读取属性配置文件的五种方式
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读取属性配置文件的五种方式
读取属性配置文件的五种方式
- @Value
- @ConfigurationProperties
- @PropertySource + @Value
- @PropertySource + ConfigurationProperties
- org.springframework.core.env.Environment
读取属性配置的示例
属性配置文件
application.properties
#服务端口号
server.port=9424
# redis配置
# Redis数据库索引(默认为0)
spring.redis.database=0
# Redis服务器地址
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
# Redis服务器连接端口
spring.redis.port=6379
# Redis服务器连接密码(默认为空)
spring.redis.password=
demo.properties
demo.name=huang
demo.sex=1
demo.type=demo
方式一:使用注解@Value读取属性配置
package com.huang.pims.demo.props;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class ReadByValue
@Value("$server.port")
private int serverPort;
@Override
public String toString()
return "ReadByValue" +
"serverPort=" + serverPort +
'';
使用此种方式,如无其他需求,可不写setter、getter方法。
方式二:使用注解@ConfigurationProperties读取属性配置
package com.huang.pims.demo.props;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis")
public class ReadByConfigurationProperties
private int database;
private String host;
private String password;
private int port;
public void setDatabase(int database)
this.database = database;
public void setHost(String host)
this.host = host;
public void setPassword(String password)
this.password = password;
public void setPort(int port)
this.port = port;
public int getDatabase()
return database;
public int getPort()
return port;
public String getHost()
return host;
public String getPassword()
return password;
@Override
public String toString()
return "ReadByConfigurationProperties" +
"database=" + database +
", host='" + host + '\\'' +
", password='" + password + '\\'' +
", port=" + port +
'';
使用此种方式,必须要有成员变量的setter、getter方法。
方式三:使用注解 @PropertySource 和 @Value 来读取属性配置
package com.huang.pims.demo.props;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@PropertySource(value = "demo/props/demo.properties")
public class ReadByPropertySourceAndValue
@Value("$demo.name")
private String name;
@Value("$demo.sex")
private int sex;
@Value("$demo.type")
private String type;
@Override
public String toString()
return "ReadByPropertySourceAndValue" +
"name='" + name + '\\'' +
", sex=" + sex +
", type='" + type + '\\'' +
'';
使用@PropertySource注解读取属性配置,该种方式不支持读取yml配置文件
方式四:使用注解 @PropertySource 和 @ConfigurationProperties 来读取属性配置
package com.huang.pims.demo.props;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@PropertySource(value = "demo/props/demo.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "demo")
public class ReadByPropertySourceAndConfProperties
private String name;
private int sex;
private String type;
public void setName(String name)
this.name = name;
public void setSex(int sex)
this.sex = sex;
public void setType(String type)
this.type = type;
public String getName()
return name;
public int getSex()
return sex;
public String getType()
return type;
@Override
public String toString()
return "ReadByPropertySourceAndConfProperties" +
"name='" + name + '\\'' +
", sex=" + sex +
", type='" + type + '\\'' +
'';
方式五:使用环境变量 Environment 读取属性配置
package com.huang.pims.demo.props;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class ReadByEnv
@Autowired
private Environment environment;
public String getServerPort()
return environment.getProperty("server.port");
测试类和测试结果
package com.huang.pims.demo.runners;
import com.huang.pims.demo.props.*;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class OutputPropsRunner implements CommandLineRunner
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OutputPropsRunner.class);
@Autowired
private ReadByValue readByValue;
@Autowired
private ReadByConfigurationProperties readByConfigurationProperties;
@Autowired
private ReadByPropertySourceAndValue readByPropertySourceAndValue;
@Autowired
private ReadByPropertySourceAndConfProperties readByPropertySourceAndConfProperties;
@Autowired
private ReadByEnv readByEnv;
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception
LOGGER.info(readByValue.toString());
LOGGER.info(readByConfigurationProperties.toString());
LOGGER.info(readByPropertySourceAndValue.toString());
LOGGER.info(readByPropertySourceAndConfProperties.toString());
LOGGER.info(readByEnv.getServerPort());
测试方法,启动项目即可看到效果。
从截图中可以看出,需要读取的属性配置,都已经成功读取出来了。
结语
本文转载自网上的博客读取属性配置文件的五种方式,对属性配置文件的常用读取方式做了个总结,总结的比较全面,所以这里进行转载,一方面提供给需要的朋友查看,一方面给自己做个记录,谢谢。
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