配置http支持php及虚拟主机

Posted 2020-11-09

配置httpd支持php

• httpd主配置文件/usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
• vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf

  修改以下4个地方
  ServerName  这个打开后开启httpd后没有警告
  Require all denied   这个修改为Require all granted 防止打开虚拟主机配置文件时403
  AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 加上这行才可以解析php
  DirectoryIndex index.html index.php  添加默认索引页
  DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs" 这个参数可以定义网站的域名根目录

• /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t //测试语法，改完配置需要先检查下再加载
• /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful //重新加载配置文件,不重启服务
• iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT //打开80端口
• netstat -lntp //查看80端口

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1122/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2094/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      2658/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      2387/httpd          
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1122/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2094/master         

• 在物理机浏览器上打开主机ip地址能访问
• 打不开ip主页排查思路
  -现在物理机上查看Ip能不能ping通，telnet能不能通，再查看虚拟机上有没有打开80端口

  [[email protected] ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
  [[email protected] ~]# iptables -nvL
  Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 58 packets, 3900 bytes)
  pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
  0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:80

• 写一个测试php,vim /usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs/1.php

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs/1.php

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

• 在物理机浏览器上打开主机ip地址/1.php，可以打开php信息页面，如果不支持php解析的话，访问该文件时会显示源代码。

• 故障排查

  • 检查Apache是否已加载PHP模块

    [[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M
    Loaded Modules:
    core_module (static)
    so_module (static)
    http_module (static)
    mpm_event_module (static)
    authn_file_module (shared)
    authn_core_module (shared)
    authz_host_module (shared)
    authz_groupfile_module (shared)
    authz_user_module (shared)
    authz_core_module (shared)
    access_compat_module (shared)
    auth_basic_module (shared)
    reqtimeout_module (shared)
    filter_module (shared)
    mime_module (shared)
    log_config_module (shared)
    env_module (shared)
    headers_module (shared)
    setenvif_module (shared)
    version_module (shared)
    unixd_module (shared)
    status_module (shared)
    autoindex_module (shared)
    dir_module (shared)
    alias_module (shared)
    php7_module (shared)

  • 查看php模块文件

    [[email protected] ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so 
    /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so
    [[email protected] ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so 
    /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so

  • 查看apache配置文件这四项

#LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so
LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so

ServerName www.example.com:80

    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
    Addtype application/x-httpd-php .php

<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all granted
</Directory>

• “/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t”检查配置文件是否存在语法错误
  • 配置PHP7解析只需要把配置文件中加载的php模块换成php7的，其他相同
  • ctrl+r用途：反向搜索并调用执行过的命令。(reverse-i-search)。
    使用方法：按ctrl+r后命令行会变成“(reverse-i-search)`‘: ”状态，然后输入使用过的参数，此时会直接显示出相关的命令，回车即可执行该命令。

httpd的默认虚拟主机

• windows定义hosts
  • C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

    192.168.21.128 www.abc.com www.123.com

  • 可以ping检查下是不是解析到你需要的ip
• 一台服务器可以访问多个网站，每个网站都是一个虚拟主机
• 概念：域名（主机名）、DNS(域名解析系统)、hosts(局域网的域名解析)
• 任何一个域名解析到这台机器，都可以访问的虚拟主机就是默认虚拟主机
• vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

# Virtual hosts
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
打开这个选项，启用虚拟主机配置文件/usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

• vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/abc.com"
    ServerName abc.com
    ServerAlias www.abc.com www.123.com
    ErrorLog "logs/abc.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/abc.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
    ServerName 111.com
    ServerAlias www.example.com
    ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

• 创建目录

  [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data/wwwroot
  [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/abc.com
  [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/111.com

• 创建index.php文件

  [[email protected] ~]# vim /data/wwwroot/abc.com/index.php
  [[email protected] ~]# vim /data/wwwroot/111.com/index.php
  <?php
  echo "abc.com";

• /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl –t
• /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl graceful
• 测试虚拟主机

[email protected] ~]# curl -x192.168.16.120:80 abc.com
abc.com[[email protected] ~]# curl -x192.168.16.120:80 111.com
111.com[[email protected] ~]# curl -x192.168.16.120:80 www.dahjdhajabc.com
abc.com[[email protected] ~]# 

• 这里的abc.com为默认虚拟主机

扩展

• apache所有的主机都指向第一个