题30
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25、abstract的method是否可同时是static,是否可同时是native，是否可同时是synchronized?
abstract的method 不可以是static的，因为抽象的方法是要被子类实现的，而static与子类扯不上关系！
native方法表示该方法要用另外一种依赖平台的编程语言实现的，不存在着被子类实现的问题，所以，它也不能是抽象的，不能与abstract混用。例如，FileOutputSteam类要硬件打交道，底层的实现用的是操作系统相关的api实现，例如，在windows用c语言实现的，所以，查看jdk 的源代码，可以发现FileOutputStream的open方法的定义如下：
private native void open(String name) throws FileNotFoundException;
如果我们要用java调用别人写的c语言函数，我们是无法直接调用的，我们需要按照java的要求写一个c语言的函数，又我们的这个c语言函数去调用别人的c语言函数。由于我们的c语言函数是按java的要求来写的，我们这个c语言函数就可以与java对接上，java那边的对接方式就是定义出与我们这个c函数相对应的方法，java中对应的方法不需要写具体的代码，但需要在前面声明native。
关于synchronized与abstract合用的问题，我觉得也不行，因为在我几年的学习和开发中，从来没见到过这种情况，并且我觉得synchronized应该是作用在一个具体的方法上才有意义。而且，方法上的synchronized同步所使用的同步锁对象是this，而抽象方法上无法确定this是什么。
26、什么是内部类？Static Nested Class 和 Inner Class的不同。
内部类就是在一个类的内部定义的类，内部类中不能定义静态成员（静态成员不是对象的特性，只是为了找一个容身之处，所以需要放到一个类中而已，这么一点小事，你还要把它放到类内部的一个类中，过分了啊！提供内部类，不是为让你干这种事情，无聊，不让你干。我想可能是既然静态成员类似c语言的全局变量，而内部类通常是用于创建内部对象用的，所以，把“全局变量”放在内部类中就是毫无意义的事情，既然是毫无意义的事情，就应该被禁止），内部类可以直接访问外部类中的成员变量，内部类可以定义在外部类的方法外面，也可以定义在外部类的方法体中，如下所示：
public class Outer
int out_x = 0;
public void method()
Inner1 inner1 = new Inner1();
public class Inner2 //在方法体内部定义的内部类
public method()
out_x = 3;
Inner2 inner2 = new Inner2();
public class Inner1 //在方法体外面定义的内部类
在方法体外面定义的内部类的访问类型可以是public,protecte,默认的，private等4种类型，这就好像类中定义的成员变量有4种访问类型一样，它们决定这个内部类的定义对其他类是否可见；对于这种情况，我们也可以在外面创建内部类的实例对象，创建内部类的实例对象时，一定要先创建外部类的实例对象，然后用这个外部类的实例对象去创建内部类的实例对象，代码如下：
Outer outer = new Outer();
Outer.Inner1 inner1 = outer.new Innner1();
在方法内部定义的内部类前面不能有访问类型修饰符，就好像方法中定义的局部变量一样，但这种内部类的前面可以使用final或abstract修饰符。这种内部类对其他类是不可见的其他类无法引用这种内部类，但是这种内部类创建的实例对象可以传递给其他类访问。这种内部类必须是先定义，后使用，即内部类的定义代码必须出现在使用该类之前，这与方法中的局部变量必须先定义后使用的道理也是一样的。这种内部类可以访问方法体中的局部变量，但是，该局部变量前必须加final修饰符。
对于这些细节，只要在eclipse写代码试试，根据开发工具提示的各类错误信息就可以马上了解到。
在方法体内部还可以采用如下语法来创建一种匿名内部类，即定义某一接口或类的子类的同时，还创建了该子类的实例对象，无需为该子类定义名称：
public class Outer
public void start()
new Thread(
new Runable()
public void run();
).start();
最后，在方法外部定义的内部类前面可以加上static关键字，从而成为Static Nested Class，它不再具有内部类的特性，所有，从狭义上讲，它不是内部类。Static Nested Class与普通类在运行时的行为和功能上没有什么区别，只是在编程引用时的语法上有一些差别，它可以定义成public、protected、默认的、private等多种类型，而普通类只能定义成public和默认的这两种类型。在外面引用Static Nested Class类的名称为“外部类名.内部类名”。在外面不需要创建外部类的实例对象，就可以直接创建Static Nested Class，例如，假设Inner是定义在Outer类中的Static Nested Class，那么可以使用如下语句创建Inner类：
