MySQL主从复制配置实操

Posted Mr.zhou_Zxy

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mysql主从复制配置

一、配置介绍

虚拟机
主机:192.168.130.100
从机:192.168.130.101
系统:CentoS7

二、主机操作

1.开启binlog

[root@hadoop ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

新增以下配置:

log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
server-id = 1
innodb_file_per_table = ON
skip_name_resolve = ON

2.重启MySQL

[root@hadoop ~]# service mysqld restart
Restarting mysqld (via systemctl):
                                                           [  确定  ]

3.进入MySQL


[root@hadoop ~]# mysql -uroot -p111213
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.51-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

4.查看binlog

mysql> show global variables like '%log%';
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name                           | Value                          |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| back_log                                | 80                             |
| binlog_cache_size                       | 32768                          |
| binlog_checksum                         | CRC32                          |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF                            |
| binlog_error_action                     | IGNORE_ERROR                   |
| binlog_format                           | MIXED                          |
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery             | OFF                            |
| binlog_max_flush_queue_time             | 0                              |
| binlog_order_commits                    | ON                             |
| binlog_row_image                        | FULL                           |
| binlog_rows_query_log_events            | OFF                            |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size                  | 32768                          |
| binlogging_impossible_mode              | IGNORE_ERROR                   |
| expire_logs_days                        | 0                              |
| general_log                             | OFF                            |
| general_log_file                        | /var/lib/mysql/hadoop.log      |
| innodb_api_enable_binlog                | OFF                            |
| innodb_flush_log_at_timeout             | 1                              |
| innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit          | 1                              |
| innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog          | OFF                            |
| innodb_log_buffer_size                  | 8388608                        |
| innodb_log_compressed_pages             | ON                             |
| innodb_log_file_size                    | 50331648                       |
| innodb_log_files_in_group               | 2                              |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir               | ./                             |
| innodb_mirrored_log_groups              | 1                              |
| innodb_online_alter_log_max_size        | 134217728                      |
| innodb_undo_logs                        | 128                            |
| log_bin                                 | ON                             |
| log_bin_basename                        | /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin       |
| log_bin_index                           | /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators         | OFF                            |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events               | OFF                            |
| log_error                               | /var/log/mysqld.log            |
| log_output                              | FILE                           |
| log_queries_not_using_indexes           | OFF                            |
| log_slave_updates                       | OFF                            |
| log_slow_admin_statements               | OFF                            |
| log_slow_slave_statements               | OFF                            |
| log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes  | 0                              |
| log_warnings                            | 1                              |
| max_binlog_cache_size                   | 18446744073709547520           |
| max_binlog_size                         | 1073741824                     |
| max_binlog_stmt_cache_size              | 18446744073709547520           |
| max_relay_log_size                      | 0                              |
| relay_log                               |                                |
| relay_log_basename                      |                                |
| relay_log_index                         |                                |
| relay_log_info_file                     | relay-log.info                 |
| relay_log_info_repository               | FILE                           |
| relay_log_purge                         | ON                             |
| relay_log_recovery                      | OFF                            |
| relay_log_space_limit                   | 0                              |
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery         | OFF                            |
| slow_query_log                          | OFF                            |
| slow_query_log_file                     | /var/lib/mysql/hadoop-slow.log |
| sql_log_bin                             | ON                             |
| sql_log_off                             | OFF                            |
| sync_binlog                             | 0                              |
| sync_relay_log                          | 10000                          |
| sync_relay_log_info                     | 10000                          |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
61 rows in set (0.00 sec)


5.查看主节点的server id


mysql> show global variables like '%server%';
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                   | Value                                |
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| character_set_server            | latin1                               |
| collation_server                | latin1_swedish_ci                    |
| innodb_ft_server_stopword_table |                                      |
| server_id                       | 1                                    |
| server_id_bits                  | 32                                   |
| server_uuid                     | 56f00bc3-a8c3-11eb-b9ff-000c29a4a77e |
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6.创建用户

mysql> create user 'slave'@'192.168.130.100' IDENTIFIED by 'slave';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7.为用户分配主从复制权限,并授权从机

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.130.101' identified by 'slave';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

8.查看主节点日志

mysql> show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name         | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |       698 |
+------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

9.查看日志内容

mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------                     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name         | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                                                                                                                                                    |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------                     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc |         1 |         120 | Server ver: 5.6.51-log, Binlog ver: 4                                                                                                                                   |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 120 | Query       |         1 |         295 | CREATE USER 'slave'@'192.168.130.100' IDENTIFIED BY PAS                     SWORD '*51125B3597BEE0FC43E0BCBFEE002EF8641B44CF'                                           |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 295 | Query       |         1 |         528 | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO '                     slave'@'192.168.130.101' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*51125B3597BEE0FC43E0BCBFEE002EF8641B44CF' |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 528 | Query       |         1 |         607 | flush privileges                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------                     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

三、从机操作

1.开启中继日志

[root@hadoop ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

relay-log = relay-log
relay-log-index = relay-log.index
server-id = 2
innodb_file_per_table = ON
skip_name_resolve = ON

2.重启MySQL

[root@hadoop ~]# service mysqld restart
Restarting mysqld (via systemctl):
                                                           [  确定  ]

3.进入MySQL

[root@hadoop ~]# mysql -uroot -p111213
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.51-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

4.查看中继日志

mysql> show global variables like '%log%';
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name                           | Value                          |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| back_log                                | 80                             |
| binlog_cache_size                       | 32768                          |
| binlog_checksum                         | CRC32                          |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF                            |
| binlog_error_action                     | IGNORE_ERROR                   |
| binlog_format                           | STATEMENT                      |
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery             | OFF                            |
| binlog_max_flush_queue_time             | 0                              |
| binlog_order_commits                    | ON                             |
| binlog_row_image                        | FULL                           |
| binlog_rows_query_log_events            | OFF                            |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size                  | 32768                          |
| binlogging_impossible_mode              | IGNORE_ERROR                   |
| expire_logs_days                        | 0                              |
| general_log                             | OFF                            |
| general_log_file                        | /var/lib/mysql/hadoop.log      |
| innodb_api_enable_binlog                | OFF                            |
| innodb_flush_log_at_timeout             | 1                              |
| innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit          | 1                              |
| innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog          | OFF                            |
| innodb_log_buffer_size                  | 8388608                        |
| innodb_log_compressed_pages             | ON                             |
| innodb_log_file_size                    | 50331648                       |
| innodb_log_files_in_group               | 2                              |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir               | ./                             |
| innodb_mirrored_log_groups              | 1                              |
| innodb_online_alter_log_max_size        | 134217728                      |
| innodb_undo_logs                        | 128                            |
| log_bin                                 | OFF                            |
| log_bin_basename                        |                                |
| log_bin_index                           |                                |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators         | OFF                            |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events               | OFF                            |
| log_error                               | /var/log/mysqld.log            |
| log_output                              | FILE                           |
| log_queries_not_using_indexes           | OFF                            |
| log_slave_updates                       | OFF                            |
| log_slow_admin_statements               | OFF                            |
| log_slow_slave_statements               | OFF                            |
| log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes  | 0                              |
| log_warnings                            | 1                              |
| max_binlog_cache_size                   | 18446744073709547520           |
| max_binlog_size                         | 1073741824                     |
| max_binlog_stmt_cache_size              | 18446744073709547520           |
| max_relay_log_size                      | 0                              |
| relay_log                               | relay-log                      |
| relay_log_basename                      | /var/lib/mysql/relay-log       |
| relay_log_index                         | /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.index |
| relay_log_info_file                     | relay-log.info                 |
| relay_log_info_repository               | FILE                           |
| relay_log_purge                         | ON                             |
| relay_log_recovery                      | OFF                            |
| relay_log_space_limit                   | 0                              |
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery         | OFF                            |
| slow_query_log                          | OFF                            |
| slow_query_log_file                     | /var/lib/mysql/hadoop-slow.log |
| sql_log_bin                             | ON                             |
| sql_log_off                             | OFF                            |
| sync_binlog                             | 0                              |
| sync_relay_log                          | 10000                          |
| sync_relay_log_info                     | 10000                          |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
61 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5.查看从节点的server id


