VS2010 如何利用 MFC单文档界面 编写 OpenGL？参考了很多vc6.0的方法，都不能在编译通过。谢了啊！

Posted 2023-02-28

我希望能在 VC++ 2010 的单文档界面显示OpenGL的绘图结果，QQ 454353332。我把所有分数都给你了，帮个忙吧！

VC自已的例子就有呀。如果没有安装可以到微软网上下载。其中的MFC\advanced\cube就是你要的。这是它的最主要的一个文件：
// cubeview.cpp : implementation of the CCubeView class
//
// This is a part of the Microsoft Foundation Classes C++ library.
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//
// This source code is only intended as a supplement to the
// Microsoft Foundation Classes Reference and related
// electronic documentation provided with the library.
// See these sources for detailed information regarding the
// Microsoft Foundation Classes product.

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "cube.h"

#include "cubedoc.h"
#include "cubeview.h"

#include "gl/gl.h"
#include "gl/glu.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#undef THIS_FILE
static char BASED_CODE THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

unsigned char threeto8[8] =

0, 0111>>1, 0222>>1, 0333>>1, 0444>>1, 0555>>1, 0666>>1, 0377
;

unsigned char twoto8[4] =

0, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xff
;

unsigned char oneto8[2] =

0, 255
;

static int defaultOverride[13] =

0, 3, 24, 27, 64, 67, 88, 173, 181, 236, 247, 164, 91
;

static PALETTEENTRY defaultPalEntry[20] =

0, 0, 0, 0 ,
0x80,0, 0, 0 ,
0, 0x80,0, 0 ,
0x80,0x80,0, 0 ,
0, 0, 0x80, 0 ,
0x80,0, 0x80, 0 ,
0, 0x80,0x80, 0 ,
0xC0,0xC0,0xC0, 0 ,

192, 220, 192, 0 ,
166, 202, 240, 0 ,
255, 251, 240, 0 ,
160, 160, 164, 0 ,

0x80,0x80,0x80, 0 ,
0xFF,0, 0, 0 ,
0, 0xFF,0, 0 ,
0xFF,0xFF,0, 0 ,
0, 0, 0xFF, 0 ,
0xFF,0, 0xFF, 0 ,
0, 0xFF,0xFF, 0 ,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF, 0
;

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CCubeView

IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CCubeView, CView)

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CCubeView, CView)
//AFX_MSG_MAP(CCubeView)
ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PLAY, OnFilePlay)
ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_FILE_PLAY, OnUpdateFilePlay)
ON_WM_CREATE()
ON_WM_DESTROY()
ON_WM_SIZE()
ON_WM_TIMER()
ON_WM_ERASEBKGND()
//AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CCubeView construction/destruction

CCubeView::CCubeView()

m_pDC = NULL;
m_pOldPalette = NULL;
m_play = FALSE;


CCubeView::~CCubeView()



/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CCubeView drawing

void CCubeView::OnDraw(CDC* /*pDC*/)

CCubeDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);

DrawScene();


/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CCubeView diagnostics

#ifdef _DEBUG
void CCubeView::AssertValid() const

CView::AssertValid();


void CCubeView::Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const

CView::Dump(dc);


CCubeDoc* CCubeView::GetDocument() // non-debug version is inline

return STATIC_DOWNCAST(CCubeDoc, m_pDocument);

#endif //_DEBUG

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CCubeView message handlers

void CCubeView::OnFilePlay()

m_play = m_play ? FALSE : TRUE;
if (m_play)
SetTimer(1, 15, NULL);
else
KillTimer(1);


void CCubeView::OnUpdateFilePlay(CCmdUI* pCmdUI)

pCmdUI->SetCheck(m_play);


BOOL CCubeView::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)

// An OpenGL window must be created with the following flags and must not
// include CS_PARENTDC for the class style. Refer to SetPixelFormat
// documentation in the "Comments" section for further information.
cs.style |= WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_CLIPCHILDREN;

return CView::PreCreateWindow(cs);


int CCubeView::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)

if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)
return -1;

Init(); // initialize OpenGL

return 0;


void CCubeView::OnDestroy()

HGLRC hrc;

KillTimer(1);

hrc = ::wglGetCurrentContext();

::wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL);

if (hrc)
::wglDeleteContext(hrc);

if (m_pOldPalette)
m_pDC->SelectPalette(m_pOldPalette, FALSE);

if (m_pDC)
delete m_pDC;

CView::OnDestroy();


void CCubeView::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)

CView::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);

if(cy > 0)

glViewport(0, 0, cx, cy);

if((m_oldRect.right > cx) || (m_oldRect.bottom > cy))
RedrawWindow();

m_oldRect.right = cx;
m_oldRect.bottom = cy;

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45.0f, (GLdouble)cx/cy, 3.0f, 7.0f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);



void CCubeView::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent)

DrawScene();

CView::OnTimer(nIDEvent);

// Eat spurious WM_TIMER messages
MSG msg;
while(::PeekMessage(&msg, m_hWnd, WM_TIMER, WM_TIMER, PM_REMOVE));


/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// GL helper functions

void CCubeView::Init()

PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
int n;
HGLRC hrc;
GLfloat fMaxObjSize, fAspect;
GLfloat fNearPlane, fFarPlane;

m_pDC = new CClientDC(this);

ASSERT(m_pDC != NULL);

if (!bSetupPixelFormat())
return;

n = ::GetPixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc());
::DescribePixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), n, sizeof(pfd), &pfd);

CreateRGBPalette();

hrc = wglCreateContext(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc());
wglMakeCurrent(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), hrc);

GetClientRect(&m_oldRect);
glClearDepth(1.0f);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

if (m_oldRect.bottom)
fAspect = (GLfloat)m_oldRect.right/m_oldRect.bottom;
else // don't divide by zero, not that we should ever run into that...
fAspect = 1.0f;
fNearPlane = 3.0f;
fFarPlane = 7.0f;
fMaxObjSize = 3.0f;
m_fRadius = fNearPlane + fMaxObjSize / 2.0f;

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45.0f, fAspect, fNearPlane, fFarPlane);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);


BOOL CCubeView::bSetupPixelFormat()

static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd =

sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), // size of this pfd
1, // version number
PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | // support window
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | // support OpenGL
PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, // double buffered
PFD_TYPE_RGBA, // RGBA type
24, // 24-bit color depth
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // color bits ignored
0, // no alpha buffer
0, // shift bit ignored
0, // no accumulation buffer
0, 0, 0, 0, // accum bits ignored
32, // 32-bit z-buffer
0, // no stencil buffer
0, // no auxiliary buffer
PFD_MAIN_PLANE, // main layer
0, // reserved
0, 0, 0 // layer masks ignored
;
int pixelformat;

if ( (pixelformat = ChoosePixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), &pfd)) == 0 )

MessageBox("ChoosePixelFormat failed");
return FALSE;


if (SetPixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), pixelformat, &pfd) == FALSE)

MessageBox("SetPixelFormat failed");
return FALSE;


return TRUE;


unsigned char CCubeView::ComponentFromIndex(int i, UINT nbits, UINT shift)

unsigned char val;

val = (unsigned char) (i >> shift);
switch (nbits)


case 1:
val &= 0x1;
return oneto8[val];
case 2:
val &= 0x3;
return twoto8[val];
case 3:
val &= 0x7;
return threeto8[val];

default:
return 0;



#pragma warning(disable : 4244)
void CCubeView::CreateRGBPalette()

PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
LOGPALETTE *pPal;
int n, i;

n = ::GetPixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc());
::DescribePixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), n, sizeof(pfd), &pfd);

if (pfd.dwFlags & PFD_NEED_PALETTE)

n = 1 << pfd.cColorBits;
pPal = (PLOGPALETTE) new char[sizeof(LOGPALETTE) + n * sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)];

ASSERT(pPal != NULL);

pPal->palVersion = 0x300;
pPal->palNumEntries = n;
for (i=0; i<n; i++)

pPal->palPalEntry[i].peRed =
ComponentFromIndex(i, pfd.cRedBits, pfd.cRedShift);
pPal->palPalEntry[i].peGreen =
ComponentFromIndex(i, pfd.cGreenBits, pfd.cGreenShift);
pPal->palPalEntry[i].peBlue =
ComponentFromIndex(i, pfd.cBlueBits, pfd.cBlueShift);
pPal->palPalEntry[i].peFlags = 0;


/* fix up the palette to include the default GDI palette */
if ((pfd.cColorBits == 8) &&
(pfd.cRedBits == 3) && (pfd.cRedShift == 0) &&
(pfd.cGreenBits == 3) && (pfd.cGreenShift == 3) &&
(pfd.cBlueBits == 2) && (pfd.cBlueShift == 6)
)

for (i = 1 ; i <= 12 ; i++)
pPal->palPalEntry[defaultOverride[i]] = defaultPalEntry[i];


m_cPalette.CreatePalette(pPal);
delete [] pPal;

m_pOldPalette = m_pDC->SelectPalette(&m_cPalette, FALSE);
m_pDC->RealizePalette();


#pragma warning(default : 4244)

void CCubeView::DrawScene(void)

static BOOL bBusy = FALSE;
static GLfloat wAngleY = 10.0f;
static GLfloat wAngleX = 1.0f;
static GLfloat wAngleZ = 5.0f;

if(bBusy)
return;
bBusy = TRUE;

glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -m_fRadius);
glRotatef(wAngleX, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glRotatef(wAngleY, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glRotatef(wAngleZ, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);

wAngleX += 1.0f;
wAngleY += 10.0f;
wAngleZ += 5.0f;

glBegin(GL_QUAD_STRIP);
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f);

glEnd();

glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f);
glEnd();

glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);

glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
glEnd();

glPopMatrix();

glFinish();
SwapBuffers(wglGetCurrentDC());

bBusy = FALSE;


BOOL CCubeView::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* /*pDC*/)

return TRUE;
参考技术A （1）分别使用二分插入排序和堆排序两种算法实现
（2）统计每种算法所需时间
（3）前n个节点的信息及时间统计结果写入到文件中
（4）算法中用到的内存向步骤3中的内存管理模块申请，并确保内存释放。本回答被提问者采纳