linux下配置nginx负载均衡例子

Posted 2021-02-11 我俩绝配

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准备2台虚拟机：

分别在两个虚拟机上安装tomcat，并在服务器A安装nginx，其中nginx端口设置为了 70。

服务器A的tomcat安装目录：

服务器B的tomcat安装目录：

服务器A的nginx安装目录：

准备test.jsp文件，分别上传到tomcat的 ROOT 目录下：

上传到服务器A的test.jsp ：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Test Page</title>
</head>
<body>
Test1 Page!!!<br/>
remote ip :   <%=request.getHeader("X-real-ip") %>  <br/>
nginx server ip : <%=request.getRemoteAddr()%>
</body>
</html>

上传到服务器B 的test.jsp ：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Test Page</title>
</head>
<body>
Test2 Page!!!<br/>
remote ip :   <%=request.getHeader("X-real-ip") %>  <br/>
nginx server ip : <%=request.getRemoteAddr()%>
</body>
</html>

其中的 request.getHeader("X-real-ip") 用来获取在nginx里面设置的客户端的真实IP，request.getRemoteAddr() 获取的是代理服务器nginx的IP。

nginx 配置文件nginx.conf ：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  \'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" \'
                      \'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" \'
                      \'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"\';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    #
    #
    #webapp
    upstream myapp {   
          server 192.168.85.3:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;   
          server 192.168.85.4:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;   
    } 

    server {
        listen       70;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        


        location / {
        #设置客户端真实ip地址
        proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;        
        #负载均衡反向代理
        proxy_pass http://myapp;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

    #配置反向代理tomcat服务器：拦截.jsp结尾的请求转向到tomcat
        #location ~ \\.jsp$ {
        #设置客户端真实ip地址
    #    proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;    
        #    proxy_pass http://192.168.85.3:8080;
        #}    

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the php scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \\.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \\.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache\'s document root
        # concurs with nginx\'s one
        #
        #location ~ /\\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
    #
    server {
        listen 8888;
        server_name lhy.com;
    
        access_log  logs/lhy.access.log  main;
        
        location /{
        #正则表达式匹配uri方式：在/usr/local/nginx/lhy下建立一个test1234.html 然后使用正则匹配
    #location ~ test {
        #重写语法：if return (条件 = ~ ~*)
        #if ($remote_addr = 192.168.85.1) {
        #    return 401;
        #}
                
        if ($http_user_agent ~* firefox) {
            rewrite ^.*$ /firefox.html;
            break; 
        } 

        root lhy;
            index index.html;
        }
    
    location /goods {
        rewrite "goods-(\\d{1,5})\\.html" /goods-ctrl.html;
        root lhy;
        index index.html;
    }
    }
}

启动nginx、两台tomcat，访问反向代理服务器nginx：http://192.168.85.3:70/test.jsp。

第一次访问，访问的是服务器A：

第二次访问，访问的是服务器B：

nginx+tomcat实现的反向代理+负载均衡至此实现。

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