mysql> show global variables like '%server%';
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                   | Value                                |
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| character_set_server            | latin1                               |
| collation_server                | latin1_swedish_ci                    |
| innodb_ft_server_stopword_table |                                      |
| server_id                       | 2                                    |
| server_id_bits                  | 32                                   |
| server_uuid                     | 56f00bc3-a8c3-11eb-b9ff-000c29a4a77e |
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6.将从机的master设置为主机

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.130.100' ,MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='slave',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=985;

注意MASTER_LOG_FILE和MASTER_LOG_POS都要是主机日志的最后一条记录

7.开启slave

start slave

9.查看slave状态

mysql> show slave status\\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State:
                  Master_Host: 192.168.130.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 698
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 4
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: No
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 698
              Relay_Log_Space: 120
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 1593
                Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs mustr replication to work.
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID:
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 220108 18:38:22
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Slave_SQL_Running已连接

Slave_IO_Running连接失败

四、问题解决

问题一(Slave_IO_Running连接失败):

Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs mustr replication to work.

根据问题反馈是UUID的问题,想到自己的两个虚拟机是复制而来的,所以需要修改其中一个UUID。

查找auto.cnf

[root@hadoop ~]# find / -iname “auto.cnf”
/var/lib/mysql/auto.cnf

修改auto.cnf

重启slave

stop slave

start slave

mysql> show slave status\\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.130.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 698
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 283
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 698
              Relay_Log_Space: 450
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 56f00bc3-a8c3-11eb-b9ff-000c29a4a77e
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

问题二(Slave_SQL_Running连接失败):

当同步完成后,尝试在主机的zxy数据库中建立a数据库,在查看从机的时候问题如下:

mysql> show slave status\\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.130.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 781
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 283
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 1008
                   Last_Error: Error 'Can't drop database 'zxy'; database doesn't exist' on query. Default database: 'zxy'                     . Query: 'drop database zxy'
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 698
              Relay_Log_Space: 533
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 1008
               Last_SQL_Error: Error 'Can't drop database 'zxy'; database doesn't exist' on query. Default database: 'zxy'                     . Query: 'drop database zxy'
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 56f00bc3-a8c3-11eb-b9ff-000c29a4a77e
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State:
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 220108 18:50:00
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

想到是从机里没有zxy这个数据,最后在从机里建立zxy数据库。

正常后:

1.主机创建表


mysql> create table zxy.b(id int ,name varchar(25));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |     1098 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table zxy.c(id int ,name varchar(25));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


2.从机状态


mysql> show slave status\\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.130.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1211
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 396
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1211
              Relay_Log_Space: 839
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 56f00bc3-a8c3-11eb-b9ff-000c29a4a77e
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hive               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| qianfeng           |
| zxy                |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use zxy;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_zxy |
+---------------+
| b             |
| c             |
+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)


查看中继日志


mysql> show relaylog events in 'relay-log.000009';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Log_name         | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                        |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------+
| relay-log.000009 |   4 | Format_desc |         2 |         120 | Server ver: 5.6.51-log, Binlog ver: 4       |
| relay-log.000009 | 120 | Rotate      |         1 |           0 | mysql-bin.000002;pos=120                    |
| relay-log.000009 | 167 | Format_desc |         1 |           0 | Server ver: 5.6.51-log, Binlog ver: 4       |
| relay-log.000009 | 283 | Query       |         1 |         232 | create table zxy.p(id int,name varchar(10)) |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)


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