CentOS 7部署kafka集群

Posted 2023-03-03 憨子周

1环境

操作系统：CentOS 7

JDK: java 1.8

kafka 版本：kafka_2.11-2.2.1.tar.gz

zookeeper版本： zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz

2架构总览

zookeeper集群中包含三个zookeeper服务。

3部署操作

3.1部署zookeeper集群

zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz安装目录统一为/usr/local/zookeeper

3.1.1解压文件

cp zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz
mv zookeeper-3.4.8 zookeeper

3.1.2修改配置文件

# The number of milliseconds of each 
ticktickTime=2000

# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10

# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5

# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just# example sakes.
dataDir=/data/zookeeper/data
dataLogDir=/data/zookeeper/log

# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181

# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more 
clientsmaxClientCnxns=60

#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1
server.1=192.168.0.209:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.0.134:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.0.135:2888:3888

说明如下dataDir 是zookeeper存放myid, zookeeper_server.pid的目录，以及zookeeper运行过程中必须保存的其他数据。对于zookeeper集群架构比较重要的，就是myid文件。

clientPort 是zookeeper提供给kafka使用的客户端端口号。kafka是zookeeper的客户端，因此需要提供这个端口号。默认是2181。

server.1=192.168.0.209:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.0.134:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.0.135:2888:3888

这三行配置是zookeeper之间进行leader选举所需的。

zookeeper启动监听两个端口，一个是2181，另一个就是3888。2181用于kafka broker之间进行集群管理，3888就是zookeeper的节点之间进行集群管理。

server.1的意思是编号为1的zookeeper配置，而zookeeper的编号是通过myid文件配置的。和server.1对应的myid的内容就是一个数字1。2,3的配置依次类推。

3.1.3复制配置文件

将zoo.cfg文件分别复制到三台服务器/usr/local/zookeeper/conf目录下。内容完全一致。

3.1.4 创建myid文件

在三台服务器中的/data/zookeeper/data目录中创建myid文件。

3.1.5 防火墙开放相应端口号

如果启动了防火墙，zookeeper启动时的leader选举会失败，或者kafka服务无法正常启动，所以需要通过如下命令开放对应的端口：

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=2181/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3888/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

3.1.6 启动zookeeper

在三台服务器的/usr/local/zookeeper/bin目录中，执行如下命令启动zookeeper

cd /usr/local/zookeeper/bin
./zkServer.sh start &

3.2部署kafka集群

3.2.1解压文件

kafka的安装目录统一为/usr/local/kafka

cp kafka_2.11-2.2.1.tar.gz /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
tar -zxvf kafka_2.11-2.2.1.tar.gz
mv kafka_2.11-2.2.1 kafka

3.2.2修改配置文件

kafka服务的配置文件在/usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties

# The id of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
broker.id=0
host.name=192.168.0.209
listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.0.209:9092
advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.0.209:9092
log.dirs=/data/kafka/data
zookeeper.connect=192.168.0.209:2181,192.168.0.134:2181,192.168.0.135:2181

broker.id 是每个kafka实例的唯一编号，从0开始编号，依次递增。

host.name 是kafka实例所在的主机名

listeners 和 advertised.listeners 是外部访问kakfa所使用的IP和端口号

log.dirs 是kafka保存topic数据的目录

zookeeper.connect 是每个kafka实例访问zookeeper的连接信息，用逗号分隔的多个ip:port。

注意：如果考虑服务器性能，线程和内存使用情况优化时需要修改kafka-serve-start.sh文件

找到KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS

默认为-Xmx1G -Xms1G

最好设置为内存的一半

#!/bin/bash
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

if [ $# -lt 1 ];
then
    echo "USAGE: $0 [-daemon] server.properties [--override property=value]*"
    exit 1
fi
base_dir=$(dirname $0)

if [ "x$KAFKA_LOG4J_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
    export KAFKA_LOG4J_OPTS="-Dlog4j.configuration=file:$base_dir/../config/log4j.properties"
fi

if [ "x$KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
    export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx16G -Xms16G"
fi

EXTRA_ARGS=$EXTRA_ARGS-'-name kafkaServer -loggc'

COMMAND=$1
case $COMMAND in
  -daemon)
    EXTRA_ARGS="-daemon "$EXTRA_ARGS
    shift
    ;;
  *)
    ;;
esac

exec $base_dir/kafka-run-class.sh $EXTRA_ARGS kafka.Kafka "$@"

3.2.3 复制配置文件

将配置文件拷贝到每个kafka服务器所在的目录中

修改其中的broker.id，host.name, listeners,advertised.listeners。

3.2.4 启动kafka集群

启动每个kafka实例，当每个实例启动成功，就完成了kafka集群的部署。

cd /usr/local/kafka/bin
./kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties &