python中使用flask时遇到的markupsafe._compat包缺失的问题与解决

Posted 2020-10-04

环境：windows7 + python3.6.0

在尝试使用python的flask时，按照flask的tutorial操作，装好flask、venv后，对tutorial中的hello.py进行运行时发现了markupsafe._compat包缺失的问题

如下：

 1 G:\Work\pythonMain>venv\Scripts\activate
 2 
 3 (venv) G:\Work\pythonMain>set FLASK_APP=hello.py
 4 
 5 (venv) G:\Work\pythonMain>flask run
 6 Traceback (most recent call last):
 7   File "e:\python\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
 8     "__main__", mod_spec)
 9   File "e:\python\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
10     exec(code, run_globals)
11   File "E:\python\Scripts\flask.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
12   File "e:\python\lib\site-packages\flask\__init__.py", line 19, in <module>
13     from jinja2 import Markup, escape
14   File "e:\python\lib\site-packages\jinja2\__init__.py", line 33, in <module>
15     from jinja2.environment import Environment, Template
16   File "e:\python\lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 15, in <module>
17 
18     from jinja2 import nodes
19   File "e:\python\lib\site-packages\jinja2\nodes.py", line 19, in <module>
20     from jinja2.utils import Markup
21   File "e:\python\lib\site-packages\jinja2\utils.py", line 624, in <module>
22     from markupsafe import Markup, escape, soft_unicode
23   File "e:\python\lib\site-packages\markupsafe\__init__.py", line 14, in <module
24 >
25     from markupsafe._compat import text_type, string_types, int_types, 26 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘markupsafe._compat‘

使用 pip freeze 查看已安装的包时，markupsafe 和 jinja2都是已安装的状态

我将这两个包反复卸载再安装也并没有得到解决

在网上没有找到解决方案的时候，看见有一些 _compat.py 的文件内容如下：

附上网址：

https://chromium.googlesource.com/infra/third_party/MarkupSafe/+/188802ce86879aafc3472619ce82ae1768210d83/markupsafe/_compat.py

https://www.apt-browse.org/browse/debian/jessie/main/amd64/python3-markupsafe/0.23-1+b1/file/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/markupsafe/_compat.py

 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 2 """
 3     markupsafe._compat
 4     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 5     Compatibility module for different Python versions.
 6     :copyright: (c) 2013 by Armin Ronacher.
 7     :license: BSD, see LICENSE for more details.
 8 """
 9 import sys
10 PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
11 if not PY2:
12     text_type = str
13     string_types = (str,)
14     unichr = chr
15     int_types = (int,)
16     iteritems = lambda x: iter(x.items())
17 else:
18     text_type = unicode
19     string_types = (str, unicode)
20     unichr = unichr
21     int_types = (int, long)
22     iteritems = lambda x: x.iteritems()

对照之下，两个网址上的这个文件内容是一样的，我在python的文件中找到markupsafe文件夹，文件夹内并没有这个文件。

虽然我并不知道为什么没有装上，但本着尝试的心态就自己在该目录下新建了个python文件，并把这个内容复制了进去，于是成功解决了我的问题。

本地目录是python目录下的：Lib\site-packages\markupsafe\

1 (venv) G:\Work\pythonMain>flask run
2  * Serving Flask app "hello"
3  * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)