Java在算法竞赛中的技巧（蓝桥杯备赛总结）
Posted Sr.浅河
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前言：笔者在这段时间准备蓝桥杯竞赛，由于个人原因选择Java作为语言，刷题中也是不断感到Java有些语法还是不够方便（非常羡慕隔壁C++的STL…），不过有些常见的技巧/方法/模板，也是自己做了些总结，十分之不全面，比完赛会继续完善…
！！！！！提交结果时记得检查有无不该加的头文件，主类名是否为Main！！！！！！
2.优化输入输出时间（快速IO模板）：
import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
public class Main
static InputReader in = new InputReader();
static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
/**
你的代码写在这里
(输入实例： int a = in.nextInt();)
*/
out.close(); //不关闭输出流的话，控制台会没有输出，所以一定要关，in最好也关，不过实测没有因为不关in出过问题
static class InputReader
private StringTokenizer st;
private BufferedReader bf;
public InputReader()
bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
st = null;
public String next() throws IOException
while(st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens())
st = new StringTokenizer(bf.readLine());
return st.nextToken();
public String nextLine() throws IOException
return bf.readLine();
public int nextInt() throws IOException
return Integer.parseInt(next());
public long nextLong() throws IOException
return Long.parseLong(next());
public double nextDouble() throws IOException
return Double.parseDouble(next());
public BigInteger nextBigInteger() throws IOException
return new BigInteger(next());
public BigDecimal nextBigDecimal() throws IOException
return new BigDecimal(next());
3.快速幂模板
long FastPower(long base, long power) //base是底数，power是幂数，result是结果
long result= 1;
while(power > 0)
if((power & 1) != 0)
result*= base;
power -= 1;
base *= base;
power >>= 1;
return result;
4.自定义类排序
例如：
public class Main
static class Point
double x;
double y;
public Point()
public Point(double x, double y)
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
public static double INF = 2 << 19;
static InputReader in;
static PrintWriter out;
public static int n;
public static double dist(Point a, Point b)
double aa = Math.pow(a.x - b.x, 2);
double bb = Math.pow(a.y - b.y, 2);
return Math.sqrt(aa + bb);
public static double merge(Point[] point, int left, int right)
double d = INF;
if(left >= right)
return d;
if(left + 1 == right)
return dist(point[left], point[right]);
int mid = (left + right) >> 1;
double d1 = merge(point, left, mid);
double d2 = merge(point, mid+1, right);
d = Math.min(d1, d2);
int i, j, k = 0;
ArrayList<Point> tem = new ArrayList<>();
for(i = left; i <= right; ++i)
if(Math.abs(point[mid].x - point[i].x) <= d)
tem.add(point[i]);
k++;
Collections.sort(tem, new Comparator<Point>()
@Override
public final int compare(Point pFirst, Point pSecond)
if(pFirst.y < pSecond.y)
return -1;
if(pFirst.y > pSecond.y)
return 1;
if(pFirst.x < pSecond.x)
return -1;
if(pFirst.x > pSecond.x)
return 1;
return 0;
);
for(i = 0; i < k; i++)
for(j = i + 1; j < k && (tem.get(j).y - tem.get(i).y) < d; j++)
double d3 = dist(tem.get(j), tem.get(i));
if(d3 < d) d = d3;
return d;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
in = new InputReader(System.in);
n = in.nextInt();
Point[] point = new Point[n];
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
double x = in.nextDouble();
double y = in.nextDouble();
point[i] = new Point(x, y);
Arrays.sort(point, new Comparator<Point>()
@Override
public int compare(Point pFirst, Point pSecond)
if(pFirst.x < pSecond.x)
return -1;
if(pFirst.x > pSecond.x)
return 1;
if(pFirst.y < pSecond.y)
