python--linux安装

Posted 2020-10-01

centos7

查看默认Python版本自带2.7.5版本

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# python -V
Python 2.7.5

升级版本-3.x

1、安装gcc，用于编译Python源码

[[email protected] ~]# yum install gcc

 2、下载源码包

 官网下载：https://www.python.org/ftp/python/

3、解压并进入源码文件

[[email protected] ~]# ll
total 14468
-rw-------. 1 root root     1208 Dec 15  2016 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 14808460 Apr 20 15:47 Python-3.5.0.tar.xz
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# tar xf Python-3.5.0.tar.xz
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# cd Python-3.5.0/
[[email protected]-node1 Python-3.5.0]# ll
total 980
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000   8466 Sep 13  2015 aclocal.m4
-rwxr-xr-x  1 1000 1000  42856 Sep 13  2015 config.guess
-rwxr-xr-x  1 1000 1000  35740 Sep 13  2015 config.sub
-rwxr-xr-x  1 1000 1000 464952 Sep 13  2015 configure
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000 150676 Sep 13  2015 configure.ac
drwxrwxr-x 18 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Doc
drwxrwxr-x  2 1000 1000     20 Sep 13  2015 Grammar
drwxrwxr-x  2 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Include
-rwxr-xr-x  1 1000 1000   7122 Sep 13  2015 install-sh
drwxrwxr-x 46 1000 1000   8192 Sep 13  2015 Lib
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000  12761 Sep 13  2015 LICENSE
drwxrwxr-x  8 1000 1000    151 Sep 13  2015 Mac
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000  56690 Sep 13  2015 Makefile.pre.in
drwxrwxr-x  2 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Misc
drwxrwxr-x 11 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Modules
drwxrwxr-x  4 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Objects
drwxrwxr-x  2 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Parser
drwxrwxr-x  6 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 PC
drwxrwxr-x  2 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 PCbuild
drwxrwxr-x  2 1000 1000     79 Sep 13  2015 Programs
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000  41790 Sep 13  2015 pyconfig.h.in
drwxrwxr-x  3 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Python
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000   6740 Sep 13  2015 README
-rw-r--r--  1 1000 1000  98075 Sep 13  2015 setup.py
drwxrwxr-x 22 1000 1000   4096 Sep 13  2015 Tools

4、编译安装

[[email protected] Python-3.5.0]# ./configure
[[email protected]-node1 Python-3.5.0]# make all
[[email protected]-node1 Python-3.5.0]# make install

注：编译需要等一段时间~

5、查看版本

[[email protected] Python-3.5.0]# /usr/local/bin/python3.5 -V
Python 3.5.0

6、修改默认Python版本

[[email protected] Python-3.5.0]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7.5         #移走旧版本的python并命名为2.7.5
[[email protected]-node1 Python-3.5.0]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python  #做软连接
[[email protected]-node1 Python-3.5.0]# python -V                                       #验证默认版本
 Python 3.5.0

 

7、防止yum执行异常，修改yum使用的Python版本

[[email protected] Python-3.5.0]# vim /usr/bin/yum    #将头部 #!/usr/bin/python 修改为 #!/usr/bin/python3.5
[[email protected]-node1 Python-3.5.0]# cat /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python3.5
import sys