python列表推导式
Posted
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了python列表推导式相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
1 列表推导式定义
列表推导式能非常简洁的构造一个新列表:只用一条简洁的表达式即可对得到的元素进行转换变形
2 列表推导式语法
基本格式如下:
[expr for value in collection if condition]
过滤条件可有可无,取决于实际应用,只留下表达式
列表推导式例子:
1
2
|
l = [ "egg%s" % i for i in range ( 10 )] print (l) |
类似于这段for代码:
1
2
3
4
|
egg_list = [] for i in range ( 10 ): egg_list.append( "egg%s" % i) print (egg_list) |
列表推导式还可以加更多的if判断for循环
1
2
3
4
|
l = [ ‘egg%s‘ % i for i in range ( 1 , 101 )] l = [ ‘egg%s‘ % i for i in range ( 1 , 101 ) if i > 50 ] l = [ ‘egg%s‘ % i for i in range ( 1 , 101 ) if i > 50 if i< 60 ] print (l) |
3 列表推导式优点
方便,改变了编程习惯,属于声明式编程
举例:
1
2
3
4
|
l = [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] s = "hello" l1 = [(num,i) for num in l for i in s] print (l1) |
输出结果为:
1
|
[( 1 , ‘h‘ ), ( 1 , ‘e‘ ), ( 1 , ‘l‘ ), ( 1 , ‘l‘ ), ( 1 , ‘o‘ ), ( 2 , ‘h‘ ), ( 2 , ‘e‘ ), ( 2 , ‘l‘ ), ( 2 , ‘l‘ ), <br>( 2 , ‘o‘ ), ( 3 , ‘h‘ ), ( 3 , ‘e‘ ), ( 3 , ‘l‘ ), ( 3 , ‘l‘ ), ( 3 , ‘o‘ ), ( 4 , ‘h‘ ), ( 4 , ‘e‘ ), ( 4 , ‘l‘ ), <br>( 4 , ‘l‘ ), ( 4 , ‘o‘ )] |
这个列表推导式相当于:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
l = [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] s = "hello" l1 = [] for num in l: for i in s: t = (num,i) l1.append(t) print (l1) |
4 列表表达式例子
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
import os g = os.walk( "C:\\python_fullstack_wen\\day24\\wen" ) file_path_list = [] for i in g: for j in i[ - 1 ]: file_path_list.append( "%s\\\\%s" % (i[ 0 ],j)) print (file_path_list) g = os.walk( "C:\\python_fullstack_wen\\day24\\wen" ) file_path_list = [ "%s\\\\%s" % (i[ 0 ],j) for i in g for j in i[ - 1 ]] print (file_path_list) |
输出结果:
1
2
|
[ ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\yan1.txt‘ , ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen1<br>\\\\yan1.txt‘ , ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen1\\\\jie1\\\\yan1.txt‘ , <br> ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen1\\\\yan1\\\\yan1.txt‘ , <br> ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen2\\\\yan2.txt‘ ] [ ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\yan1.txt‘ , ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen1\\\\yan1.txt‘ , ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen1\\\\jie1\\\\yan1.txt‘ , ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen1\\\\yan1\\\\yan1.txt‘ , ‘C:\\\\python_fullstack_wen\\\\day24\\\\wen\\\\wen2\\\\yan2.txt‘ ] |
以上是关于python列表推导式的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章