微信模板消息推送

Posted 2021-01-31 温而新

微信公众号消息推送

前提

环境: python 3 

框架: django 1.11.9

需要有自己的服务器来响应微信发送的Token验证~~

当然, 下面的代码用上了博主的服务器, 直接复制博主的也能用, 如果没有响应, 说明博主没启服务

测试环境

这里先介绍测试号的开发；

测试接口链接: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login

 点击链接进入页面，会看到一个二维码，用微信扫描后就会分配给你一个微信公众测试账号；

如下

当然也可以多人测试;

然后找到如下这个位置，点击“新增测试模板”按钮，填写

 注意要修改的地方 :

 

 

下面是相关代码:　

urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^bind/$\', views.bind),
    url(r\'^bind_qcode/$\', views.bind_qcode),
    url(r\'^callback/$\', views.callback),
    url(r\'^sendmsg/$\', views.sendmsg),
]

urls.py

# ############# 微信 ##############
WECHAT_CONFIG = {
    \'app_id\': \'自己的测试号appID\',
    \'appsecret\': \'自己的测试号appsecret\',
    \'redirect_uri\': \'http://140.143.63.45:8080/callback/\',  # 服务器响应url
    \'template_id\': "自己的模板ID"
}

settings.py

import json
import time
import functools
import requests
from django.conf import settings
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from app01 import models



def bind(request):
    """
    关注公众号，并绑定个人微信（用于以后消息推送）
    """
    return render(request, \'bind.html\')


def bind_qcode(request):
    """
    生成二维码
    """
    ret = {\'code\': 1000}
    try:
        access_url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid={appid}&redirect_uri={redirect_uri}&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state={state}#wechat_redirect"
        access_url = access_url.format(
            appid=settings.WECHAT_CONFIG["app_id"],
            redirect_uri=settings.WECHAT_CONFIG["redirect_uri"],
            state=request.session[\'user_info\'][\'uid\']
        )
        ret[\'data\'] = access_url
    except Exception as e:
        ret[\'code\'] = 1001
        ret[\'msg\'] = str(e)

    return JsonResponse(ret)


def callback(request):
    """
    用户在手机微信上扫码后，微信自动调用该方法。
    用于获取扫码用户的唯一ID，以后用于给他推送消息。
    """
    code = request.GET.get("code")

    # 用户UID
    state = request.GET.get("state")

    # 获取该用户openId(用户唯一，用于给用户发送消息)
    res = requests.get(
        url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token",
        params={
            "appid": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG["app_id"],
            "secret": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG["appsecret"],
            "code": code,
            "grant_type": \'authorization_code\',
        }
    ).json()
    # 获取的到openid表示用户授权成功

    openid = res.get("openid")
    if openid:
        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(uid=state).update(wx_id=openid)
        response = "<h1>授权成功 %s </h1>" % openid
    else:
        response = "<h1>用户扫码之后，发送的消息~~</h1>"
    return HttpResponse(response)


def sendmsg(request):
    def get_access_token():
        """
        获取微信全局接口的凭证(默认有效期俩个小时)
        如果不每天请求次数过多, 通过设置缓存即可
        """
        result = requests.get(
            url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token",
            params={
                "grant_type": "client_credential",
                "appid": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG[\'app_id\'],
                "secret": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG[\'appsecret\'],
            }
        ).json()
        if result.get("access_token"):
            access_token = result.get(\'access_token\')
        else:
            access_token = None
        return access_token

    access_token = get_access_token()

    openid = models.UserInfo.objects.get(id=1).wx_id

    def send_custom_msg():
        body = {
            "touser": "oxdWJ1CwhFai5Gwq4GpZO3Cfls-0",
            "msgtype": "text",
            "text": {
                "content": \'要发送的内容~~\'
            }
        }
        response = requests.post(
            url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send",
            params={
                \'access_token\': access_token
            },
            data=bytes(json.dumps(body, ensure_ascii=False), encoding=\'utf-8\')
        )
        # 这里可根据回执code进行判定是否发送成功(也可以根据code根据错误信息)
        result = response.json()
        return result

    def send_template_msg():
        """
        发送模版消息
        """
        res = requests.post(
            url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send",
            params={
                \'access_token\': access_token
            },
            json={
                "touser": openid,
                "template_id": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG[\'template_id\'],
                "data": {
                    "time": {
                        "DATA": "2018-12-28",
                        "color": "#173177"
                    },
                    "name": {
                        "DATA": "李二",
                        "color": "#173177"
                    },
                },
            }
        )
        result = res.json()
        print(result, \'<--result\')
        return result

    # result = send_custom_msg()
    result = send_template_msg()
    
    if result.get(\'errcode\') == 0:
        return HttpResponse(\'发送成功\')
    return HttpResponse(\'发送失败\')

views.py

 

注意: 上面的代码并非完整的代码, 有些地方还需自行修改