nginx常用服务配置
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一、nginx.conf的配置方式，创建新vhost
1）nginx的安装编译方式
./configure \\ --prefix=/opt/nginx \\ --user=nginx \\ --group=nginx \\ --conf-path=/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \\ --error-log-path=/opt/nginx/log/error.log \\ --http-log-path=/opt/nginx/log/access.log \\ --http-client-body-temp-path=/opt/nginx/client/ \\ --http-proxy-temp-path=/opt/nginx/proxy/ \\ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/opt/nginx/fcgi/ \\ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/opt/nginx/uwsgi \\ --http-scgi-temp-path=/opt/nginx/scgi --with-pcre \\ --with-http_ssl_module \\ --with-http_flv_module \\ --with-http_gzip_static_module \\ --with-http_stub_status_module \\ --with-http_realip_module \\ --pid-path=/opt/nginx/nginx.pid \\ --with-file-aio --with-http_image_filter_module \\ --add-module=/opt/nginx_upstream_check_module-master \\ # 健康检查的模块 --with-stream # tcp 协议的模块
常用优化配置
user nginx; worker_processes 4; worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000; worker_rlimit_nofile 204800; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 204800; use epoll; multi_accept off; } http { include /usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main \'$remote_addr --- $remote_user --- [$time_local] --- $request --- \' \'"$status" --- $body_bytes_sent --- "$http_referer" --- \' \'"$http_user_agent" --- "$http_x_forwarded_for"\'; log_format mtr \'$remote_addr [$time_local] "$request_uri" \' \'$status "$http_referer" \' \'"$http_user_agent" "$host"\'; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 30; client_header_timeout 30; client_body_timeout 40; server_tokens off; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/*.conf; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; #fastcgi_buffer_size 16k; #fastcgi_buffers 16 16k; #fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 16k; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 2k; large_client_header_buffers 4 4k; client_max_body_size 100k; open_file_cache max=51200 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; }
之后新的服务写入vhost文件夹
1.1）配置2
#user nginx; worker_processes auto; worker_rlimit_nofile 102400; events { use epoll; worker_connections 10240; accept_mutex off; } http { server_tokens off; include /usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types; # default_type text/html; charset UTF-8; #log config log_format main \'$remote_addr [$time_local] "$request" \' \'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" \' \'"$http_x_forwarded_for" \' \'"$request_time"\'; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; client_header_buffer_size 1024k; #timeout config keepalive_timeout 65; client_header_timeout 10; client_body_timeout 10; client_max_body_size 20m; reset_timedout_connection on; send_timeout 10; #limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:5m; #limit_conn addr 100; #gzip config gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_proxied any; gzip_min_length 1000; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; open_file_cache max=100000 inactive=600s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 2; open_file_cache_errors off; include /usr/local/nginx/vhost/conf/*.conf; # include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; }
2）nginx的开机自启动脚本
#!/bin/bash # [ -e $PID ] -e 存在 PROCESS=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx PID=/var/run/nginx.pid start(){ if [ -e $PID ];then echo -e "\\033[34m nginx already running... \\033[0m" else $PROCESS echo -e "\\033[34m ngins start OK \\033[0m" exit 0 fi } stop(){ if [ -e $PID ];then $PROCESS -s stop echo -e "\\033[34m nginx stop OK ... \\033[0m" else echo -e "\\033[34m nginx not running... \\033[0m" fi } reload(){ if [ -e $PID ];then $PROCESS -s reload echo -e "\\033[34m nginx is reload ... \\033[0m" else echo -e "\\033[31m nginx not running ... \\033[0m" fi } configtest(){ $PROCESS -t } status(){ if [ -e $PID ];then echo -e "\\033[34m nginx already running... \\033[0m" else echo -e "\\033[31m nginx not running ... \\033[0m" fi } case $1 in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; configtest) configtest ;; status) status ;; *) echo -e $"\\033[31m Usage: $prog {start|stop|reload|configtest|status}\\033[0m" ;; esac
二、配置nginx需要的服务
1）对html服务的配置（只包含html，js，png文件）
server { listen 800; server_name 127.0.0.1; #server_name sch5.com.cn; access_log /var/log/nginx/sch5.com.cn_access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/sch5.talkweb.com.cn_error.log; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Real_IP $remote_addr; disable_symlinks off; location / { root /opt/wwwroot/; index index.php index.html index.htm; } location /nginx_status { #stub_status on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } }
1.1）添加跨域访问的请求头
server { listen 800; server_name 127.0.0.1; #server_name sch5.com.cn; access_log /var/log/nginx/sch5.com.cn_access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/sch5.talkweb.com.cn_error.log; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Real_IP $remote_addr; disable_symlinks off; location / { add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept"; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods "GET, POST, OPTIONS"; root /opt/wwwroot/; index index.php index.html index.htm; } location /nginx_status { #stub_status on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } }
1.2）跨域2
server { listen 80; server_name filer.nad.com; root /var/www/nad/service/nad_filer; index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ @rewrite; location @rewrite { rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?_url=/$1; } location ~ \\.php { add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods \'GET, POST, OPTIONS\'; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers \'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization,lang,access-token\'; if ($request_method = \'OPTIONS\') { return 204; } fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index /index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\\.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } }
2) 对django项目的配置
server { listen 888; server_name localhost; access_log /data/log/nginx/myjumpserver_access.log main; error_log /data/log/nginx/myjumpserver_error.log; location / { uwsgi_pass 192.168.10.55:8888; include uwsgi_params; } # django项目文件， MyJumpserver，静态资源这里加载 location /static { alias /opt/wwwroot/MyJumpserver/static/; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } # 访问localhost:80 ===>192.168.10.13:8888（uwsgi服务提供的）
3）对django项目后台管理的配置
server { listen 8000; server_name localhost; access_log /data/log/nginx/pvzstar_access.log main; error_log /data/log/nginx/pvzstar_error.log; location / { uwsgi_pass 192.168.2.155:8888; include uwsgi_params; } # django项目文件， MyJumpserver，静态资源这里加载 location /static { alias /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/; } # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }
4）配置php项目
server { listen 80; server_name test.php.com; #server_name 192.168.2.41; access_log /data/log/nginx/test.php_access.log main; error_log /data/log/nginx/test.php_error.log; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Real_IP $remote_addr; location / { root /opt/wwwroot/test.php.com.cn/; index index.php index.html index.htm; } location /nginx_status { stub_status on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /404.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } location ~ .*\\.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #fastcgi_pass UNIX:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /opt/wwwroot/test.php.com.cn$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; if ( $fastcgi_script_name ~ \\..*\\/.*php ) { return 403; } } }
5) nginx配置zabbix服务
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /opt/lnmp_zabbix/nginx/conf/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 89; server_name localhost; #access_log /opt/lnmp_zabbix/nginx/log/zabbix.log main; index index.html index.php index.html; root /opt/wwwroot/zabbix; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } location ~ ^(.+.php)(.*)$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(.*)$; include fastcgi.conf; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9001; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }
6) 查看nginx的连接状态
server { listen 8080 default; location /nginx_status { stub_status on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } location /{ return 403; } }
三、nginx作为代理服务
1）代理tcp协议
user nginx; worker_processes 4; worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000; worker_rlimit_nofile 204800; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 204800; use epoll; multi_accept off; } http { include /opt/lnmp_zabbix/nginx/conf/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main \'$remote_addr --- $remote_user --- [$time_local] --- $request --- \' \'"$status" --- $body_bytes_sent --- "$http_referer" --- \' \'"$http_user_agent" --- "$http_x_forwarded_for"\'; log_format mtr \'$remote_addr [$time_local] "$request_uri" \' \'$status "$http_referer" \' \'"$http_user_agent" "$host"\'; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 30; client_header_timeout 30; client_body_timeout 40; server_tokens off; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; include /opt/lnmp_zabbix/nginx/conf/vhost/*.conf; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; #fastcgi_buffer_size 16k; #fastcgi_buffers 16 16k; #fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 16k; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 2k; large_client_header_buffers 4 4k; client_max_body_size 100k; open_file_cache max=51200 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; } stream { upstream cloudsocket { hash $remote_addr consistent; # $binary_remote_addr; server 192.168.0.12:3306 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; } server { listen 80;#数据库服务器监听端口 proxy_connect_timeout 10s; proxy_timeout 300s;#设置客户端和代理服务之间的超时时间，如果5分钟内没操作将自动断开。 proxy_pass cloudsocket; } }