return -1;
if(pFirst.y > pSecond.y)
return 1;
return 0;
);
System.out.printf("%.4f", merge(point, 0, n-1));
5.归并排序模板
void sort_change(int l,int mid,int r)
//排序部分，把大区间再次分成小区间排序
int k1=l,k2=mid+1,k=l;
//初始化三个指针，一个指左区间左端点，一个指右区间左端点，一个指最终答案区间的左端点
while(k1<=mid&&k2<=r)
if(a[k1]>a[k2])
temp[k]=a[k2];
k++,k2++;
else
temp[k]=a[k1];
k++,k1++;
//每次取两个区间中最小的数字加入答案,指针右移
while(k1<=mid)
temp[k]=a[k1];
k++,k1++;
//如果右区间的数字已经取完了，将左区间剩余数字按照一样从小到大的顺序放入答案
while(k2<=r)
temp[k]=a[k2];
k++,k2++;
//如果左区间的数字已经取完了，将右区间剩余数字按照一样从小到大的顺序放入答案
for(int i=l;i<=r;i++) a[i]=temp[i];//将储存答案的数组的值赋回原来的数组
void sort_re(int l,int r)
if(l>=r) return ;//如果该区间不满足条件，即左边在右边的右边，return
int mid=(l+r)/2;//二分思想
sort_re(l,mid);//给左子区间排序
sort_re(mid+1,r);//给右子区间排序
sort_change(l,mid,r);//保证左右子区间排列得整整齐齐之后，才能并起来
//将大区间化成小区间然后排序
6.Int, Integer等数组类型转换
int[] data = 1,2,3;
// int[]转List<Integer>
// Arrays.stream(data): int[] -> IntStream
// IntStream.boxed(): IntStream -> Stream<Integer>
// Stream<Integer>.collect(Collectors.toList()): Stream<Integer> -> List<Integer>
List<Integer> list1 = Arrays.stream(data).boxed().collect(Collectors.toList());
// int[]转Integer[]
Integer[] arr1 = Arrays.stream(data).boxed().toArray(Integer[]::new);
// List<Integer>转int[]
// Collection<Integer>.stream(): Collection<Integer> -> Stream<Integer>
// Stream<Integer>.mapToInt(Integer::intValue): Stream<Integer> -> IntStream
// IntStream.toArray(): IntStream -> int[]
int[] arr2 = list1.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).toArray();
// List<Integer>转Integer[]
Integer[] arr3 = list1.toArray(new Integer[0]);
// Integer[]转List<Integer>
List<Integer> list2 = Arrays.asList(arr3);
// Integer[]转int[]
int[] arr4 = Arrays.stream(arr1).mapToInt(Integer::valueOf).toArray();
7.sort降序排序
Integer[] arr=9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1;
Arrays.sort(arr,Collections.reverseOrder());
或
Integer[] arr=9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1;
Comparator cmp=new CMP();
Arrays.sort(arr,cmp);
class CMP implements Comparator<Integer>
@Override //可以去掉。作用是检查下面的方法名是不是父类中所有的
public int compare(Integer a,Integer b)
// 升序排序的话反过来就行
return b-a;
或
List<Integer> integersList = Ints.asList(array);
Collections.reverse(integersList);//冒泡交换
System.out.println("Guava降序输出：");
for (int num : integersList)
System.out.println(num);
或利用二维数组的自定义排序，如下：
int[][] arr = new int[3][2];
arr[0][0] = 5;
arr[0][1] = 3;
arr[1][0] = 1;
arr[1][1] = 4;
arr[2][0] = 6;
arr[2][1] = 2;
Arrays.sort(arr, new Comparator<int[]>()
public int compare(int[] a, int[] b)
return a[0]-b[0];
);
即按第一列升序排序：
1,4
5,3
6,2
8.高精度运算
1.valueOf(parament); 将参数转换为制定的类型
比如 int a=3;
BigInteger b=BigInteger.valueOf(a);
则b=3;
String s=”12345”;
BigInteger c=BigInteger.valueOf(s);
则c=12345；
2.add(); 大整数相加
BigInteger a=new BigInteger(“23”);
BigInteger b=new BigInteger(“34”);
a.add(b);
3.subtract(); 相减
4.multiply(); 相乘
5.divide(); 相除取整
6.remainder(); 取余
7.pow(); a.pow(b)=a^b
8.gcd(); 最大公约数
9.abs(); 绝对值
10.negate(《蓝桥杯备赛》CT117E嵌入式竞赛板LCD驱动库的使用（带完整源码）
声明：开发板为蓝桥杯CT117E Rev 1.1,资源只用于学习用途
1.蓝桥杯LCD驱动库（官方提供）
lcd.c
/*
程序说明: CT117E嵌入式竞赛板LCD驱动程序
软件环境: Keil uVision 4.10
硬件环境: CT117E嵌入式竞赛板
日 期: 2011-8-9
*/
#include "lcd.h"
#include "fonts.h"
static vu16 TextColor = 0x0000, BackColor = 0xFFFF;
vu16 dummy;
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : Delay_LCD
* Description : Inserts a delay time.
* Input : nCount: specifies the delay time length.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void Delay_LCD(u16 n)
u16 i,j;
for (i = 0;i<n;++i)
for(j=0;j<3000;++j);
/*
uC8230型液晶控制器寄存器配置
*/
void REG_8230_Init(void)
LCD_WriteReg(0x0000,0x0001);
Delay_LCD(1000);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0001,0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0010,0x1790);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0060,0x2700);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0061,0x0001);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0046,0x0002);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0013,0x8010);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0012,0x80fe);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0002,0x0500);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0003,0x1030);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0030,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0031,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0032,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0033,0x0300);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0034,0x0003);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0035,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0036,0x0014);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0037,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0038,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0039,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x003a,0x0300);
LCD_WriteReg(0x003b,0x0003);
LCD_WriteReg(0x003c,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x003d,0x1400);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0092,0x0200);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0093,0x0303);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0090,0x080d);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0003,0x1018);
LCD_WriteReg(0x0007,0x0173);
void REG_932X_Init(void)
LCD_WriteReg(R227, 0x3008); // Set internal timing
LCD_WriteReg(R231, 0x0012); // Set internal timing
LCD_WriteReg(R239, 0x1231); // Set internal timing
LCD_WriteReg(R1 , 0x0000); // set SS and SM bit //0x0100
LCD_WriteReg(R2 , 0x0700); // set 1 line inversion
LCD_WriteReg(R3 , 0x1030); // set GRAM write direction and BGR=1.
LCD_WriteReg(R4 , 0x0000); // Resize register
LCD_WriteReg(R8 , 0x0207); // set the back porch and front porch
LCD_WriteReg(R9 , 0x0000); // set non-display area refresh cycle ISC[3:0]
LCD_WriteReg(R10 , 0x0000); // FMARK function
LCD_WriteReg(R12 , 0x0000); // RGB interface setting
LCD_WriteReg(R13 , 0x0000); // Frame marker Position
LCD_WriteReg(R15 , 0x0000); // RGB interface polarity
/**************Power On sequence ****************/
LCD_WriteReg(R16 , 0x0000); // SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB
LCD_WriteReg(R17 , 0x0007); // DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0]
LCD_WriteReg(R18 , 0x0000); // VREG1OUT voltage
LCD_WriteReg(R19 , 0x0000); // VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude
Delay_LCD(1000); // Delay 200 MS , Dis-charge capacitor power voltage
LCD_WriteReg(R16 , 0x1690); // SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB
LCD_WriteReg(R17 , 0x0227); // R11H=0x0221 at VCI=3.3V, DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0]
Delay_LCD(50); // Delay XXms
LCD_WriteReg(R18 , 0x001D); // External reference voltage= Vci;
Delay_LCD(50); // Delay XXms
LCD_WriteReg(R19 , 0x0800); // R13H=1D00 when R12H=009D;VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude
LCD_WriteReg(R41 , 0x0014); // R29H=0013 when R12H=009D;VCM[5:0] for VCOMH
LCD_WriteReg(R43 , 0x000B); // Frame Rate = 96Hz
Delay_LCD(50); // Delay XXms
LCD_WriteReg(R32 , 0x0000); // GRAM horizontal Address
LCD_WriteReg(R33 , 0x0000); // GRAM Vertical Address
/* ----------- Adjust the Gamma Curve ---------- */
LCD_WriteReg(R48 , 0x0007);
LCD_WriteReg(R49 , 0x0707);
LCD_WriteReg(R50 , 0x0006);
LCD_WriteReg(R53 , 0x0704);
LCD_WriteReg(R54 , 0x1F04);
LCD_WriteReg(R55 , 0x0004);
LCD_WriteReg(R56 , 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R57 , 0x0706);
LCD_WriteReg(R60 , 0x0701);
LCD_WriteReg(R61 , 0x000F);
/* ------------------ Set GRAM area --------------- */
LCD_WriteReg(R80 , 0x0000); // Horizontal GRAM Start Address
LCD_WriteReg(R81 , 0x00EF); // Horizontal GRAM End Address
LCD_WriteReg(R82 , 0x0000); // Vertical GRAM Start Address
LCD_WriteReg(R83 , 0x013F); // Vertical GRAM Start Address
LCD_WriteReg(R96 , 0x2700); // Gate Scan Line 0xA700
LCD_WriteReg(R97 , 0x0001); // NDL,VLE, REV
LCD_WriteReg(R106, 0x0000); // set scrolling line
/* -------------- Partial Display Control --------- */
LCD_WriteReg(R128, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R129, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R130, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R131, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R132, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R133, 0x0000);
/* -------------- Panel Control ------------------- */
LCD_WriteReg(R144, 0x0010);
LCD_WriteReg(R146, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R147, 0x0003);
LCD_WriteReg(R149, 0x0110);
LCD_WriteReg(R151, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R152, 0x0000);
/* Set GRAM write direction and BGR = 1 */
/* I/D=01 (Horizontal : increment, Vertical : decrement) */
/* AM=1 (address is updated in vertical writing direction) */
LCD_WriteReg(R3 , 0x01018); //0x1018
LCD_WriteReg(R7 , 0x0173); // 262K color and display ON
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : STM3210B_LCD_Init
* Description : Initializes the LCD.
* Input : None
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void STM3210B_LCD_Init(void)
LCD_CtrlLinesConfig();
dummy = LCD_ReadReg(0);
if(dummy == 0x8230)
REG_8230_Init();
else
REG_932X_Init();
dummy = LCD_ReadReg(0);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_SetTextColor
* Description : Sets the Text color.
* Input : - Color: specifies the Text color code RGB(5-6-5).
* Output : - TextColor: Text color global variable used by LCD_DrawChar
* and LCD_DrawPicture functions.
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_SetTextColor(vu16 Color)
TextColor = Color;
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_SetBackColor
* Description : Sets the Background color.
* Input : - Color: specifies the Background color code RGB(5-6-5).
* Output : - BackColor: Background color global variable used by
* LCD_DrawChar and LCD_DrawPicture functions.
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_SetBackColor(vu16 Color)
BackColor = Color;
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_ClearLine
* Description : Clears the selected line.
* Input : - Line: the Line to be cleared.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* - Linex: where x can be 0..9
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_ClearLine(u8 Line)
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line, " ");
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_Clear
* Description : Clears the hole LCD.
* Input : Color: the color of the background.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_Clear(u16 Color)
u32 index = 0;
LCD_SetCursor(0x00, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(index = 0; index < 76800; index++)
LCD_WriteRAM(Color);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_SetCursor
* Description : Sets the cursor position.
* Input : - Xpos: specifies the X position.
* - Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_SetCursor(u8 Xpos, u16 Ypos)
LCD_WriteReg(R32, Xpos);
LCD_WriteReg(R33, Ypos);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_DrawChar
* Description : Draws a character on LCD.
* Input : - Xpos: the Line where to display the character shape.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* - Linex: where x can be 0..9
* - Ypos: start column address.
