python基础-内置函数

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python 提供了很多的内置函数。

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一、数值处理相关函数:

  1、取绝对值:abs()

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def abs(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Return the absolute value of the argument. """
    pass
abs()

  2、转二进制:bin()

def bin(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 
    """
    Return the binary representation of an integer.
    
       >>> bin(2796202)
       ‘0b1010101010101010101010‘
    """

  3、转八进制:oct()

def oct(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 
    """
    Return the octal representation of an integer.
    
       >>> oct(342391)
       ‘0o1234567‘
    """

  4、转十六进制:hex()

def hex(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 
    """
    Return the hexadecimal representation of an integer.
    
       >>> hex(12648430)
       ‘0xc0ffee‘
    """

  5、取最大值:max()

def max(*args, key=None): # known special case of max
    """
    max(iterable, *[, default=obj, key=func]) -> value
    max(arg1, arg2, *args, *[, key=func]) -> value
    
    With a single iterable argument, return its biggest item. The    使用一个可迭代的参数,返回其中最大值的项
    default keyword-only argument specifies an object to return if
    the provided iterable is empty.
    With two or more arguments, return the largest argument.
    """

  6、取最小值:min()

def min(*args, key=None): # known special case of min
    """
    min(iterable, *[, default=obj, key=func]) -> value
    min(arg1, arg2, *args, *[, key=func]) -> value
    
    With a single iterable argument, return its smallest item. The
    default keyword-only argument specifies an object to return if
    the provided iterable is empty.
    With two or more arguments, return the smallest argument.
    """

 

二、返回是布尔值的函数:

  1、所有元素为真,函数返回真:all()

def all(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return True if bool(x) is True for all values x in the iterable.
    
    If the iterable is empty, return True.
    """

  2、有一个元素为真,函数返回真:any()

def any(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return True if bool(x) is True for any x in the iterable.
    
    If the iterable is empty, return False.
    """

   3、返回对象是否可调用:callable()

def callable(i_e_, some_kind_of_function): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    Return whether the object is callable (i.e., some kind of function).
    
    Note that classes are callable, as are instances of classes with a
    __call__() method.
    """

 三、编译和执行代码

  1、把字符串编译成python代码:compile()

s="print(123)"
r=compile(s,<string>,"exec")
exec(r)

  2、执行代码:exec() 和 eval()

    两者区别:a、exec()可以执行python 代码,也可以执行表达式,而eval() 只能执行表达式

         b、exec()只是执行,没有返回值,而eval() 有返回值

s="print(123)"
r=compile(s,<string>,"exec")
exec(r)
exec("print(‘10*10‘)")
r=eval("8*8")
print(r)

 

  

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