2.1)代理http服务
server { listen 10051; server_name 110.110.110.110; charset utf8; location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.1.222; } }
2.2) 代理http的更多参数优化
upstream 192.168.1.29 { server 192.168.1.25:80; } server { listen 80; server_name 192.168.1.29; charset utf8; location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.1.29; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } }
2.3) 代理http服务, 加入白名单
server { listen 80; server_name 192.168.2.95; access_log /opt/lnmp_zabbix/nginx/log/zabbix2.log main; error_log /opt/lnmp_zabbix/nginx/log/zabbix_error2.log crit; charset utf8; location / { allow 192.168.2.5; # 代理服务下，只有这个ip可以去访问 192.168.2.95:80 proxy_pass http://192.168.2.90:89; deny all; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }
3) 实现nginx的负载均衡
upstream 192.168.1.29 { server 192.168.1.25:80; server 192.168.1.26:80; } server { listen 80; server_name 192.168.1.29; charset utf8; location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.1.29; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } }
4）负载均衡的健康检查
upstream 192.168.10.100 { server 192.168.10.142:8085; #web01 server 192.168.10.100:8085; # web28 check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=3 timeout=3000 type=http port=8085; #check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000 type=http; #check_http_send "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1\\r\\nHost: 10.19.145.144\\r\\n\\r\\n"; #check_http_expect_alive http_2xx http_3xx ; } server { listen 81; server_name 192.168.10.100; charset utf8; access_log /data/log/mytestpvz2/cloud.pvz2android.popcap.com.cn_access.log main; error_log /data/log/mytestpvz2/cloud.pvz2android.popcap.com.cn_error.log; location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.10.100; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } }
5）网络代理。现象：有2台互通的机器，但是有一台有网络，有一台，没有网络，因为没有dns，如何让没有网络的机器能使用yum源
server { resolver 192.168.10.1 192.168.2.1; # dns resolver_timeout 5s; listen 8000; server_name 0.0.0.0; access_log /data/log/nginx/myjumpserver_access.log main; error_log /data/log/nginx/myjumpserver_error.log; location / { proxy_pass $scheme://$host$request_uri; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $Host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarder-For $Host; proxy_buffering on; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_cache_valid 200 320 10m; proxy_cache_valid 301 1h; proxy_cache_valid any 1m; # include /data/app/nginx/conf/proxy.conf; } }
二、location 配置
1）配置server标签加载 location
server { listen 443 ssl; server_name app-portal-zyd1.eniot.io; #ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/Server_wildcard_eniot_io_20180308.cer; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/Server_wildcard_eniot_io_20180308.key; ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!ADH:!DH:!DSA:!DES:!3DES:!SEED:!RC4:!MD5:!CBC; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" always; #add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN"; error_log /var/log/nginx-error.log debug; client_max_body_size 100m; client_header_buffer_size 64k; large_client_header_buffers 4 64k; underscores_in_headers on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/app-portal/*.conf; } server { listen 80; server_name app-portal-zyd1.eniot.io; return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } server { listen 80; server_name app-portal-zyd1.yngj.spic gzyj.yngj.spic; client_max_body_size 100m; client_header_buffer_size 64k; large_client_header_buffers 4 64k; underscores_in_headers on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/app-portal/*.conf; }
配置 location
location /yunnan-trade-nfe/ { proxy_pass http://yunnan-trade-nfe.apaas-zyd1.eniot.io; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade"; #proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_connect_timeout 9000; proxy_send_timeout 9000; proxy_read_timeout 9000; } location /yunnan-trade-web/ { proxy_pass http://yunnan-trade-web.apaas-zyd1.eniot.io/; proxy_set_header X-REAL-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_connect_timeout 9000; proxy_send_timeout 9000; proxy_read_timeout 9000; }
注意 proxy_pass 请求是否携带斜杠
访问携带斜杠的做法
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