Outer.Inner inner = new Outer.Inner();
由于static Nested Class不依赖于外部类的实例对象，所以，static Nested Class能访问外部类的非static成员变量。当在外部类中访问Static Nested Class时，可以直接使用Static Nested Class的名字，而不需要加上外部类的名字了，在Static Nested Class中也可以直接引用外部类的static的成员变量，不需要加上外部类的名字。
在静态方法中定义的内部类也是Static Nested Class，这时候不能在类前面加static关键字，静态方法中的Static Nested Class与普通方法中的内部类的应用方式很相似，它除了可以直接访问外部类中的static的成员变量，还可以访问静态方法中的局部变量，但是，该局部变量前必须加final修饰符。
备注：首先根据你的印象说出你对内部类的总体方面的特点：例如，在两个地方可以定义，可以访问外部类的成员变量，不能定义静态成员，这是大的特点。然后再说一些细节方面的知识，例如，几种定义方式的语法区别，静态内部类，以及匿名内部类。
27、内部类可以引用它的包含类的成员吗？有没有什么限制？
完全可以。如果不是静态内部类，那没有什么限制！
如果你把静态嵌套类当作内部类的一种特例，那在这种情况下不可以访问外部类的普通成员变量，而只能访问外部类中的静态成员，例如，下面的代码：
class Outer
static int x;
static class Inner
void test()
syso(x);
答题时，也要能察言观色，揣摩提问者的心思，显然人家希望你说的是静态内部类不能访问外部类的成员，但你一上来就顶牛，这不好，要先顺着人家，让人家满意，然后再说特殊情况，让人家吃惊。
28、Anonymous Inner Class (匿名内部类) 是否可以extends(继承)其它类，是否可以implements(实现)interface(接口)?
可以继承其他类或实现其他接口。不仅是可以，而是必须!
29、super.getClass()方法调用
下面程序的输出结果是多少？
import java.util.Date;
public class Test extends Date
public static void main(String[] args)
new Test().test();
public void test()
System.out.println(super.getClass().getName());
很奇怪，结果是Test
这属于脑筋急转弯的题目，在一个qq群有个网友正好问过这个问题，我觉得挺有趣，就研究了一下，没想到今天还被你面到了，哈哈。
在test方法中，直接调用getClass().getName()方法，返回的是Test类名
由于getClass()在Object类中定义成了final，子类不能覆盖该方法，所以，在
test方法中调用getClass().getName()方法，其实就是在调用从父类继承的getClass()方法，等效于调用super.getClass().getName()方法，所以，super.getClass().getName()方法返回的也应该是Test。
如果想得到父类的名称，应该用如下代码：
getClass().getSuperClass().getName();
30、String是最基本的数据类型吗?
基本数据类型包括byte、int、char、long、float、double、boolean和short。
java.lang.String类是final类型的，因此不可以继承这个类、不能修改这个类。为了提高效率节省空间，我们应该用StringBuffer类
[ 2204阅读 ] 句子简化题 | 细节题 | 排除题 | 推理题 | 目的题 | 句子插入题 | 总结题
任务：课前资料01理论课、03句子分析(每天一个)、04语法课、02词汇题(324每天30)
[ 句子简化题 ] - [ 细节题 ] - [ 排除题 ] - [ 推理题 ] - [ 目的题 ] - [ 出题规律 ] - [ 句子插入题 ] - [ 总结题 ]
[ 句子简化题 ]
[ 句子简化题 - 题型识别 ]
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
[ 句子简化题 - 答题方法 ]
1. 找主干 ( 主干内容相近原则 )
① 原句中有1个主干时，选项不包含该主干，错误
② 原句中有多个主干时，遵循 " 宁多勿少，宁少勿错 "
2. 找逻辑词 ( 逻辑矛盾可排除 )
转折 和 因，转折 和 果，让步 和 因，让步 和 果
although a, (but) b 尽管，但是
3. 找绝比概否 ( " 考点 + 内容 " 检验 )
① 绝对词：only，unique，rarely，just，have to / must，definitely，never ...
