使用C#实现串口通讯,接受和控制单片机。

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最好有现成的源程序,加注释。

通常,在C#中实现串口通信,我们有四种方法:

第一:通过MSCOMM控件这是最简单的,最方便的方法。可功能上很难做到控制自如,同时这个控件并不是系统本身所带,所以还得注册。可以访问
http://www.devhood.com/tutorials/tutorial_details.aspx?tutorial_id=320
一个外国人写的教程
第二:微软在.NET新推出了一个串口控件,基于.NET的P/Invoke调用方法实现,详细的可以访问微软网站
Serial Comm
Use P/Invoke to Develop a .NET Base Class Library for Serial Device Communications

http://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/02/10/netserialcomm/
第三:就是用第三方控件啦,可一般都要付费的,不太合实际,何况楼主不喜欢,不作考虑
第四:自己用API写串口通信,这样难度高点,但对于我们来说,可以方便实现自己想要的各种功能。

我们采用第四种方法来实现串口通信,用现成的已经封装好的类库,常见两个串口操作类是JustinIO和SerialStreamReader。介绍JustinIO的使用方法:

打开串口:

函数原型:public void Open()

说明:打开事先设置好的端口

示例:

using JustinIO;

static JustinIO.CommPort ss_port = new JustinIO.CommPort();
ss_port.PortNum = COM1; //端口号
ss_port.BaudRate = 19200; //串口通信波特率
ss_port.ByteSize = 8; //数据位
ss_port.Parity = 0; //奇偶校验
ss_port.StopBits = 1;//停止位
ss_port.ReadTimeout = 1000; //读超时
try

if (ss_port.Opened)

ss_port.Close();
ss_port.Open(); //打开串口

else

ss_port.Open();//打开串口

return true;

catch(Exception e)

MessageBox.Show("错误:" + e.Message);
return false;


写串口:

函数原型:public void Write(byte[] WriteBytes)

WriteBytes 就是你的写入的字节,注意,字符串要转换成字节数组才能进行通信

示例:

ss_port.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("AT+CGMI\r")); //获取手机品牌

读串口:

函数原型:public byte[] Read(int NumBytes)

NumBytes 读入缓存数,注意读取来的是字节数组,要实际应用中要进行字符转换

示例:

string response = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(ss_port.Read(128)); //读取128个字节缓存

关闭串口:

函数原型:ss_port.Close()

示例:

ss_port.Close();

整合代码:
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace JustinIO
class CommPort

public int PortNum;
public int BaudRate;
public byte ByteSize;
public byte Parity; // 0-4=no,odd,even,mark,space
public byte StopBits; // 0,1,2 = 1, 1.5, 2
public int ReadTimeout;

//comm port win32 file handle
private int hComm = -1;

public bool Opened = false;

//win32 api constants
private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
private const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
private const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct DCB
//taken from c struct in platform sdk
public int DCBlength; // sizeof(DCB)
public int BaudRate; // current baud rate
/* these are the c struct bit fields, bit twiddle flag to set
public int fBinary; // binary mode, no EOF check
public int fParity; // enable parity checking
public int fOutxCtsFlow; // CTS output flow control
public int fOutxDsrFlow; // DSR output flow control
public int fDtrControl; // DTR flow control type
public int fDsrSensitivity; // DSR sensitivity
public int fTXContinueOnXoff; // XOFF continues Tx
public int fOutX; // XON/XOFF out flow control
public int fInX; // XON/XOFF in flow control
public int fErrorChar; // enable error replacement
public int fNull; // enable null stripping
public int fRtsControl; // RTS flow control
public int fAbortOnError; // abort on error
public int fDummy2; // reserved
*/
public uint flags;
public ushort wReserved; // not currently used
public ushort XonLim; // transmit XON threshold
public ushort XoffLim; // transmit XOFF threshold
public byte ByteSize; // number of bits/byte, 4-8
public byte Parity; // 0-4=no,odd,even,mark,space
public byte StopBits; // 0,1,2 = 1, 1.5, 2
public char XonChar; // Tx and Rx XON character
public char XoffChar; // Tx and Rx XOFF character
public char ErrorChar; // error replacement character
public char EofChar; // end of input character
public char EvtChar; // received event character
public ushort wReserved1; // reserved; do not use


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct COMMTIMEOUTS
public int ReadIntervalTimeout;
public int ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier;
public int ReadTotalTimeoutConstant;
public int WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier;
public int WriteTotalTimeoutConstant;


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct OVERLAPPED
public int Internal;
public int InternalHigh;
public int Offset;
public int OffsetHigh;
public int hEvent;


[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern int CreateFile(
string lpFileName, // file name
uint dwDesiredAccess, // access mode
int dwShareMode, // share mode
int lpSecurityAttributes, // SD
int dwCreationDisposition, // how to create
int dwFlagsAndAttributes, // file attributes
int hTemplateFile // handle to template file
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetCommState(
int hFile, // handle to communications device
ref DCB lpDCB // device-control block
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool BuildCommDCB(
string lpDef, // device-control string
ref DCB lpDCB // device-control block
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetCommState(
int hFile, // handle to communications device
ref DCB lpDCB // device-control block
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetCommTimeouts(
int hFile, // handle to comm device
ref COMMTIMEOUTS lpCommTimeouts // time-out values
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetCommTimeouts(
int hFile, // handle to comm device
ref COMMTIMEOUTS lpCommTimeouts // time-out values
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool ReadFile(
int hFile, // handle to file
byte[] lpBuffer, // data buffer
int nNumberOfBytesToRead, // number of bytes to read
ref int lpNumberOfBytesRead, // number of bytes read
ref OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped // overlapped buffer
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool WriteFile(
int hFile, // handle to file
byte[] lpBuffer, // data buffer
int nNumberOfBytesToWrite, // number of bytes to write
ref int lpNumberOfBytesWritten, // number of bytes written
ref OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped // overlapped buffer
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool CloseHandle(
int hObject // handle to object
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern uint GetLastError();

public void Open()

DCB dcbCommPort = new DCB();
COMMTIMEOUTS ctoCommPort = new COMMTIMEOUTS();

// OPEN THE COMM PORT.

hComm = CreateFile("COM" + PortNum ,GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,0, 0,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0);

// IF THE PORT CANNOT BE OPENED, BAIL OUT.
if(hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
throw(new ApplicationException("Comm Port Can Not Be Opened"));


// SET THE COMM TIMEOUTS.

GetCommTimeouts(hComm,ref ctoCommPort);
ctoCommPort.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = ReadTimeout;
ctoCommPort.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
ctoCommPort.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
ctoCommPort.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 0;
SetCommTimeouts(hComm,ref ctoCommPort);

// SET BAUD RATE, PARITY, WORD SIZE, AND STOP BITS.
GetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort);
dcbCommPort.BaudRate=BaudRate;
dcbCommPort.flags=0;
//dcb.fBinary=1;
dcbCommPort.flags|=1;
if (Parity>0)

//dcb.fParity=1
dcbCommPort.flags|=2;

dcbCommPort.Parity=Parity;
dcbCommPort.ByteSize=ByteSize;
dcbCommPort.StopBits=StopBits;
if (!SetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort))

//uint ErrorNum=GetLastError();
throw(new ApplicationException("Comm Port Can Not Be Opened"));

//unremark to see if setting took correctly
//DCB dcbCommPort2 = new DCB();
//GetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort2);
Opened = true;



public void Close()
if (hComm!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
CloseHandle(hComm);


public byte[] Read(int NumBytes)
byte[] BufBytes;
byte[] OutBytes;
BufBytes = new byte[NumBytes];
if (hComm!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
OVERLAPPED ovlCommPort = new OVERLAPPED();
int BytesRead=0;
ReadFile(hComm,BufBytes,NumBytes,ref BytesRead,ref ovlCommPort);
OutBytes = new byte[BytesRead];
Array.Copy(BufBytes,OutBytes,BytesRead);

else
throw(new ApplicationException("Comm Port Not Open"));

return OutBytes;


public void Write(byte[] WriteBytes)
if (hComm!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
OVERLAPPED ovlCommPort = new OVERLAPPED();
int BytesWritten = 0;
WriteFile(hComm,WriteBytes,WriteBytes.Length,ref BytesWritten,ref ovlCommPort);

else
throw(new ApplicationException("Comm Port Not Open"));







由于篇幅,以及串口通信涉及内容广泛,我在这里只讲这些。
参考技术A 单片机能实现多串口通讯控制吗?
然可以的,有的单片机本身带有串口通信的接口,而比较传统的单片机也可以用普通的IO口进行串口时序的模拟进行通信。

参考技术B 在PC端和单片机端均需要编写相对应的串行通信口程序,PC和单片机之间需要一个电压转换的IC,然后将PC的TXD、RXD与单片机的TXD、RXD交叉连接就行了。

参考技术C 建议 去 百度文库 里 搜搜

肯定 有 这样 的 文档

单片机串口通信控制led灯的点亮

参考技术A pc通过串口和单片机交换数据,从而控制LED灯。 pc程序用labview 调用Visa 进行串口通讯。单片机接受到串口命令后控制I/O口的高低电平实现led灯亮灭控制。
用串口调试助手就行,网上到处可以下载。也好用。关键问题是在电脑上发送的0,1,是以什么数据格式发送的,通常以字符格式发送的,即是ASCII码。所以,单片机接收时,也要按字符格式发才行。而你的程序是按十六进制数的格式判断的,也就是二进制数,所以,发送和接收格式不统一,单片机就不能正常接收控制LED0,也就不能正常返回数据。 if(SBUF==0) //这是按二进制数接收的 if(SBUF==1) //这也是按二进制数接收的 这样写程序,要求电脑上,要按二进制数即十六进制数发送才行。 还是按字符格式收发比较好。
看你这程序编的,ha 查询RI 不是等于 1,而是0 只有当数据传送过来的时候,RI才会由1变为0,所以需要查询的状态是 0,不是1 当接收完数据后,再进行对RI的清零 还是不多说了,上程序,若满意请记得采纳一下,谢谢! 这是一个由串口助手发送十六进制码来控制单片机的8个LED亮灭的简单小程序
电脑上,你是用什么软件发送数据的看用串口调试助手就行,网上到处可以下载。也好用。关键问题是在电脑上发送的0,1,是以什么数据格式发送的,通常以字符格式发送的,即是ASCII码。所以,单片机接收时,也要按字符格式发才行。而你的程序是按十六进制数的格式判断的,也就是二进制数,所以,发送和接收格式不统一,单片机就不能正常接收控制LED0,也就不能正常返回数据。

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