Laravel 5：如何测试调用API的Jobs？

Posted 2021-04-11

我一直在教自己如何编写测试用例，但我对如何测试Job是否调用API（并声明API已获得预期响应）无能为力。

这是我的实验的片段......

Class SampleJob extends Job
{

    public function handle()
    {
        $request->method('post')->setUrl('/blahblah')->setBody($body);
        //For the sake of convenience, let me just state that
        //$request calls an API call.
        //i.e. If it's successful, you'll get
        //HTTP status 200 and a JSON object
    }
 }


Class SampleJobTest extends TestCase
{
    use DispatchesJobs;

    /** @test */
    public function it_calls_api()
    {
        $data = factory(MockData::class)->create();
        $this->dispatch(new SampleJob($data));

        //assert that the API was called

        //assert that there was an HTTP response - status & JSON
    }
}

正如评论中提到的那样，是否有可能断言API是用预期的响应调用的？

任何建议将被认真考虑。

编辑

调度SampleJob时，将调用API。

答案

测试Json API作业有点棘手，因为您必须测试它是否已排队，调度，然后您将知道是否要接收响应以及是否是预期响应。

保持简单和有用;我将这些函数分成3个测试（调度，队列和结果），这样你就可以测试每个进程，你可以进一步扩展以测试

队列：Queue

1. 哪个队列被推了工作？
2. 多少次？
3. 发送或阻止？

公共汽车：Bus command

1. 发送或阻止？

如果您对同一页面感兴趣，可以在队列测试中找到更多reference here，对于命令总线也可以找到相同的<?php namespace TestsUnit; use TestsTestCase; use IlluminateSupportFacadesQueue; // includes the fake method use IlluminateSupportFacadesBus; // includes the fake method use IlluminateFoundationTestingRefreshDatabase; use IlluminateFoundationBusDispatchesJobs; // for the Queue use IlluminateFoundationBusDispatcher; // for the Bus use AppJobsAPIjob as Job; // your job goes here class ExampleTest extends TestCase { use DispatchesJobs; /** * Setup the test environment. // to make the environment as a usual Laravel application which includes the helpers functions. * * @return void */ protected function setup(){ parent::setUp(); } /** * A basic dispatch example. * * @return void * @test */ public function it_dispatches(){ Bus::fake(); // faking the Bus command $job = new Job; Bus::dispatch($job); Bus::assertDispatched(Job::class, 1); } /** * A basic queue example. * * @return void * @test */ public function it_queues(){ Queue::fake(); // faking Queue using the facade $job = new Job; Queue::push($job); // manually pushing the job to the Queue $this->dispatch($job); Queue::assertPushed(Job::class, 1); } /** * A basic receive example. * * @return void * @test */ public function it_recieves_api(){ $response = $this->get('/APIroute'); // change this to match the route which you will receive the Json API from. $response->assertStatus(200) // ->assertJsonFragment([ // using Fragment if partial, you can remove the word Fragment for full match [ 'id' => 1, "name" => "Emely Jones", "email" => "[e-mail]", "created_at" => "2018-03-05 16:36:14", "updated_at" => "2018-03-05 16:36:14", ], ]); } } 。

这是测试类：

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