② 比较：more，the most，compare，contrast，-er，-est
③ 概括：all，whole，entire ...
④ 否定：
前缀：in- / im- / illegal / irregular，un-，mis-，anti-，dis- / de-(down)，
nonagricultural sector ...
否定单词：no，not，little，lack，replace，avoid，disregard / ignore / neglect ， vanish / perish (死亡，丧生; 毁灭; 腐烂，枯萎; 老化;)，hardly，seldom (不常; 很少; 难得;)，scarce，difficult，problem / problematic (成问题的，有疑问的)
否定词组：too...to，no longer，rather than (而不是) / other than (除...以外)，
lack of (缺乏) / void of (缺乏的)，instead of (而不是…)，take place of... (代替;)
[ 句子简化题 - 例题示范 ]
Animal Signals in the Rain Forest
In the green-to yellow lighting conditions of the lowest levels of the forest, yellow and green would be the brightest colors, but when an animal is signaling, these colors would not be very visible if the animal was sitting in an area with a yellowish or greenish background.
分析：
1. 找主干
① 黄绿最亮
② 信号 看不清
2. 找逻辑词：but
3. 找考点：比 brightest ，否 not be very visible
When an animal is signaling in an area with green-to yellow lighting condition, it's signal will not be visible if the background is brightly lit.
1. 文章主语是黄绿色， 选项主语是信号
2. 文章说的是背景色，选项说的是背景光
In the lowest levels of the forest, an animal's signals are not easily seen unless there is a yellowish or greenish background.
1. 文章主语是黄绿色， 选项主语是信号
2. unless = if not，除非
In the green-to-yellow lighting conditions at the lowest levels of the forest, only signals that are themselves green or yellow will be bright enough to be seen in most areas.
1. 选项中出现了绝对词only，原文没有
Although green and yellow would be the brightest colors near the forest floor, these colors would make poor signals whenever the forest background was also in the green-to-yellow range.
1. 让步( although (虽然; 尽管;) a, [ but ] b )，but在原文中出现了
2. 否定词 poor
[ 句子简化题 - 习题练习 ]
[ 习题 ] 句子简化题 细节题 排除题_we1less的博客-CSDN博客
[ 细节题 ] Factual Information Question 细节题 / 事实信息题
[ 细节题 - 题型识别 ]
第 1 组：问原因； 没有标点符号的从后看
1. According to paragraph 6,large batches of clay writing tablets were stored because the tablets
2. Paragraph 2 suggests that Thomas Edison’s early efforts to develop a motion-picture camera failed because he could not figure out how to
问原因 - 方式
3. According to paragraph 3, what was one cause of the economic problems in Europe of the fourteenth century?
4. According to paragraph 4, what may contribute to high mobility costs in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan?
5. According to paragraph 3, what is one possible explanation for why American workers change jobs more frequently than workers elsewhere do?
第 2 组：问结果
1. According to paragraph 2, researchers discovered which of the following by playing recordings of songs to chaffinches?
发现了什么
2. According to paragraph 2, what do students reveal about the tendency for workers to change jobs?
揭露了什么
3. Which of the following is a probable effect of the fact mentioned in paragraph 4 that there are few available nesting locations near the Humboldt Current?
影响了
第 3 组：问结果 | 积极 / 消极
1. According to paragraph 3, what advantage do birds gain by hatching all the colony’s eggs at the same time?
积极
2. According to paragraph 2, why did the government place restrictions on dyers?
消极
第 4 组：EXCEPT 排除题的题干是段落的主旨
1. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 2 as characteristic of wild chaffinches EXCEPT :
2. Paragraph 2 claims that yellow-rumped cacique colonies defend themselves from predators in all of the following ways EXCEPT :
[ 细节题 - 答题方法 ] S D S G
S 审题：审题型，问什么 [ 辅助定位答案句 ]
1 疑问句：疑问词 [ what + 相关词汇 ，why，when，where，who，how ... ]
2 陈述句：题干最后 [ was 补全主语，becsuse ]
D 定位：从题干找出 2+ 名词，找到原文的定位句
[ 注：名词为主、考点为辅；名词不与文章标题重复 / 相似；不用人名 ]
特殊情况：剩余部分，没有符合答案的情况
代词：定位句中出现代词 ( 指代前文内容的this )，答案句 = 定位句 + 前句
定位句后一句出现代词， 答案句 = 定位句 + 后句
并列：定位句后一句出现并列 ( at the same time / and / in addition )
答案句 = 定位句 + 后句
全部删减：定位句与题干重复，用选项定位
S 删减： 找到原文定位句后，定位句与题干重复内容删减，保留剩余部分 [ 审题词校验定位句 ]
G 改写：剩余部分 = 选项的改写形式
[ 细节题 - 习题练习 ]
[ 排除题 ]
[ 排除题 - 题型识别 ] EXPECT / NOT
[ 排除题 - 答题方法 ] S D SG
S 审题： 判断题型 EXPECT / NOT，找出该题主要问的内容
D 定位： 提取4选项名词，2+
名词为主、考点为辅
不与文章 [ 标题 | 题干 | 其他选项 ] 重复 / 相似
记忆每个选项最核心的定位词用于在原文找定位句
SG 顺序改写： 按照原文句子顺序，分别定位(完整)选项， 选择错误的一项
错误选项特征：原文没有(无)、与原文相反(反)、不符合题意(偏题，指的是与题干答非所问)
[ 排除题 - 习题练习 ]
[ 推理题 ]
[ 推理题 - 题型识别 ] infer imply suggest support conclude
[ 推理题 - 答题方法 ] S D SG
1. S审题 D定位 S删减 G改写 [ 题干有有效定位词 ] 细节题方式
2. S审题 D定位 S + G 顺序改写 排除题方式
[ 推理题 - 分类 ]
直接对比推理
① unlike a, b ...
b部分出现代词，指代的是句子前面的部分
a = not b
② compare, whereas, while, in contrast, however ...
隐含对比推理
a 少 b 多 --> a < b
a ... are limited，as most ... b
时间对比推理
标志词
① 原文：after, since, later, now, recently, currently ...
② 题干：before, prior to , past, last, of his time
应用：时间对比，相应的事件对比，答案加not
推理题规律：答案句通常为 观点句、解释句、过渡句，不是纯例子
[ 推理题 - 习题练习 ]
[ 目的题 ] 考核作者观点
[ 目的题 - 题型识别 ]
通用问法：
① 疑问句形式：[ why / what reason ] ... the author ... ?
② 陈述句形式：[ the author / passage ] include / offer / mention ... in order to / to suggest / to demonstrate / to emphasize / to
in order to 为了
[ 目的题 - 分类 ]
[ 总分 / 总分总 ] 经常出现的情况：
段落目的 / 段落关系
① what is the main purpose ... paragraph X ?
② how ... paragraph X related to paragraph Y ? / what ... relationship between paragraph X and paragraph Y ?
答案句：(段落目的) 某一段的主旨句 / (段落关系) 某两段中间部分
例子说明观点：重要
① 定位句为纯例子，答案在例子前
② 例子与观点合二为一，答案在本句 ( 主干 + 抽象词汇 )
[ 分总 / 总分总 ] 特殊情况：
标志词：总结 / 结果
therefore / thereby / hence / so / thus / this meant that / making / giving / allowing ...
① 分总 / 总分总：段落靠后位置
② 代词：this meant that
[ 目的题 - 例题示范 ]
TPO-16 Trade and the Ancient Middle East
Paragraph 3
This mode of craft production favored the growth of self-governing and ideologically egalitarian craft guilds everywhere in the Middle Eastern city. These were essentially professional associations that provided for the mutual aid and protection of their members, and allowed for the maintenance of professional standards. The growth of independent guilds was furthered by the fact that surplus was not a result of domestic craft production but resulted primarily from international trading; the government left working people to govern themselves, much as shepherds of tribal confederacies were left alone by their leaders. In the multiplicity of small-scale local egalitarian or quasi-egalitarian organizations for fellowship, worship, and production that flourished in this laissez-faire environment, individuals could interact with one another within a community of harmony and ideological equality, following their own popularly elected leaders and governing themselves by shared consensus while minimizing distinctions of wealth and power.
guilds n. (行业)协会;(中世纪的)行会，同业公会
furthered v. 促进;增进
surplus n. 盈余;剩余;过剩;顺差;过剩量;剩余额
primarily adv. 主要地;根本地
left leave过去式 v. 让…处于 离开(某人或某处);遗弃;丢弃
much as 就像 = much as = like
shepherds n. 牧羊人;羊倌
16. The author includes the information that surplus was not a result of domestic craft production but resulted primarily from international trading in order to
○support the claim that the mode of production made possible by the craft guilds very good for trade
the mode of production 生产方式
trade n. 贸易;买卖;商业;
○contrast the economic base of the city government with that of the tribal confederacies
contrast n. 明显的差异;对比;对照;
○provide a reason why the government allowed the guilds to be self-controlled
○suggest that the government was missing out on a valuable opportunity to tax the guilds
S：The author ... in order to 目的题
D：阴影
S：阴影标红
G：C 答案标红
[ 目的题 - 习题练习 ]
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[ 出题规律 ]
文章标题
文章标题的用法
1. 定位：有效定位词不与文章标题重复或相似的内容
2. 出题点：逻辑词 + 新内容 [ 不与文章标题重复或相似的内容 ]
应用：辅助定位
文章标题剖析
Europe's Early See trade with Asia
内容模块：地点、时间、事件、方式、关系
成分分析：中心词 (名词) + 定语
新旧观点判断
政治的发展切断了陆路 [ 新 ]
剖析练习
Trade with ancient Middle East
Roman Cultural Influence on Britain [ 时间对比推理 ]
Effects of Commercial revolution
比较 / 对比，分类，因果，问题 / 解决方案
[ 句子插入题 ]
[ 句子插入题 - 题型识别 ]
Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
The cheeping provides important information to the parent, but it could also attract the attention of others.
Where would the sentence best fit?
[ 句子插入题 - 笔记格式 ]
定位：题目主干 + 具体内容 -- 找到原文相似的句子 (定位句)
位置：根据...，放前 / 后
[ 句子插入题 - 题型方法 ]
定位：题目主干 + 具体内容 -- 找到原文相似的句子 (定位句)
① 句子主干信息 (具体)
② 主干为抽象内容时，选用其他成分的内容来定位
位置：
指代关系：代词，the + 名词，指代前文内容，放在定位句后
① 正向考核：题干出现代词
② 逆向思维：原文句子出现代词
段落结构：[ 总 分 ] 题干句子
① 总：句子较短，抽象概括，放在定位句前
② 分：句子较长，具体细节 (包含 for example)，放到定位句后
逻辑检验：
题干句子中出现 however / therefor / further / additional / at the same time / and / then / again 等逻辑词，表示题干句子与原文前句内容有密切联系，放到定位句后
[ 句子插入题 - 例题示范 ]
Begging by Nestlings
Many signals that animals make seem to impose on the signalers costs that are overly damaging. ■A classic example is noisy begging by nestling songbirds when a parent returns to the nest with food. ■These loud cheeps and peeps might give the location of the nest away to a listening hawk or raccoon, resulting in the death of the defenseless nestlings. ■In fact, when tapes of begging tree swallows were played at an artificial swallow nest containing an egg, the egg in that “noisy” nest was taken or destroyed by predators before the egg in a nearby quiet nest in 29 of 37 trials. ■
3. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
The cheeping provides important information to the parent, but it could also attract the attention of others.
Where would the sentence best fit?
定位：the parent -- a parent
位置：the 放后
[ 句子插入题 - 习题练习 ]
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[ 总结题 ]
[ 总结题 - 题型识别 ]
10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your answer choices to the spaces where they belong to remove an answer choice, click on it. To review the passage, click VIEW TEXT
Answer Choices
[ 总结题 - 笔记格式 ]
① 对应段落
② 对应题目
[ 总结题 - 题型方法 ]
1. 审题 [ 正向做题 ] ：
① 文章标题
② 题干句子：主干
2. 借题做题：借助前面题目对应原文答案的内容 [ 提炼 ]
3. 反向排除 [ minor idears 次要信息 ]
① 例子：时间、地点、人物、事物等。特殊 ( 不作为排除依据 ) ：[ such as ]
② 数字：时间 (second，minute，hour，day，week，month，times，degree)
③ 片面信息：文章标题 / 主题包含2个以上的内容，选项只有一个
[ 总结题 - 习题练习 ]
Step1: 主题
TPO42-2 Explaining Dinosaur Extinction
Over the years, scientists have proposed a number of theories as to why dinosaurs suddenly became extinct about 65 million years ago. 1、2
A. Many explanations for dinosaur extinction have been proposed, but most of them are either called into question by known facts or are merely unsupported hypotheses.
