flaskweb开发实战，入门进阶和原理解析第二章，http部分实例
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import os from jinja2 import escape from flask import Flask, make_response,request, redirect,url_for,abort,session,jsonify from urllib.parse import urlparse, urljoin from jinja2.utils import generate_lorem_ipsum app = Flask(__name__) app.secret_key = os.getenv(‘SECRET_KEY‘, ‘ secret string‘) # 从查询字段和cookies 获取名字 @app.route(‘/‘) @app.route(‘/hello‘) def hello(): name = request.args.get(‘name‘) if name is None: name = request.cookies.get(‘name‘, ‘Human‘) response = ‘<h1>Hello %s!</h1>‘ % escape(name) # return different response according to the user‘s authentication status if ‘logged_in‘ in session: response += ‘[Authenticated]‘ else: response += ‘[Not Authenticated]‘ return response # 重定向例子 @app.route(‘/hi‘) def hi(): return redirect(url_for(‘hello‘)) # url_for表示程序内路径，去找hello函数 @app.route(‘/goback/<int:year>‘) def go_back(year): return "<h1>welcome to %d"%(2018-year) @app.route(‘/colors/<any(blue, white, red):color>‘) def three_color(color): return "<p>Love is patient and kind. Love is not jealous or boastful or pround or rude.</p>" @app.route(‘/brew/<drink>‘) def reapot(drink): if drink == ‘coffee‘: abort(418) else: return ‘a drink of tea‘ @app.route(‘/404‘) def not_found(): abort(404) # 返回不同的数据类型(MIME类型) @app.route(‘/note‘, defaults={‘content_type‘: ‘text‘}) @app.route(‘/note/<content_type>‘) def note(content_type): content_type = content_type.lower() if content_type == ‘text‘: body = ‘‘‘Note to: Peter from: Jane heading: Reminder body: Don‘t forget the party! ‘‘‘ response = make_response(body) response.mimetype = ‘text/plain‘ elif content_type == ‘html‘: body = ‘‘‘<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head></head> <body> <h1>Note</h1> <p>to: Peter</p> <p>from: Jane</p> <p>heading: Reminder</p> <p>body: <strong>Don‘t forget the party!</strong></p> </body> </html> ‘‘‘ response = make_response(body) response.mimetype = ‘text/html‘ elif content_type == ‘xml‘: body = ‘‘‘<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <note> <to>Peter</to> <from>Jane</from> <heading>Reminder</heading> <body>Don‘t forget the party!</body> </note> ‘‘‘ response = make_response(body) response.mimetype = ‘application/xml‘ elif content_type == ‘json‘: body = {"note": { "to": "Peter", "from": "Jane", "heading": "Remider", "body": "Don‘t forget the party!" } } response = jsonify(body) # equal to: # response = make_response(json.dumps(body)) # response.mimetype = "application/json" else: abort(400) return response # 设置cookie @app.route(‘/set/<name>‘) def set_cookies(name): response = make_response(redirect(url_for(‘hello‘))) response.set_cookie(‘name‘, name) return response # 实现用户登录 2-5 @app.route(‘/login‘) def login(): session[‘logged_in‘] = True return redirect(url_for(‘hello‘)) # 保护视图 @app.route(‘/admin‘) def admin(): if ‘logged_in‘ not in session: abort(403) return ‘welcome to admin page‘ @app.route(‘/logout‘) def logout(): if ‘logged_in‘ in session: session.pop(‘logged_in‘) return redirect(url_for(‘hello‘)) # 返回上一个页面 @app.route(‘/foo‘) def foo(): return ‘<h1>Foo page</h1><a href="%s"> Do something and redirect</a>‘ % url_for(‘do_something‘, next=request.full_path) @app.route(‘/bar‘) def bar(): return ‘<h1>Bar page</h1> <a href="%s"> Do something and redicrect</a>‘ % url_for(‘do_something‘, next=request.full_path) @app.route(‘/do-something‘) def do_something(): # do something return redirect_back() def is_safe_url(target): ref_url = urlparse(request.host_url) # 获取主机url test_url = urlparse(urljoin(request.host_url, target)) return test_url.scheme in (‘http‘, ‘https‘) and ref_url.netloc == test_url.netloc def redirect_back(default=‘hello‘, **kwargs): for target in request.args.get(‘next‘), request.referrer: if not target: continue if is_safe_url(target): return redirect(target) return redirect(url_for(‘default‘, **kwargs)) # AJAX 点击按钮加载更多文本 @app.route(‘/post‘) def show_post(): post_body = generate_lorem_ipsum(n=2) # 生成两段随即文本 return ‘‘‘ <h1>A very long post</h1> <div class="body">%s</div> <button id="load">Load More</button> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $(‘#load‘).click(function(){ $.ajax({ url:‘/more‘, type:‘get‘, success:function(data){ $(‘.body‘).append(data); } }) }) }) </script>‘‘‘ % post_body @app.route(‘/more‘) def load_post(): return generate_lorem_ipsum(n=1)
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