.tcl',
'tcsh' => 'text/x-script.tcsh', 'tex' => 'application/x-tex', 'texi' => 'application/x-texinfo', 'texinfo' => 'application/x-texinfo',
'text' => 'application/plain', 'text' => 'text/plain', 'tgz' => 'application/gnutar', 'tgz' => 'application/x-compressed',
'tif' => 'image/tiff', 'tif' => 'image/x-tiff', 'tiff' => 'image/tiff', 'tiff' => 'image/x-tiff',
'tr' => 'application/x-troff', 'tsi' => 'audio/tsp-audio', 'tsp' => 'application/dsptype', 'tsp' => 'audio/tsplayer',
'tsv' => 'text/tab-separated-values', 'turbot' => 'image/florian', 'txt' => 'text/plain', 'uil' => 'text/x-uil',
'uni' => 'text/uri-list', 'unis' => 'text/uri-list', 'unv' => 'application/i-deas', 'uri' => 'text/uri-list',
'uris' => 'text/uri-list', 'ustar' => 'application/x-ustar', 'ustar' => 'multipart/x-ustar', 'uu' => 'application/octet-stream',
'uu' => 'text/x-uuencode', 'uue' => 'text/x-uuencode', 'vcd' => 'application/x-cdlink', 'vcs' => 'text/x-vcalendar',
'vda' => 'application/vda', 'vdo' => 'video/vdo', 'vew' => 'application/groupwise', 'viv' => 'video/vivo',
'viv' => 'video/vnd.vivo', 'vivo' => 'video/vivo', 'vivo' => 'video/vnd.vivo', 'vmd' => 'application/vocaltec-media-desc',
'vmf' => 'application/vocaltec-media-file', 'voc' => 'audio/voc', 'voc' => 'audio/x-voc', 'vos' => 'video/vosaic',
'vox' => 'audio/voxware', 'vqe' => 'audio/x-twinvq-plugin', 'vqf' => 'audio/x-twinvq', 'vql' => 'audio/x-twinvq-plugin',
'vrml' => 'application/x-vrml', 'vrml' => 'model/vrml', 'vrml' => 'x-world/x-vrml', 'vrt' => 'x-world/x-vrt',
'vsd' => 'application/x-visio', 'vst' => 'application/x-visio', 'vsw' => 'application/x-visio', 'w60' => 'application/wordperfect6.0',
'w61' => 'application/wordperfect6.1', 'w6w' => 'application/msword', 'wav' => 'audio/wav', 'wav' => 'audio/x-wav',
'wb1' => 'application/x-qpro', 'wbmp' => 'image/vnd.wap.wbmp', 'web' => 'application/vnd.xara', 'wiz' => 'application/msword',
'wk1' => 'application/x-123', 'wmf' => 'windows/metafile', 'wml' => 'text/vnd.wap.wml', 'wmlc' => 'application/vnd.wap.wmlc',
'wmls' => 'text/vnd.wap.wmlscript', 'wmlsc' => 'application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc', 'word' => 'application/msword', 'wp' => 'application/wordperfect',
'wp5' => 'application/wordperfect', 'wp5' => 'application/wordperfect6.0', 'wp6' => 'application/wordperfect', 'wpd' => 'application/wordperfect',
'wpd' => 'application/x-wpwin', 'wq1' => 'application/x-lotus', 'wri' => 'application/mswrite', 'wri' => 'application/x-wri',
'wrl' => 'application/x-world', 'wrl' => 'model/vrml', 'wrl' => 'x-world/x-vrml', 'wrz' => 'model/vrml',
'wrz' => 'x-world/x-vrml', 'wsc' => 'text/scriplet', 'wsrc' => 'application/x-wais-source', 'wtk' => 'application/x-wintalk',
'xbm' => 'image/x-xbitmap', 'xbm' => 'image/x-xbm', 'xbm' => 'image/xbm', 'xdr' => 'video/x-amt-demorun',
'xgz' => 'xgl/drawing', 'xif' => 'image/vnd.xiff', 'xl' => 'application/excel', 'xla' => 'application/excel',
