关于RabbitMQ服务器整合
Posted 大象
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准备工作
- 15min
- IDEA
- maven 3.0
在开始构建项目之前,机器需要安装rabbitmq,你可以去官网下载,http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ,如果你是用的Mac(程序员都应该用mac吧),你可以这样下载:
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brew install rabbitmq |
安装完成后开启服务器:
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rabbitmq-server |
开启服务器成功,你可以看到以下信息:
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RabbitMQ 3.1 . 3 . Copyright (C) 2007 - 2013 VMware, Inc. ## ## Licensed under the MPL. See http: //www.rabbitmq.com/ ## ## ########## Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit @localhost .log ###### ## /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit @localhost -sasl.log ########## Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins. |
构建工程
构架一个SpringBoot工程,其pom文件依赖加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依赖:
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<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> |
创建消息接收者
在任何的消息队列程序中,你需要创建一个消息接收者,用于响应发送的消息。
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@Component public class Receiver { private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch( 1 ); public void receiveMessage(String message) { System.out.println( "Received <" + message + ">" ); latch.countDown(); } public CountDownLatch getLatch() { return latch; } } |
消息接收者是一个简单的POJO类,它定义了一个方法去接收消息,当你注册它去接收消息,你可以给它取任何的名字。其中,它有CountDownLatch这样的一个类,它是用于告诉发送者消息已经收到了,你不需要在应用程序中具体实现它,只需要latch.countDown()就行了。
创建消息监听,并发送一条消息
在spring程序中,RabbitTemplate提供了发送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需简单的配置下就行了:
- 需要一个消息监听容器
- 声明一个quene,一个exchange,并且绑定它们
- 一个组件去发送消息
代码清单如下:
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package com.forezp; import com.forezp.message.Receiver; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding; import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication { final static String queueName = "spring-boot" ; @Bean Queue queue() { return new Queue(queueName, false ); } @Bean TopicExchange exchange() { return new TopicExchange( "spring-boot-exchange" ); } @Bean Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName); } @Bean SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory, MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) { SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(); container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); container.setQueueNames(queueName); container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter); return container; } @Bean MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) { return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage" ); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication. class , args); } } |
创建一个测试方法:
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@Component public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner { private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; private final Receiver receiver; private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { this .receiver = receiver; this .rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate; this .context = context; } @Override public void run(String... args) throws Exception { System.out.println( "Sending message..." ); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!" ); receiver.getLatch().await( 10000 , TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); context.close(); } } |
启动程序,你会发现控制台打印:
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Sending message... Received <Hello from RabbitMQ!> |
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