KVM虚拟机管理和配置

Posted 2023-03-18 shuangmu668

4.KVM虚拟机管理和配置

4.1KVM虚拟机管理命令

# virsh list 列出正在运⾏的虚拟机 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh list 
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 1     web02                          running
 2     web01                          running

# virsh list --all 列出所有虚拟机（关闭和运⾏的虚拟机）
[root@localhost opt]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 1     web02                          running
 2     web01                          running

# virsh start 虚拟机名称 启动虚拟机 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh start web01
Domain web01 started

# virsh dominfo 虚拟机名称 查看虚拟机配置信息
[root@localhost opt]# virsh dominfo web02
Id:             1
Name:           web02
UUID:           e2835286-4a2b-4812-a970-b2fa0f85d5b3
OS Type:        hvm
State:          running
CPU(s):         1
CPU time:       52.8s
Max memory:     1048576 KiB
Used memory:    1048576 KiB
Persistent:     yes
Autostart:      disable
Managed save:   no
Security model: selinux
Security DOI:   0
Security label: system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c546,c552 (enforcing)

# virsh domblklist 虚拟机名称 查看虚拟机磁盘信息 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh domblklist web02
Target     Source
------------------------------------------------
vda        /opt/web01-vda.raw
hda        /opt/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso

# virsh domiflist 虚拟机名称 查看虚拟机⽹卡 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh domiflist web02
Interface  Type       Source     Model       MAC
-------------------------------------------------------
vnet0      network    default    virtio      52:54:00:43:77:f4

# virsh shutdown 虚拟机名称 关闭虚拟机 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh shutdown web02
Domain web02 is being shutdown

# virsh destroy 虚拟机名称 拔电源关机（很少⽤） 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh destroy web01
Domain web01 destroyed

# virsh reboot 虚拟机名称 重启虚拟机 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh reboot web02
error: Failed to reboot domain web02
error: Requested operation is not valid: domain is not running

# virsh dumpxml 虚拟机名称 以xml格式查看虚拟机 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh dumpxml web02
<domain type=\'kvm\'>
  <name>web02</name>
  <uuid>e2835286-4a2b-4812-a970-b2fa0f85d5b3</uuid>
  <memory unit=\'KiB\'>1048576</memory>
  <currentMemory unit=\'KiB\'>1048576</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement=\'static\'>1</vcpu>
  <os>
    <type arch=\'x86_64\' machine=\'pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0\'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev=\'hd\'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode=\'custom\' match=\'exact\' check=\'partial\'>
    <model fallback=\'allow\'>Broadwell-noTSX-IBRS</model>
    <feature policy=\'require\' name=\'md-clear\'/>
    <feature policy=\'require\' name=\'spec-ctrl\'/>
    <feature policy=\'require\' name=\'ssbd\'/>
  </cpu>
  <clock offset=\'utc\'>
    <timer name=\'rtc\' tickpolicy=\'catchup\'/>
    <timer name=\'pit\' tickpolicy=\'delay\'/>
    <timer name=\'hpet\' present=\'no\'/>
  </clock>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled=\'no\'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled=\'no\'/>
  </pm>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
    <disk type=\'file\' device=\'disk\'>
      <driver name=\'qemu\' type=\'raw\'/>
      <source file=\'/opt/web01-vda.raw\'/>
      <target dev=\'vda\' bus=\'virtio\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x06\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </disk>
    <disk type=\'file\' device=\'cdrom\'>
      <driver name=\'qemu\' type=\'raw\'/>
      <target dev=\'hda\' bus=\'ide\'/>
      <readonly/>
      <address type=\'drive\' controller=\'0\' bus=\'0\' target=\'0\' unit=\'0\'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-ehci1\'>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x7\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci1\'>
      <master startport=\'0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x0\' multifunction=\'on\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci2\'>
      <master startport=\'2\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x1\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci3\'>
      <master startport=\'4\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x2\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'pci\' index=\'0\' model=\'pci-root\'/>
    <controller type=\'ide\' index=\'0\'>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x01\' function=\'0x1\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'virtio-serial\' index=\'0\'>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x05\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type=\'network\'>
      <mac address=\'52:54:00:43:77:f4\'/>
      <source network=\'default\'/>
      <model type=\'virtio\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x03\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type=\'pty\'>
      <target type=\'isa-serial\' port=\'0\'>
        <model name=\'isa-serial\'/>
      </target>
    </serial>
    <console type=\'pty\'>
      <target type=\'serial\' port=\'0\'/>
    </console>
    <channel type=\'unix\'>
      <target type=\'virtio\' name=\'org.qemu.guest_agent.0\'/>
      <address type=\'virtio-serial\' controller=\'0\' bus=\'0\' port=\'1\'/>
    </channel>
    <input type=\'tablet\' bus=\'usb\'>
      <address type=\'usb\' bus=\'0\' port=\'1\'/>
    </input>
    <input type=\'mouse\' bus=\'ps2\'/>
    <input type=\'keyboard\' bus=\'ps2\'/>
    <graphics type=\'vnc\' port=\'-1\' autoport=\'yes\' listen=\'0.0.0.0\'>
      <listen type=\'address\' address=\'0.0.0.0\'/>
    </graphics>
    <video>
      <model type=\'cirrus\' vram=\'16384\' heads=\'1\' primary=\'yes\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x02\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </video>
    <memballoon model=\'virtio\'>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x07\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
</domain>

# virsh undefine 虚拟机名称 删除虚拟机⽂件（不会删除磁盘⽂件） 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh undefine web02
Domain web02 has been undefined

# virsh define ⽂件名 导⼊虚拟机 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh define web02_bak.xml1
Domain web02 defined from web02_bak.xml1

# virsh edit 虚拟机名称 编译虚拟机器配置（⾃带语法检测） 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh edit web02

<domain type=\'kvm\'>
  <name>web02</name>
  <uuid>e2835286-4a2b-4812-a970-b2fa0f85d5b3</uuid>
  <memory unit=\'KiB\'>1048576</memory>
  <currentMemory unit=\'KiB\'>1048576</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement=\'static\'>1</vcpu>
  <os>
    <type arch=\'x86_64\' machine=\'pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0\'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev=\'hd\'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode=\'custom\' match=\'exact\' check=\'partial\'>
    <model fallback=\'allow\'>Broadwell-noTSX-IBRS</model>
    <feature policy=\'require\' name=\'md-clear\'/>
    <feature policy=\'require\' name=\'spec-ctrl\'/>
    <feature policy=\'require\' name=\'ssbd\'/>
  </cpu>
  <clock offset=\'utc\'>
    <timer name=\'rtc\' tickpolicy=\'catchup\'/>
    <timer name=\'pit\' tickpolicy=\'delay\'/>
    <timer name=\'hpet\' present=\'no\'/>
  </clock>

# virsh console 虚拟机名称 连接虚拟机 
[root@localhost ~]# virsh console web01
Connected to domain web01
Escape character is ^]
^]
CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
Kernel 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64

localhost login: root
密码：
Last login: Mon Feb 20 16:19:06 on :0

# virsh domrename 旧名称 新名称 虚拟机重命名 
[root@localhost opt]# virsh domrename web02 web2
Domain successfully renamed

# virsh vncdisplay 虚拟机名称 查看虚拟机VNC端⼝ 
[root@localhost ~]# virsh vncdisplay web2
:0

# virsh autostart 虚拟机名称 虚拟机随机⾃启 
[root@localhost ~]# virsh autostart web2
Domain web2 marked as autostarted

# virsh autostart --disable 虚拟机名称 取消随机⾃启
[root@localhost ~]# virsh autostart --disable web2
Domain web2 unmarked as autostarted

# virsh console 虚拟机名称 进⼊虚拟机控制台
[root@localhost ~]# virsh console web01
Connected to domain web01
Escape character is ^]
^]
CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
Kernel 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64

localhost login: root
密码：
Last login: Mon Feb 20 16:19:06 on :0