'xla' => 'application/x-excel', 'xla' => 'application/x-msexcel', 'xlb' => 'application/excel', 'xlb' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
'xlb' => 'application/x-excel', 'xlc' => 'application/excel', 'xlc' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel', 'xlc' => 'application/x-excel',
'xld' => 'application/excel', 'xld' => 'application/x-excel', 'xlk' => 'application/excel', 'xlk' => 'application/x-excel',
'xll' => 'application/excel', 'xll' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel', 'xll' => 'application/x-excel', 'xlm' => 'application/excel',
'xlm' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel', 'xlm' => 'application/x-excel', 'xls' => 'application/excel', 'xls' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
'xls' => 'application/x-excel', 'xls' => 'application/x-msexcel', 'xlt' => 'application/excel', 'xlt' => 'application/x-excel',
'xlv' => 'application/excel', 'xlv' => 'application/x-excel', 'xlw' => 'application/excel', 'xlw' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
'xlw' => 'application/x-excel', 'xlw' => 'application/x-msexcel', 'xm' => 'audio/xm', 'xml' => 'application/xml',
'xml' => 'text/xml', 'xmz' => 'xgl/movie', 'xpix' => 'application/x-vnd.ls-xpix', 'xpm' => 'image/x-xpixmap',
'xpm' => 'image/xpm', 'x-png' => 'image/png', 'xsr' => 'video/x-amt-showrun', 'xwd' => 'image/x-xwd',
'xwd' => 'image/x-xwindowdump', 'xyz' => 'chemical/x-pdb', 'z' => 'application/x-compress', 'z' => 'application/x-compressed',
'zip' => 'application/x-compressed', 'zip' => 'application/x-zip-compressed', 'zip' => 'application/zip', 'zip' => 'multipart/x-zip',
'zoo' => 'application/octet-stream', 'zsh' => 'text/x-script.zsh',
);
编辑：此脚本适用于不精通 php/apache 的朋友。我不知道它将部署在哪里 - 所以我无法安装 PEAR 或任何东西。
Edit2：更新了 rfausak 评论中列表中的数组 - http://www.webmaster-toolkit.com/mime-types.shtml
【问题讨论】：
如果有一个 PEAR 库可以完成这项工作（不确定是否有......）你不能手动安装它吗？ php.net/manual/en/function.mime-content-type.php svogal 的评论中还有更多内容 @lonesomeday 这个脚本是为不熟悉 php/apache 的朋友准备的。我不知道它会部署在哪里。 @JohnHimmelman 您可以像普通 PHP 文件一样下载并包含 PEAR 文件——仅此而已。 我通过加入以下所有列表 + .php 扩展名创建了这个数组pastebin.com/d4ZQBe5A，所有这些列表中都缺少。请为此列表做出贡献，以使其尽可能准确和完整。 gist.github.com/plasticbrain/3887245pastie.org/5668002pastebin.com/iuTy6K6d 总计：截至 2015 年 11 月 16 日，共有 1223 次延期 【参考方案1】：我认为您不会在一页中找到整个列表，但您可以浏览一下 google。好的是this列表
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：如果您使用 Apache .htaccess 可用于映射 mime 类型。
moreinfo 这里是IANA's List of MIME TYPES
【讨论】：
谢谢！不幸的是，IANA 没有列出文件扩展名，所以我无法抓取它 这里：pastebin.com/iuTy6K6d【参考方案3】：这是在Apache's mime.types 文件中定义的a PHP array with the 996 extensions（使用node-mime 构建）。如果你想要 JSON 并安装了 node.js，只需 npm install mime 然后：
node -e "console.log(JSON.stringify(require('./mime').extensions))"
编辑：节点 mime-db 项目现在维护一个当前的 CDN 托管 JSON file of mime-types。需要注意的是，此文件包含有关您可能不需要的每种类型的附加元数据。不过，这可能仅在您关心 JSON 文件大小时才重要。
【讨论】：
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