CentOS 7nginx配置web服务器

Posted 2021-01-28 BH8ANK

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1，安装过程

[root@VM_1_14_centos ~]# cd /data/
[root@VM_1_14_centos data]# wget  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.7.tar.gz
[root@VM_1_14_centos data]# tar -xvf nginx-1.15.7.tar.gz
[root@VM_1_14_centos data]# mkdir //usr/local/nginx -p
[root@VM_1_14_centos data]# ll
total 1008
drwxr-xr-x 9 1001 1001    4096 Dec 17 15:16 nginx-1.15.7
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1026732 Nov 27 22:51 nginx-1.15.7.tar.gz
[root@VM_1_14_centos data]# cd nginx-1.15.7/
[root@VM_1_14_centos nginx-1.15.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
[root@VM_1_14_centos nginx-1.15.7]#make&&make install

2，假设服务器外网IP为129.129.129.129，需要通过web访问的index文件是 /usr/index.html，index.html文件内容是：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
        <head>
                <meta charset="UTF-8">
                <title></title>
        </head>
        <body>
                <h1>标题1</h1>
                <h2>标题2</h2>
                <h3>标题3</h3>
                <h4>标题4</h4>
                <h5>标题5</h5>
                <h6>标题6</h6>
                <h7>标题7</h7>
        </body>
</html>

同时，需要访问某个图片文件/usr/1.png

3，此时我们需要配置nginx

[root@VM_1_14_centos /]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@VM_1_14_centos conf]# 
[root@VM_1_14_centos conf]# 
[root@VM_1_14_centos conf]# 
[root@VM_1_14_centos conf]# vim nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  \'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" \'
    #                  \'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" \'
    #                  \'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"\';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;　　　　　　　　　　　  #这里需要我们设置web访问的端口
        server_name  129.xxx.xxx.xxx;       #这里设置web访问的IP，最终在浏览器访问    129.xxx.xxx.xxx:80/index.html　　　　

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {                                  #这里很重要，原因参考下一行
            root   /usr;                              #这里更重要，root是指直接访问 IP：port 时，获取文件的根目录，如果上一行设置为 / ，则直接访问IP：port会去拉取 /usr下面的index.html
            index  index.html index.htm;              #接上一行，如果location后面设置了目录  /abc ，则访问IP：port时，会拉取 /usr/abc/index.html.
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the php scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \\.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \\.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache\'s document root
        # concurs with nginx\'s one
        #
        #location ~ /\\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

4，启动nginx服务，使用上面的配置文件

[root@VM_1_14_centos sbin]# pwd
/usr/local/nginx/sbin
[root@VM_1_14_centos sbin]# ./nginx -t #检查配置文件是否正确无误
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@VM_1_14_centos sbin]# ./nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  #使用上一步配置的nginx.conf启动nginx服务
[root@VM_1_14_centos sbin]# ps -aux | grep nginx
root      6341  0.0  0.0  20552   620 ?        Ss   16:04   0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody    6342  0.0  0.0  23088  1396 ?        S    16:04   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      6360  0.0  0.0 112708   980 pts/1    S+   16:05   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx