Docker-CE 安装 CentOS
Posted LiuJun2Son
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1.查看可用的 CentOS 版本
1.访问 CentOS 镜像库地址：https://hub.docker.com/_/centos?tab=tags&page=1。
点击右上角的：View Available Tags 之后便可以查看 CentOS 其他的版本
2.使用 docker 命令来查看 CentOS 其他的版本
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker search centos8
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
2233466866/centos8 https://hub.docker.com/r/2233466866/centos8 4
roboxes/centos8 A generic CentOS 8 base image. 2
sirajahamed/centos8 0
ecpe4s/centos8-spack 0
thinakar/centos8 centos8 core with net-utils, vim, sshuttle 0
nmstate/centos8-nmstate-dev 0
memiiso/centos8-java8python3docker centos8-java8python3docker 0
memiiso/centos8-java8python3 centos8 With java8 and python3 0
prestocpp/centos8-gcc9 0
wuykimpang/centos8-extended 0
memiiso/centos8-java8 centos8-java8 0
alekseychudov/centos8-systemd CentOS 8 based systemd image 0
sharpreflections/centos8-build CentOS8 with development tools 0
alazartech/centos8 0
ydli/centos8 centos8.2 with ansible-2.9.10, awscli-1.18.8… 0
hyperglance/centos8 0
anthrax/centos8 0
ecpe4s/centos8-x86_64 0
8378006361/centos8.2.2004 0
vglad/centos8 Based on official latest CentOS 8 image with… 0
loging/centos8-python37 centos8 + python3.7.5 0
krestomatio/centos8-minimal Testing a Centos 8 minimal container image l… 0
ecpe4s/centos8-base 0
x97epe/centos8_httpd_wp_host 0
x97epe/centos8_phpfpm
2.拉取指定版本的 CentOS 镜像
docker pull centos:latest // 拉取最新的版本
docker pull centos:centos7 // 拉取 centos7 版本
docker pull centos:centos8 // 拉取 centos8 版本
docker pull centos:centos8.2.2004 // 拉取 centos8.2.2004 版本
3.拉取最新版本的 CentOS 镜像
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker pull centos:latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
3c72a8ed6814: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:76d24f3ba3317fa945743bb3746fbaf3a0b752f10b10376960de01da70685fbd
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 0d120b6ccaa8 10 days ago 215MB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 7 months ago 13.3kB
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]#
4.运行容器
运行容器的命令
docker run -itd --name centos-test centos:latest
运行容器shell脚本
docker run \\
-it \\
--name centos-test \\
-d centos:latest
docker run -itd --name centos-test centos:latest
-i: 以交互模式运行容器，通常与 -t 同时使用；
-t: 为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与 -i 同时使用；
-d: 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID；
–name=“nginx-lb”: 为容器指定一个名称；
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 0d120b6ccaa8 10 days ago 215MB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 7 months ago 13.3kB
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker run -itd --name centos-test centos:latest
43da5cab96653c82f41a8738a9f0bbe55031333926ae13f107daf09394ae3a1c
5.查看已经运行的容器
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
43da5cab9665 centos:latest "/bin/bash" 8 seconds ago Up 8 seconds centos-test
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]#
6.停止运行中的容器
docker stop 容器ID
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
43da5cab9665 centos:latest "/bin/bash" 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes centos-test
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker stop 43da5cab9665
43da5cab9665
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]#
7.重启已停止的容器
docker start 容器ID
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker ps --all
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
43da5cab9665 centos:latest "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago centos-test
661f0fb866e5 hello-world "/hello" 53 minutes ago Exited (0) 53 minutes ago elated_hertz
7cadf3f486f9 hello-world "/hello" About an hour ago Exited (0) About an hour ago trusting_liskov
9e49c5da5e19 hello-world "/hello" About an hour ago Exited (0) About an hour ago epic_fermat
257d854e67ea hello-world "/hello" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago gracious_hugle
dabefc346703 hello-world "/hello" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago eloquent_easley
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker start 43da5cab9665
43da5cab9665
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
43da5cab9665 centos:latest "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Up 4 seconds centos-test
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]#
8.进入 CentOS 容器
通过 exec 命令进入 CentOS 容器
在容器 centos:latest 中开启一个交互模式的终端
docker exec -i -t centos-test /bin/bash
-i :即使没有附加也保持STDIN 打开
-t :分配一个伪终端
/bin/bash : 执行 bash
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker start centos-test
centos-test
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
43da5cab9665 centos:latest "/bin/bash" 22 minutes ago Up 2 seconds centos-test
[root@VM_0_6_centos docker]# docker exec -i -t centos-test /bin/bash
[root@43da5cab9665 /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@43da5cab9665 /]#
9.查看CentOS的版本
[root@43da5cab9665 /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.2.2004 (Core)
[root@43da5cab9665 /]#
执行： exit 推出 bash
10.将Centos镜像保存成 tar 归档文件
docker save -o centos8.tar centos:latest
-o :输出到的文件。
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# pwd
/var/lib/docker/images-bak
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 0d120b6ccaa8 10 days ago 215MB
hello-world latest bf756fb1ae65 7 months ago 13.3kB
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# docker save -o centos8.tar centos:latest
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# ls
centos8.tar
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]#
11.删除Centos镜像
删除本地镜像前，先停止该镜像在容器的运行
docker rmi -f centos:latest
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# docker rmi -f centos:latest
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:7f0a9f93b4aa3022c3a4c147a449bf11e0941a1fd0bf4a8e6c9408b2600777c5
Deleted: sha256:bf756fb1ae65adf866bd8c456593cd24beb6a0a061dedf42b26a993176745f6b
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]#
12.加载本地 centos8.tar 镜像
docker load --input centos8.tar
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# ls
centos8.tar
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# docker load --input centos8.tar
Loaded image: centos:latest
[root@VM_0_6_centos images-bak]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 0d120b6ccaa8 10 days ago 215MB
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