[python 学习] requests 库的使用

Posted 2020-10-04

1、get请求

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests

URL_IP = "http://b.com/index.php"
pyload = {‘cate‘:1,‘id‘:2}
headers = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.101 Safari/537.36‘}
def use_simple_requests():
    r = requests.get(URL_IP, params=pyload, headers=headers)
    print r.url        #resuest url
    print r.headers    #response header
    print r.text       #response 内容（编码后） 
    print r.content    #response 内容（无编码）
    print r.status_code#http状态码
    print r.json()     #输出json数据，服务器返回的不是json内容则会报错
    #print r.raw.read(100) #获取原始套接字相应，请求中需设置 stream=True

use_simple_requests()

2、post请求

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests

URL_IP = "http://b.com/index.php"
pyload = {‘cate‘:1,‘id‘:2}
def use_simple_requests():
    r = requests.post(‘http://httpbin.org/post‘, data=pyload)
    print r.text

use_simple_requests()

3、cookie

　　服务器端：http://a.com/index.php

<?php
    $cookie_name = $_COOKIE[‘name‘];       //接受客户端发来的cookie
    setcookie(‘name‘,$cookie_name.‘777‘);  //将接受的cookie值追加‘777‘后发给客户端
?>

　　客户端：request_demo.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests

URL_IP = "http://b.com/index.php"
cookies = {‘name‘:‘testtest‘} #设置cookie
def use_simple_requests():
    r = requests.get(URL_IP, cookies=cookies) #request请求中带上cookie
    print r.headers
    print r.cookies[‘name‘] #打印cookie

use_simple_requests()

文档：http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#make-a-request