question n. 问题;疑问;
B. Although mammals and dinosaurs appeared at about the same time in the Late Triassic, the K-T event, which marked the end of the dinosaurs, apparently had relatively little impact on mammals.
impact n. 影响;撞击;
C. Focusing on dinosaurs misses the point that the extinction, at about the same time, of the shelled squid-like creatures that dominated the Mesozoic seas was far more scientifically significant.
D. Any satisfactory explanation of the mass extinction of dinosaurs must take into account the fact that the disappearance of dinosaurs was part of global mass extinction.
E. Computerized climate models of global temperature fluctuations support the theory that a huge rock from space hit the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico about 65 million years ago.
F. A huge bolide striking Earth would have created conditions in which most plants
would have died, thus explaining the mass extinction of organisms—including
dinosaurs—further up the food chain.
TPO 10 p3 Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth
In late sixteenth-and early seventeenth-century Europe, increased agricultural production and the expansion of trade were important in economic growth.
Answer choices
○ Bringing more land under cultivation produced enough food to create surpluses for trade and investment as well as for supporting the larger populations that led to the growth of rural industry.
○ Most rural villages established an arrangement with a nearby urban center that enabled villagers to take advantage of urban markets to sell any handicrafts they produced.
arrangement n. 商定; 约定;
urban adj. 城市的;都市的;城镇的
○ Increases in population and the expansion of trade led to increased manufacturing, much of it small-scale in character but some requiring significant capital investment.
○ Increased capital was required for the production of goods, for storage, for trade, and for the provision of credit throughout of Europe as well as distant markets overseas.
○ Bills of exchange were invented in medieval Italy but became less important as banks began to provide loans for merchants.
○ The expansion of trade was facilitated by developments in banking and financial services and benefitted from the huge influx of capital in the form of gold silver from the Americas.
真题 Effects of Commercial Revolution
A. New kinds of urban centers emerged that focused on commerce and encouraged craft and occupational specializations.
B. Rulers in the last millennium began to promote the material prosperity of their people through support and improvement of commerce.
C. More established commercial centers supplied final products to newer regions in exchange for raw materials.
D. During the first millennium B. C., new political and religious centers arose that based their power on their ability to protect their lands and people.
E. The focus on raw materials switched the balance of power from the manufacturing centers to the control of the exporters of the natural products.
F. Military occupation of neighboring lands became a major means of expanding trade into new territories.
Step2: 借题做题 [ 综合出题情况 & 主题 & 排除法 ]
TPO 10 P2 Variations in the Climate
Climate n. 气候;气候区;倾向;思潮;风气;环境气氛
1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following must we find out in order to determine the impact of human activities upon climate?
2. According to paragraph 2, an advantage of proxy records over instrumental records is that
instrumental n. 器乐曲;工具格;工具词
4. According to paragraph 3, scientists are able to reconstruct proxy temperature records by
6. According to paragraphs 3 and 4, proxy data have suggested all of the following about the climate EXCEPT:
8. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 5 as natural causes of climate change EXCEPT
9. According to paragraph 6, which of the following is true of computer models of the global climate?
13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
Indeed, the contribution of volcanoes and solar activity would more likely have been to actually reduce the rate of warming slightly.
14. A number of different and complex factors influence changes in the global climate over long periods of time.
Answer choices
A. In the absence of instrumental records, proxy data allow scientists to infer information about past climates.
B. Scientists see a consistent pattern in the global temperature variations that have occurred in the past.
pattern n. 图案;模式;方式;范例;
C. Computer models are used to estimate how the different causes of climate variability combine to account for the climate variability that occurs.
D. Scientists have successfully separated natural climate variation from changes related to human activities.
separated v. (使)分开，分离;分割;划分;
E. Scientists believe that activities outside the global climate system, such as volcanoes and solar activity may have significant effects on the system.
F. Scientists have concluded that human activity accounts for the rapid global warming in recent decades.
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