Centos7/8快速安装PostgreSQL与配置

Posted 2022-02-23 境悟初

查看可安装版本

# yum module list | grep postgresql
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
postgresql           9.6             client, server [d]                       PostgreSQL server and client module                                                                                                                                                                                              
postgresql           10 [d]          client, server [d]                       PostgreSQL server and client module                                                                                                                                                                                              
postgresql           12              client, server [d]                       PostgreSQL server and client module                                                                                                                                                                                              
postgresql           13              client, server [d]                       PostgreSQL server and client module                                                                                                                                                                                              

安装

# yum install @postgresql:10

初始化数据库

# postgresql-setup --initdb
 * Initializing database in '/var/lib/pgsql/data'
 * Initialized, logs are in /var/lib/pgsql/initdb_postgresql.log

配置外网可访问

默认只有localhost可访问。

修改配置文件：/var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf

listen_addresses = '*'

再修改 pg_hba.conf,增加

host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5 

要重启：

# systemctl restart postgresq

修改数据库用户密码

# su - postgres
Last login: Thu Feb 17 08:48:01 UTC 2022 on pts/1
[postgres@ip-10.1.1.3 ~]$ psql
psql (10.17)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# alter user postgres with password 'passssssss';
ALTER ROLE
postgres=# \\q

要指定数据目录怎么做？

默认情况下，是存在 /var/lib/pgsql/data/目录的，但这一般是系统盘，空间不够。
那么可以 使用initdb命令初始化目录。

# su - postgres
Last login: Thu Feb 17 08:51:52 UTC 2022 on pts/0
[postgres@ip-172-31-32-49 ~]$ cd /dev/shm/
[postgres@ip-172-31-32-49 shm]$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 40 Feb 17 09:42 pg_data

# 使用initdb命令初始化目录
[postgres@ip-172-31-32-49 shm]$ initdb -D /dev/shm/pg_data/
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /dev/shm/pg_data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default timezone ... UTC
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /dev/shm/pg_data/ -l logfile start

然后再启动

pg_ctl -D /dev/shm/pg_data/ -l logfile start

如果要迁移已有数据目录，可以参考文章：https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-move-a-postgresql-data-directory-to-a-new-location-on-ubuntu-16-04