CU4C字符集检测和转换，C++版本

Posted 2022-10-25 欣麒骥

1.ICUUC简介
ICU4C是ICU在C/C++平台下的版本, ICU(International Component for Unicode)是基于”IBM公共许可证”的，与开源组织合作研究的, 用于支持软件国际化的开源项目。ICU4C提供了C/C++平台强大的国际化开发能力，软件开发者几乎可以使用ICU4C解决任何国际化的问题，根据各地的风俗和语言习惯，实现对数字、货币、时间、日期、和消息的格式化、解析，对字符串进行大小写转换、整理、搜索和排序等功能，必须一提的是，ICU4C提供了强大的BIDI算法，对阿拉伯语等BIDI语言提供了完善的支持。

2.安装
2.1 在http://www.icu-project.org/download/4.2.html下载ICU4C库，我下载的是icu4c-49_1_2-src.tgz。
2.2 执行如下命令,安装成功：

tar -zxvf icu4c-49_1_2-src.tgz
cd icu/source
./configure
make
make install
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3.代码
3.1 myicu.h

#ifndef MYICU_H
#define MYICU_H
#include “unicode/utypes.h”
#include “unicode/ucsdet.h”
#include “unicode/ucnv.h”
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;

#define BUF_MAX 4096
class MyIcu
public:
MyIcu(const char* filename);
bool detectTextEncoding();
bool convertoUtf8();
int convert(const char *toConverterName, const char fromConverterName,
char target, int32_t targetCapacity, const char source, int32_t sourceLength);
~MyIcu();
private:
const char m_filename;
FILE file;
char detected;
;
#endif //MYICU_H
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3.2 myicu.cpp

#include “myicu.h”
const int BUFFSIZE=8192;
MyIcu::MyIcu(const char* filename):m_filename(filename)

MyIcu::~MyIcu()
fclose(file);
delete [] detected;

bool MyIcu::detectTextEncoding()
UCharsetDetector* csd;
const UCharsetMatch **csm;
UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
char buffer[BUFFSIZE];
int inputLength,match, matchCount = 0;
file = fopen(m_filename, “rb”);
if (file == NULL)
cout<<“open file error”<<endl;
return 0;

inputLength = (int32_t) fread(buffer, 1, BUFFSIZE, file);

csd = ucsdet_open(&status);
ucsdet_setText(csd, buffer,inputLength, &status);
csm = ucsdet_detectAll(csd, &matchCount, &status);
if(csm == NULL)
    ucsdet_close(csd);
    return 0;

detected = new char[128];

#if 0
for(match = 0; match < matchCount; match += 1)
const char *name = ucsdet_getName(csm[match], &status);
const char *lang = ucsdet_getLanguage(csm[match], &status);
int32_t confidence = ucsdet_getConfidence(csm[match], &status);

    if (lang == NULL || strlen(lang) == 0) 
        lang = "**";
    
    cout<<name <<"("<<lang<<")"<<confidence<<endl;

#endif
if(matchCount > 0)

detected = strdup(ucsdet_getName(csm[0], &status)); //分配了内存， 需要释放
if(status != U_ZERO_ERROR)
return false;

cout<<"charset = "<<detected<<endl;
ucsdet_close(csd);
return 1;

bool MyIcu::convertoUtf8()
file = fopen(m_filename, “rb”);
if(file == NULL)

cout<<“open file error”<<endl;
return 0;

int len = 0;  
//char *detected;  

char *buffer = new char[BUF_MAX];  
char *target = new char[BUF_MAX * 2];  

while(true)  
  
    memset(buffer, 0, BUF_MAX);  
    memset(target, 0, BUF_MAX * 2);  

    len = (int32_t)fread(buffer, sizeof(char), BUF_MAX, file);  

    if(detected == NULL)  
      
        if(!detectTextEncoding()) //编码探测  
            break;  
      

    //转换为utf8字符编码  
    if(convert("UTF-8", detected, target, BUF_MAX * 2, (const char*)buffer, len) != U_ZERO_ERROR)  
      
        cout<<"ucnv_convert error"<<endl;
        break;  
      

    cout<<target<<endl;//打印出转换的文件的字符串  

    if(len < BUF_MAX)  
        break;  
  

delete [] buffer;  
delete [] target;  

return 1;

int MyIcu::convert(const char *toConverterName, const char *fromConverterName,
char *target, int32_t targetCapacity, const char *source, int32_t sourceLength)

             UErrorCode error = U_ZERO_ERROR;  
            ucnv_convert(toConverterName, fromConverterName, target, targetCapacity,
                source, sourceLength, &error);  
              return error;

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3.3 main.cpp

#include “myicu.h”
#include

#include
#define BUF_MAX 4096

int main()
const char* filename = “123.txt”;
MyIcu myicu(filename);
//char* buff = new char[126];
bool flag = myicu.detectTextEncoding();
if(!flag)
std::cout<<“解析错误!”<<endl;

bool flag2 = myicu.convertoUtf8();
if(!flag2)
std::cout<<“转换错误!”<<endl;


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4编译
g++ -o target main.cpp myicu.cpp -licuuc -licui18n
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如果找不到icuuc和icui18n动态库的话，执行如下命令：

vim /etc/ld.so.conf
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将/usr/local/目录加进去,然后再

ldconfig
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就行了。

你们可以试下自己准备的文件。

参考文档：
http://icu-project.org/apiref/icu4c/index.html

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版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「扮猪吃饺子」的原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_28712713/article/details/77894404