iOS开发底层之KVO探索下 -18
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文章目录
# 前言
提示:本章主要讲自定义KVO 和 优秀的第三方KVO
一、自定义KVO
思路如下:
1. 新建一个分类,名称为:NSOBject+MyKVO, 仿照系统KVO的方法写, 基本代码如下:
// Block回调
typedef void(^MYKVOBlock)(id observer,NSString *keyPath,id oldValue,id newValue);
@interface NSObject (MyKVO)
- (void)my_addObserver:(NSObject *)observer forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath block:(MYKVOBlock)block;
- (void)my_removeObserver:(NSObject *)observer forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath;
@end
2. 监听的keyPath,是否存在setter方法,不让成员变量也能进行kvo.
#pragma mark - 验证是否存在setter方法
- (void)judgeSetterMethodFromKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
Class superClass = object_getClass(self);
SEL setterSeletor = NSSelectorFromString(setterForGetter(keyPath));
Method setterMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(superClass, setterSeletor);
if (!setterMethod)
@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:NSInvalidArgumentException reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"没有当前%@的setter方法",keyPath] userInfo:nil];
3. 动态生成子类, 然后isa 执行这个新的类。
// 1: 动态生成子类
Class newClass = [self createChildClassWithKeyPath:keyPath];
// 2: isa的指向 : 新的类。
object_setClass(self, newClass);
// 动态生成子类方法
/*
1. 根据类名, 进行派生新的类。
1.1 根据类名+我们自定义的KVO类前缀, 生成class ,判断是否存在,存在就直接返回
1.2 没有存在,就开辟空间。
2. 创建好新类后,进行其他必要操作。
2.1 : 注册类
2.2 : 添加class
2.3 : 添加setter , 发送通知
2.4 : 添加dealloc : 后续实现了自动dealloc,不用手动销毁。
*/
- (Class)createChildClassWithKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
NSString *oldClassName = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
// 1.1
NSString *newClassName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",kMYKVOPrefix,oldClassName];
Class newClass = NSClassFromString(newClassName);
// 防止重复创建生成新类
if (newClass) return newClass;
/**
* 如果内存不存在,创建生成
* 参数一: 父类
* 参数二: 新类的名字
* 参数三: 新类的开辟的额外空间
*/
// 1.2 : 申请类
newClass = objc_allocateClassPair([self class], newClassName.UTF8String, 0);
// 2.1 : 注册类
objc_registerClassPair(newClass);
// 2.2 : 添加class :
SEL classSEL = NSSelectorFromString(@"class");
Method classMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], classSEL);
const char *classTypes = method_getTypeEncoding(classMethod);
class_addMethod(newClass, classSEL, (IMP)zgr_class, classTypes);
// 2.3 : 添加setter
SEL setterSEL = NSSelectorFromString(setterForGetter(keyPath));
Method setterMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], setterSEL);
const char *setterTypes = method_getTypeEncoding(setterMethod);
class_addMethod(newClass, setterSEL, (IMP)zgr_setter, setterTypes);
// 2.4 : 添加dealloc
SEL deallocSEL = NSSelectorFromString(@"dealloc");
Method deallocMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], deallocSEL);
const char *deallocTypes = method_getTypeEncoding(deallocMethod);
class_addMethod(newClass, deallocSEL, (IMP)zgr_dealloc, deallocTypes);
return newClass;
static void zgr_dealloc(id self,SEL _cmd)
// Class superClass = [self class];
// object_setClass(self, superClass);
//
static void zgr_setter(id self,SEL _cmd,id newValue)
NSLog(@"来了:%@",newValue);
NSString *keyPath = getterForSetter(NSStringFromSelector(_cmd));
id oldValue = [self valueForKey:keyPath];
// 4: 消息转发 : 转发给父类
// 改变父类的值 --- 可以强制类型转换
void (*zgr_msgSendSuper)(void *,SEL , id) = (void *)objc_msgSendSuper;
// void /* struct objc_super *super, SEL op, ... */
struct objc_super superStruct =
.receiver = self,
.super_class = class_getSuperclass(object_getClass(self)),
;
//objc_msgSendSuper(&superStruct,_cmd,newValue)
zgr_msgSendSuper(&superStruct,_cmd,newValue);
// 5: 信息数据回调
NSMutableArray *mArray = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey));
for (MyInfo *info in mArray)
if ([info.keyPath isEqualToString:keyPath] && info.handleBlock)
info.handleBlock(info.observer, keyPath, oldValue, newValue);
Class zgr_class(id self,SEL _cmd)
return class_getSuperclass(object_getClass(self));
#pragma mark - 从get方法获取set方法的名称 key ===>>> setKey:
static NSString *setterForGetter(NSString *getter)
if (getter.length <= 0) return nil;
NSString *firstString = [[getter substringToIndex:1] uppercaseString];
NSString *leaveString = [getter substringFromIndex:1];
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"set%@%@:",firstString,leaveString];
#pragma mark - 从set方法获取getter方法的名称 set<Key>:===> key
static NSString *getterForSetter(NSString *setter)
if (setter.length <= 0 || ![setter hasPrefix:@"set"] || ![setter hasSuffix:@":"]) return nil;
NSRange range = NSMakeRange(3, setter.length-4);
NSString *getter = [setter substringWithRange:range];
NSString *firstString = [[getter substringToIndex:1] lowercaseString];
return [getter stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1) withString:firstString];
4. 生成派生类后,我们将isa指向派生类。
// isa的指向派生类
object_setClass(self, newClass);
- 我们需要在添加观察者的入口处,对所有的访问者进行保存, 后续需要进行释放。
MyInfo *info = [[MyInfo alloc] initWitObserver:observer forKeyPath:keyPath handleBlock:block];
NSMutableArray *mArray = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey));
if (!mArray)
mArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey), mArray, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[mArray addObject:info];
