php获取随机字符串的几种方法

Posted 2021-01-01 myIvan

方法一:shuffle函数（打乱数组）和mt_rand函数（生成随机数，比rand速度快四倍）

 1 /**
 2  * 获得随机字符串
 3  * @param $len             需要的长度
 4  * @param $special        是否需要特殊符号
 5  * @return string       返回随机字符串
 6  */
 7 function getRandomStr($len, $special=true){
 8     $chars = array(
 9         "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k",
10         "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v",
11         "w", "x", "y", "z", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G",
12         "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R",
13         "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "0", "1", "2",
14         "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"
15     );
16 
17     if($special){
18         $chars = array_merge($chars, array(
19             "!", "@", "#", "$", "?", "|", "{", "/", ":", ";",
20             "%", "^", "&", "*", "(", ")", "-", "_", "[", "]",
21             "}", "<", ">", "~", "+", "=", ",", "."
22         ));
23     }
24 
25     $charsLen = count($chars) - 1;
26     shuffle($chars);                            //打乱数组顺序
27     $str = ‘‘;
28     for($i=0; $i<$len; $i++){
29         $str .= $chars[mt_rand(0, $charsLen)];    //随机取出一位
30     }
31     return $str;
32 }

方法二、str_shuffle函数（打乱字符串顺序）和mt_rand函数

1 //取随机10位字符串
2 $strs="QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM1234567890qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm";
3 $name=substr(str_shuffle($strs),mt_rand(0,strlen($strs)-11),10);
4 echo $name;

方法三、md5(),uniqid(),microtime()生成唯一的32位字符串

$uniqid = md5(uniqid(microtime(true),true));
//microtime(true)  返回系统当前时间戳的毫秒数

其他方法:

 1 /**
 2      * 方法一：获取随机字符串
 3      * @param number $length 长度
 4      * @param string $type 类型
 5      * @param number $convert 转换大小写
 6      * @return string 随机字符串
 7      */
 8     function random($length = 6, $type = ‘string‘, $convert = 0)
 9     {
10         $config = array(
11             ‘number‘ => ‘1234567890‘,
12             ‘letter‘ => ‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ‘,
13             ‘string‘ => ‘abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789‘,
14             ‘all‘ => ‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890‘
15         );
16  
17         if (!isset($config[$type]))
18             $type = ‘string‘;
19         $string = $config[$type];
20  
21         $code = ‘‘;
22         $strlen = strlen($string) - 1;
23         for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
24             $code .= $string{mt_rand(0, $strlen)};
25         }
26         if (!empty($convert)) {
27             $code = ($convert > 0) ? strtoupper($code) : strtolower($code);
28         }
29         return $code;
30     }
31  
32     /**
33      * 方法二：获取随机字符串
34      * @param int $randLength 长度
35      * @param int $addtime 是否加入当前时间戳
36      * @param int $includenumber 是否包含数字
37      * @return string
38      */
39     function rand_str($randLength = 6, $addtime = 1, $includenumber = 0)
40     {
41         if ($includenumber) {
42             $chars = ‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQEST123456789‘;
43         } else {
44             $chars = ‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz‘;
45         }
46         $len = strlen($chars);
47         $randStr = ‘‘;
48         for ($i = 0; $i < $randLength; $i++) {
49             $randStr .= $chars[mt_rand(0, $len - 1)];
50         }
51         $tokenvalue = $randStr;
52         if ($addtime) {
53             $tokenvalue = $randStr . time();
54         }
55         return $tokenvalue;
56     }