[Go关于网络请求] net/http库
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文章目录
带参数的GET请求
client端
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
)
func main()
apiUrl := "http://127.0.0.1:8081/json"
// data用于构建url的参数,url.Values底层是一个map
data := url.Values
//data.Set("name", "小王子")
data.Set("age", "18")
u, err := url.ParseRequestURI(apiUrl) //把字符串转化为url对象
if err != nil
fmt.Printf("parse url requestUrl failed, err:%v\\n", err)
u.RawQuery = data.Encode() // 把所有参数用&连起来,并解析掉特殊符号(中文等)
resp, err := http.Get(u.String())
if err != nil
fmt.Printf("post failed, err:%v\\n", err)
return
defer resp.Body.Close()
b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil
fmt.Printf("get resp failed, err:%v\\n", err)
return
fmt.Println(string(b))
server端
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)
func main()
r := gin.Default()
r.GET("/json",func(c *gin.Context)
name := c.Query("name")
age := c.Query("age")
if name==""
name = "参数内没有name"
if age==""
age = "参数内没有age"
c.JSON(200,gin.H
"name":name,
"age":age,
)
)
r.Run(":8081")
带参数的POST请求
client端
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main()
URL := "http://127.0.0.1:8081/json"
contentType := "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
data := url.Values
data.Set( "name","cl" )
data.Add( "age","18" )
resp, err := http.Post(URL, contentType, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
if err != nil
fmt.Printf("post failed, err:%v\\n", err)
return
defer resp.Body.Close()
b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil
fmt.Printf("get resp failed, err:%v\\n", err)
return
fmt.Println(string(b))
server端
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)
func main()
r := gin.Default()
r.POST("/json",func(c *gin.Context)
name := c.PostForm("name")
age := c.PostForm("age")
if name==""
name = "参数内没有name"
if age==""
age = "参数内没有age"
c.JSON(200,gin.H
"name":name,
"age":age,
)
)
r.Run(":8081")
http.client的使用
如果牵涉到设置请求头信息,处理跨域之类的配置,就需要使用到http.client了
设置请求头字段
下面是一个请求百度的例子
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"net/http"
)
func main()
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://www.baidu.com/", nil)
if err != nil
log.Fatal(err)
req.Header.Add("User-Agent", "gwy test user agent")
//2.client
client := &http.Client
resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil
log.Fatal(err)
//3.body
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
resp.Body.Close()
if err != nil
log.Fatal(err)
fmt.Println("body:%v", string(body))
设置重定向策略
通过设置client对象的CheckRedirect,可以在重定向之前先做一些其他的操作
server端
package main
import (
"log"
"net/http"
)
func main()
helloHandler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
w.Header().Set("Location", "http://127.0.0.1:8088/hello")
w.WriteHeader(302)
http.HandleFunc("/test", helloHandler)
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8087", nil))
client端口
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"net/http"
)
func Redirect302(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error
fmt.Println("---------url:", req.URL.Host)
fmt.Println("---------url:", req.URL.Path)
fmt.Println("---------url:", req.URL.Opaque)
//req.URL.Host = "www.baidu.com"
//req.URL.Path = "/"
return nil
func main()
//1.request
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8087/test", nil)
if err != nil
log.Fatal(err)
req.Header.Add("User-Agent", "gwy test user agent")
//2.client
client := &http.Client
CheckRedirect: Redirect302,
resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil
log.Fatal(err)
fmt.Println("status_code:", resp.StatusCode)
//3.body
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
resp.Body.Close()
if err != nil
log.Fatal(err)
fmt.Println("body:", string(body))
使用http.client, POST携带JSON数据&接收
client端
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
type User struct
Name string `json:"name"`
Age int `json:"age"`
func main()
client := &http.Client
user := User "cl",20
mm,_ := json.Marshal(user)
req,_ := http.NewRequest("POST","http://127.0.0.1:8088/json",bytes.NewReader(mm) )
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
//req.Header.Set("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
resp,err := client.Do( req )
if err != nil
fmt.Println( err.Error() )
return
msg,_ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println( string(msg) )
server端
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)
type User struct
Name string `json:"name"`
Age int `json:"age"`
func main()
r := gin.Default()
r.POST("/json",func(c *gin.Context)
var user User
c.ShouldBindJSON( &user )
name := c.Query("name")
age := c.Query("age")
fmt.Printf("%+v\\n",user )
fmt.Printf( "name = %v, age = %v\\n", name, age )
if name==""
name = "参数内没有name"
if age==""
age = "参数内没有age"
c.JSON(200,gin.H
"name":name,
"age":age,
)
)
r.Run(":8088")
跳过证书检测&使用http2.0协议
通过设置Transport来设置,本次请求不校验服务端的证书
httpCli = &http.Client
Transport: &http.Transport
ForceAttemptHTTP2: true, //使用http2.0
TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config
InsecureSkipVerify: true, //接收任何证书
,
,
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