* - c: pointer to the character data.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_DrawChar(u8 Xpos, u16 Ypos, uc16 *c)
u32 index = 0, i = 0;
u8 Xaddress = 0;
Xaddress = Xpos;
LCD_SetCursor(Xaddress, Ypos);
for(index = 0; index < 24; index++)
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
if((c[index] & (1 << i)) == 0x00)
LCD_WriteRAM(BackColor);
else
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
Xaddress++;
LCD_SetCursor(Xaddress, Ypos);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_DisplayChar
* Description : Displays one character (16dots width, 24dots height).
* Input : - Line: the Line where to display the character shape .
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* - Linex: where x can be 0..9
* - Column: start column address.
* - Ascii: character ascii code, must be between 0x20 and 0x7E.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_DisplayChar(u8 Line, u16 Column, u8 Ascii)
Ascii -= 32;
LCD_DrawChar(Line, Column, &ASCII_Table[Ascii * 24]);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_DisplayStringLine
* Description : Displays a maximum of 20 char on the LCD.
* Input : - Line: the Line where to display the character shape .
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* - Linex: where x can be 0..9
* - *ptr: pointer to string to display on LCD.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_DisplayStringLine(u8 Line, u8 *ptr)
u32 i = 0;
u16 refcolumn = 319;//319;
while ((*ptr != 0) && (i < 20)) // 20
LCD_DisplayChar(Line, refcolumn, *ptr);
refcolumn -= 16;
ptr++;
i++;
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_SetDisplayWindow
* Description : Sets a display window
* Input : - Xpos: specifies the X buttom left position.
* - Ypos: specifies the Y buttom left position.
* - Height: display window height.
* - Width: display window width.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_SetDisplayWindow(u8 Xpos, u16 Ypos, u8 Height, u16 Width)
if(Xpos >= Height)
LCD_WriteReg(R80, (Xpos - Height + 1));
else
LCD_WriteReg(R80, 0);
LCD_WriteReg(R81, Xpos);
if(Ypos >= Width)
LCD_WriteReg(R82, (Ypos - Width + 1));
else
LCD_WriteReg(R82, 0);
/* Vertical GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(R83, Ypos);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_WindowModeDisable
* Description : Disables LCD Window mode.
* Input : None
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_WindowModeDisable(void)
LCD_SetDisplayWindow(239, 0x13F, 240, 320);
LCD_WriteReg(R3, 0x1018);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_DrawLine
* Description : Displays a line.
* Input : - Xpos: specifies the X position.
* - Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* - Length: line length.
* - Direction: line direction.
* This parameter can be one of the following values: Vertical
* or Horizontal.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_DrawLine(u8 Xpos, u16 Ypos, u16 Length, u8 Direction)
u32 i = 0;
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);
if(Direction == Horizontal)
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(i = 0; i < Length; i++)
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
else
for(i = 0; i < Length; i++)
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
Xpos++;
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_DrawRect
* Description : Displays a rectangle.
* Input : - Xpos: specifies the X position.
* - Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* - Height: display rectangle height.
* - Width: display rectangle width.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_DrawRect(u8 Xpos, u16 Ypos, u8 Height, u16 Width)
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, Ypos, Width, Horizontal);
LCD_DrawLine((Xpos + Height), Ypos, Width, Horizontal);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, Ypos, Height, Vertical);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, (Ypos - Width + 1), Height, Vertical);
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : LCD_DrawCircle
* Description : Displays a circle.
* Input : - Xpos: specifies the X position.
* - Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* - Height: display rectangle height.
* - Width: display rectangle width.
* Output : None
* Return : None
*******************************************************************************/
void LCD_DrawCircle(u8 Xpos, u16 Ypos, u16 Radius)
s32 D;
u32 CurX;
u32 CurY;
D = 3 - (Radius << 1);
CurX = 0;
CurY = Radius;
while (CurX <= CurY)
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurX, Ypos + CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurX, Ypos - CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurX, Ypos + CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurX, Ypos - CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurY, Ypos + CurX);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurY, Ypos - CurX);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurY,<以上是关于Java在算法竞赛中的技巧（蓝桥杯备赛总结）的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章