// MyInfo类的内容如下
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "NSObject+MyKVO.h"
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
static NSString *const kMYKVOPrefix = @"MYKVONotifying_";
static NSString *const kMYKVOAssiociateKey = @"kMYKVO_AssiociateKey";
@interface MyInfo : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, weak) NSObject *observer;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *keyPath;
@property (nonatomic, copy) MYKVOBlock handleBlock;
- (instancetype)initWitObserver:(NSObject *)observer forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath handleBlock:(MYKVOBlock)block;
@end
@implementation MyInfo
- (instancetype)initWitObserver:(NSObject *)observer forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath handleBlock:(MYKVOBlock)block
if (self=[super init])
_observer = observer;
_keyPath = keyPath;
_handleBlock = block;
return self;
@end
5. 类中对外的kvo入口方法与销毁方法如下:
// 具体的实现在上面, 这里是串联起来。
- (void)my_addObserver:(NSObject *)observer forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath block:(MYKVOBlock)block
// 1: 验证是否存在setter方法 : 不让实例进来
[self judgeSetterMethodFromKeyPath:keyPath];
// 2: 动态生成子类
Class newClass = [self createChildClassWithKeyPath:keyPath];
// 3: isa的指向心类
object_setClass(self, newClass);
// 4: 保存信息
MyInfo *info = [[MyInfo alloc] initWitObserver:observer forKeyPath:keyPath handleBlock:block];
NSMutableArray *mArray = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey));
if (!mArray)
mArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey), mArray, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[mArray addObject:info];
// 观察者的移除
- (void)my_removeObserver:(NSObject *)observer forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
// 通过关联对象 获取保存的观察者数组。
NSMutableArray *observerArr = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey));
if (observerArr.count<=0)
return;
for (MyInfo *info in observerArr)
// 通一个keypath
if ([info.keyPath isEqualToString:keyPath])
[observerArr removeObject:info];
// 保存剩下的观察者数组。
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, (__bridge const void * _Nonnull)(kMYKVOAssiociateKey), observerArr, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
break;
// 如果观察者数组为零,就可以把isa还原成原类。
if (observerArr.count<=0)
// 指回给父类
Class superClass = [self class];
object_setClass(self, superClass);
6. 使用method swizzle处理观察者销毁。
+ (BOOL)zgr_hookOrigInstanceMenthod:(SEL)oriSEL newInstanceMenthod:(SEL)swizzledSEL
Class cls = self;
Method oriMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(cls, oriSEL);
Method swiMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(cls, swizzledSEL);
// 交换方法是否实现
if (!swiMethod)
return NO;
// 如果原类没有实现dealloc方法,就进行添加对应方法,反之崩溃。
if (!oriMethod)
class_addMethod(cls, oriSEL, method_getImplementation(swiMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(swiMethod));
method_setImplementation(swiMethod, imp_implementationWithBlock(^(id self, SEL _cmd) ));
// 这个方法只是做判断。
BOOL didAddMethod = class_addMethod(cls, oriSEL, method_getImplementation(swiMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(swiMethod));
// 如果是 true 说明类中是没有实现这个方法的。 反之,则原类有这个方法
if (didAddMethod)
// 方法进行交换。
class_replaceMethod(cls, swizzledSEL, method_getImplementation(oriMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(oriMethod));
else
// 既然原类已经实现了,直接对方法进行交换。
method_exchangeImplementations(oriMethod, swiMethod);
return YES;
+ (void)load
// 让这个方法只调用一次。
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^
[self zgr_hookOrigInstanceMenthod:NSSelectorFromString(@"dealloc") newInstanceMenthod:@selector(myDealloc)];
);
- (void)myDealloc
// 还原isa .
Class superClass = [self class];
object_setClass(self, superClass);
[self myDealloc];
二、KVO框架
1. FBKVOController探索
1.1 : 基本使用
// 普通属性监听
[self.kvoCtrl observe:self.person keyPath:@"age" options:0 action:@selector(lg_observerAge)];
// 普通属性, block回调
[self.kvoCtrl observe:self.person keyPath:@"name" options:(NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew) block:^(id _Nullable observer, id _Nonnull object, NSDictionary<NSString *,id> * _Nonnull change)
NSLog(@"****%@****",change);
];
// 数组属性, block回调。
[self.kvoCtrl observe:self.person keyPath:@"mArray" options:(NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew) block:^(id _Nullable observer, id _Nonnull object, NSDictionary<NSString *,id> * _Nonnull change)
NSLog(@"****%@****",change);
];
1.2 : kvo生命周期
#pragma mark - lazy
// 跟随着观察者,你销毁,我销毁,自动销毁做准备
- (FBKVOController *)kvoCtrl
if (!_kvoCtrl)
_kvoCtrl = [FBKVOController controllerWithObserver:self];
return _kvoCtrl;
1.3 :自动销毁设计
- (void)dealloc
[self unobserveAll];
pthread_mutex_destroy(&_lock);
// 移除所有的观察者, 生命周期跟着FBKVOController。
- (void)_unobserveAll
// lock
pthread_mutex_lock(&_lock);
NSMapTable *objectInfoMaps = [_objectInfosMap copy];
// clear table and map
[_objectInfosMap removeAllObjects];
// unlock
pthread_mutex_unlock(&_lock);
_FBKVOSharedController *shareController = [_FBKVOSharedController sharedController];
for (id object in objectInfoMaps)
// unobserve each registered object and infos
NSSet *infos = [objectInfoMaps objectForKey:object];
[shareController unobserve:object infos:infos];
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