VMware Linux Guest 增加磁盘无需重启的方法

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摘要

    常常需要需要给VMware Linux Guest增加磁盘适配一些测试场景，而又不想花费时间重启Guest，查找文档，发现一种简单的方法，记录一下操作步骤。

操作步骤

1 编辑Linux Guest配置，增加磁盘

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下一步，直到完成所有的创建步骤。
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 2 扫描SCSI Bus，添加SCSI设备

为了验证效果，先看看当前的磁盘设备，很明显，没有扫描到刚添加的磁盘。
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# fdisk -l
  3. Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
  4. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
  5. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  7. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  8. /dev/sda1 * 1 38 305203+ 83 Linux
  9. /dev/sda2 39 2353 18595237+ 83 Linux
  10. /dev/sda3 2354 2610 2064352+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
  12. Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
  13. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
  14. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  16. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  17. /dev/sdb1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
 
查看scsi_host信息
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# ls /sys/class/scsi_host
  2. host0 host11 host14 host17 host2 host22 host25 host28 host30 host6 host9
  3. host1 host12 host15 host18 host20 host23 host26 host29 host4 host7
  4. host10 host13 host16 host19 host21 host24 host27 host3 host5 host8
 
我们添加的磁盘是在host0，扫描host0
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
  2. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]#
 
查看/proc/scsi/scsi信息，应该多了一个Id等于2的SCSI设备
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi
  2. Attached devices:
  3. Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  4. Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  5. Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
  6. Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00
  7. Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  8. Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
  9. Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  10. Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware SATA CD00 Rev: 1.00
  11. Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05
  12. Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 02 Lun: 00
  13. Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  14. Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
 
fdisk查看磁盘设备，扫描到了 /dev/sdc
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# fdisk -l
  3. Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
  4. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
  5. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  7. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  8. /dev/sda1 * 1 38 305203+ 83 Linux
  9. /dev/sda2 39 2353 18595237+ 83 Linux
  10. /dev/sda3 2354 2610 2064352+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
  12. Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
  13. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
  14. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  16. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  17. /dev/sdb1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
  19. Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
  20. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
  21. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  23. Disk /dev/sdc doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

3 格式化并创建挂载点

  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
  2. mke4fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
  3. /dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
  4. Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
  5. Filesystem label=
  6. OS type: Linux
  7. Block size=4096 (log=2)
  8. ......
  9. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# mkdir /data
  10. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# mount /dev/sdc /data/
  11. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# df -h
  12. Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
  13. /dev/sda2 18G 11G 5.5G 67% /
  14. /dev/sda1 289M 30M 245M 11% /boot
  15. tmpfs 941M 0 941M 0% /dev/shm
  16. /dev/sdb1 9.9G 220M 9.2G 3% /logvol
  17. /dev/sdc 20G 172M 19G 1% /data

拓展

这里顺便提一下，如果需要添加一个指定设备名的设备，可以参照下面的语法：
echo "scsi add-single-device <H> <B> <T> <L>" > /proc/scsi/scsi
其中：
<H> : Host
<B> : Bus (Channel)
<T> : Target (Id)
<L> : LUN numbers
 
测试一下，我们先把之前的/dev/sdc删除，执行echo 1 > /sys/block/devname/device/delete，可根据设备名删除指定设备：
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# ls /sys/block/
  2. fd0 ram0 ram10 ram12 ram14 ram2 ram4 ram6 ram8 sda sdc
  3. md0 ram1 ram11 ram13 ram15 ram3 ram5 ram7 ram9 sdb sr0
  4. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# echo 1 > /sys/block/sdc/device/delete
  5. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# ls /sys/block/
  6. fd0 ram0 ram10 ram12 ram14 ram2 ram4 ram6 ram8 sda sr0
  7. md0 ram1 ram11 ram13 ram15 ram3 ram5 ram7 ram9 sdb
 
添加一个设备：host # 0, bus # 0, target # 2 and LUN # 0
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# echo "scsi add-single-device 0 0 2 0">/proc/scsi/scsi
 
查看/proc/scsi/scsi和磁盘设备
  1. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi
  2. Attached devices:
  3. Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  4. Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  5. Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
  6. Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00
  7. Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  8. Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
  9. Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  10. Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware SATA CD00 Rev: 1.00
  11. Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05
  12. Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 02 Lun: 00
  13. Vendor: VMware, Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  14. Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
  16. [[email protected]_RHEL5_5_x64 /]# fdisk -l
  18. Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
  19. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
  20. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  22. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  23. /dev/sda1 * 1 38 305203+ 83 Linux
  24. /dev/sda2 39 2353 18595237+ 83 Linux
  25. /dev/sda3 2354 2610 2064352+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
  27. Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
  28. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
  29. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  31. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  32. /dev/sdb1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
  34. Disk /dev/sdd: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
  35. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
  36. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  38. Disk /dev/sdd doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

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