python中matplotlib绘图封装类之折线图条状图圆饼图

Posted 2020-09-30

 

 

DrawHelper.py封装类源码：

 1 import matplotlib
 2 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 3 import numpy as np
 4 
 5 class DrawHelper:
 6     def __init__(self):
 7         # 指定默认字体 下面三条代码用来解决绘图中出现的乱码
 8         matplotlib.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif‘] = [‘SimHei‘]
 9         matplotlib.rcParams[‘font.family‘] = ‘sans-serif‘
10         # 解决负号‘-‘显示为方块的问题
11         matplotlib.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus‘] = False
12 
13     # 绘制饼状图清除type值为零，同时设置颜色（相同的类型相同的颜色）
14     def clear_zeroData(self, keys, values):
15         colors = [‘yellow‘, ‘green‘, ‘red‘, ‘blue‘, ‘black‘, ‘purple‘, ‘pink‘, ‘brown‘, ‘grey‘, ‘yellow‘, ‘green‘, ‘red‘, ‘blue‘, ‘black‘, ‘purple‘, ‘pink‘, ‘brown‘, ‘grey‘, ‘yellow‘, ‘green‘, ‘red‘, ‘blue‘, ‘black‘, ‘purple‘, ‘pink‘, ‘brown‘, ‘grey‘]
16         keys_list = []
17         values_list = []
18         colors_list = []
19         for i in range(0, len(keys)):
20             if values[i] != 0:
21                 keys_list.append(keys[i])
22                 values_list.append(values[i])
23                 colors_list.append(colors[i])
24         return (keys_list,values_list,colors_list)
25 
26     # 绘制折线图
27     def get_plot(self, key_list, value_list, actor):
28         index = np.arange(len(key_list))
29         # 设置画板大小
30         plt.figure(figsize=(9,9))
31         # 设置条状图标题
32         plt.title(actor+‘电影类型分布折线图‘)
33         plt.xticks(index, key_list)
34         plt.grid(True)
35         plt.plot(index,value_list)
36         # 保存成图片
37         plt.savefig(‘images/plot/‘ + actor + ‘.png‘)
38         plt.close()
39 
40     # 绘制条状图
41     def get_bar(self, key_list, value_list, actor):
42         index = np.arange(len(key_list))
43         # 设置画板大小
44         plt.figure(figsize=(9,9))
45         # 设置条状图标题
46         plt.title(actor + ‘电影类型分布直方图‘)
47         plt.bar(index, value_list, 0.5)
48         plt.xticks(index, key_list)
49         plt.grid(True)
50         plt.savefig(‘images/bar/‘ + actor + ‘.png‘)
51         # 关闭图
52         plt.close()
53 
54     # 绘制饼状图
55     def get_pie(self, key_list, value_list, actor):
56         # 调用绘制饼状图清除type值为零，同时设置颜色函数
57         types_no_zero = self.clear_zeroData(key_list,value_list)
58         keys = types_no_zero[0]
59         values = types_no_zero[1]
60         colors = types_no_zero[2]
61         # 设置标题
62         plt.title(actor + ‘电影类型分布饼状图‘)
63         plt.pie(values, labels=keys, colors=colors,shadow=True, autopct=‘%1.1f%%‘)
64         plt.axis(‘equal‘)
65         plt.savefig(‘images/pie/‘ + actor + ‘.png‘)
66         # 关闭图
67         plt.close()

test.py测试：

 1 from DrawHelper import DrawHelper
 2 
 3 types = ([‘剧情‘, ‘喜剧‘, ‘爱情‘, ‘动作‘, ‘犯罪‘, ‘武侠‘, ‘悬疑‘, ‘古装‘, ‘科幻‘, ‘惊悚‘, ‘奇幻‘, ‘恐怖‘, ‘鬼怪‘, ‘冒险‘, ‘家庭‘, ‘运动‘, ‘西部‘, ‘传记‘, ‘歌舞‘, ‘历史‘, ‘同性‘], [11, 2, 3, 8, 10, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
 4 keys = types[0]
 5 values = types[1]
 6 actor = ‘刘德华‘
 7 DrawHelper().get_bar(keys,values,actor)
 8 DrawHelper().get_pie(keys,values,actor)
 9 DrawHelper().get_plot(keys,values,actor)
10 print("OK")

截图：