使用docker搭建STUN/TURN服务器

Posted 2023-03-09

参考技术A 前言

    STUN，首先在RFC3489中定义，作为一个完整的NAT穿透解决方案，英文全称是Simple Traversal of UDP Through NATs，即简单的用UDP穿透NAT。

    TURN，首先在RFC5766中定义，英文全称是Traversal Using Relays around NAT:Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT，即使用中继穿透NAT:STUN的扩展  

    简单的说，TURN与STURN的共同点都是通过修改应用层中的私网地址达到NAT穿透的效果，异同点是TURN是通过两方通讯的“中间人”方式实现穿透。

    ICE的全称Interactive Connectivity Establishment（互动式连接建立），由IETF的MMUSIC工作组开发出来的，它所提供的是一种框架，使各种NAT穿透技术可以实现统一。

    STUN和TURN服务器和ICE可以参考阅读: P2P技术详解(三)：P2P技术之STUN、TURN、ICE详解

    本文介绍如何通过DOCKER搭建STUN和TURN服务器，步骤如下

1：创建Dockerfile，内容如下：

FROM      ubuntu:14.04

MAINTAINER Patxi Gortázar <[e-mail]>

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \

  curl \

  libevent-core-2.0-5 \

  libevent-extra-2.0-5 \

  libevent-openssl-2.0-5 \

  libevent-pthreads-2.0-5 \

  libhiredis0.10 \

  libmysqlclient18 \

  libpq5 \

  telnet \

  wget

RUN wget http://turnserver.open-sys.org/downloads/v4.4.2.2/turnserver-4.4.2.2-debian-wheezy-ubuntu-mint-x86-64bits.tar.gz \

  && tar xzf turnserver-4.4.2.2-debian-wheezy-ubuntu-mint-x86-64bits.tar.gz \

  && dpkg -i coturn_4.4.2.2-1_amd64.deb

COPY ./turnserver.sh /turnserver.sh

ENV TURN_USERNAME test

ENV TURN_PASSWORD test

ENV REALM kurento.org

ENV NAT true

EXPOSE 3478 3478/udp

ENTRYPOINT ["/turnserver.sh"]

2：创建turnserver.sh，内容如下

#!/bin/bash

set-e

if[$NAT="true"-a-z"$EXTERNAL_IP"];then

#Try to get public IP

PUBLIC_IP=$(curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-ipv4)||echo"No public ip found on http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-ipv4"

if[-z"$PUBLIC_IP"];then

PUBLIC_IP=$(curl http://icanhazip.com)||exit1

fi

#Try to get private IP

PRIVATE_IP=$(ifconfig|awk'/inet addr/print substr($2,6)'|grep -v 127.0.0.1)||exit1

exportEXTERNAL_IP="$PUBLIC_IP/$PRIVATE_IP"

echo"Starting turn server with external IP:$EXTERNAL_IP"

fi

echo'min-port=49152'>/etc/turnserver.conf

echo'max-port=65535'>>/etc/turnserver.conf

echo'fingerprint'>>/etc/turnserver.conf

echo'lt-cred-mech'>>/etc/turnserver.conf

echo"realm=$REALM">>/etc/turnserver.conf

echo'log-file stdout'>>/etc/turnserver.conf

echo"user=$TURN_USERNAME:$TURN_PASSWORD">>/etc/turnserver.conf

[$NAT="true"]&&echo"external-ip=$EXTERNAL_IP">>/etc/turnserver.conf

exec/usr/bin/turnserver"$@"

3：使用docker build 创建镜像，执行结果如下

[root@www]# docker build -t teststurn_1 .

Sending build context to Docker daemon  4.096kB

Step 1/11 : FROM      ubuntu:14.04

---> 6e4f1fe62ff1

Step 2/11 : MAINTAINER Patxi Gortázar <[e-mail]>

---> Using cache

---> 4460f9f84053

Step 3/11 : RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y  curl  libevent-core-2.0-5  libevent-extra-2.0-5  libevent-openssl-2.0-5  libevent-pthreads-2.0-5  libhiredis0.10  libmysqlclient18  libpq5  telnet  wget

---> Using cache

---> 05ed9ced48a5

Step 4/11 : RUN wget http://turnserver.open-sys.org/downloads/v4.4.2.2/turnserver-4.4.2.2-debian-wheezy-ubuntu-mint-x86-64bits.tar.gz  && tar xzf turnserver-4.4.2.2-debian-wheezy-ubuntu-mint-x86-64bits.tar.gz  && dpkg -i coturn_4.4.2.2-1_amd64.deb

---> Using cache

---> d82ed28fdac9

Step 5/11 : COPY ./turnserver.sh /turnserver.sh

---> Using cache

---> 1d37a488282c

Step 6/11 : ENV TURN_USERNAME test

---> Running in bfd88f08db42

Removing intermediate container bfd88f08db42

---> cf8af0504b95

Step 7/11 : ENV TURN_PASSWORD test

---> Running in b8ef33b7c213

Removing intermediate container b8ef33b7c213

---> 32a832f23169

Step 8/11 : ENV REALM kurento.org

---> Running in bbe129edf5b3

Removing intermediate container bbe129edf5b3

---> 21fdfe34689b

Step 9/11 : ENV NAT true

---> Running in 5bdfe8555d5e

Removing intermediate container 5bdfe8555d5e

---> dc7fc896841c

Step 10/11 : EXPOSE 3478 3478/udp

---> Running in 67aaa1966f68

Removing intermediate container 67aaa1966f68

---> a12646ed45ff

Step 11/11 : ENTRYPOINT ["/turnserver.sh"]

---> Running in b8fc2ff09265

Removing intermediate container b8fc2ff09265

---> f5e5acad0f81

Successfully built f5e5acad0f81

Successfully tagged teststurn_1:latest

执行完后可以看到自己创建的镜像名称为teststurn_1 

4：启动docker的镜像，并开启端口3478

     docker run -d -p 3478:3478 -p 3478:3478/udp teststurn_1

    启动后需要等待一两分钟才能测试顺畅

5：测试服务器效果

    打开 https://webrtc.github.io/samples/src/content/peerconnection/trickle-ice/  并输入自己的本机IP和端口，分别测试两种协议服务是否生效