nginx 配置lets Encrypt永久免费SSL证书过程教程

Posted 2021-01-21 forjie

云服务商：阿里云 
服务器：针对nginx服务器； 
假设域名：example.com www.example.com 
假设IP：137.137.137.137

 

1,先安装nginx服务器

sudo apt-get install nginx
sudo service nginx start

2,安装letsencrypt

sudo apt-get install letsencrypt

3,签发证书

很简单，直接运行letsencrypt命令即可
sudo letsencrypt certonly --webroot -w /var/www/html -d example.com -d www.example.com

4,git clone项目

首先安装git 和bc ,并从github上将代码克隆到本地

sudo git clone https://github.com/certbot/certbot /opt/certbot-master

5,安装依赖   ---这里指的是centeros

sudo /opt/certbot-master/letsencrypt-auto --help –standalone –email 邮箱地址（邮箱地址是用来接收紧急通知和找回密钥的） –d 域名

中间会出现界面验证你的邮箱地址是否有效 
命令完成后，最新版本的证书位置：/etc/letsencrypt/live/域名

cert.pem 申请的服务器证书文件 
privkey.pem 服务器证书对应的私钥 
chain.pem 除服务器证书外，浏览器解析所需的其他全部证书，比如根证书和中间证书 
fullchain.pem 包含服务器证书的全部证书链文件

配置nginx,需要生成dhparam.pem文件

sudo openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem 2048

6,在nginx里面配置

一般情况下只需要privkey.pem和fullchain.pem这两个就够了

server {
        listen 443 ssl;
        server_name 域名;
        ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/域名/fullchain.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/域名/privkey.pem;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem;
        ssl_ciphers ‘ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA‘;
        ssl_session_timeout 1d;
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
        ssl_stapling on;
        ssl_stapling_verify on;
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
        # The rest of your server block
        root /path/to/root;
        index index.html index.htm;
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }
}

7,配置完成后

配置完成后重启nginx 
在谷歌浏览器中输入域名，谷歌浏览器查看详情

或者通过此网址查询：https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=域名 

8,自动续期

自动续期问题：（注意关闭nginx）输入 
./letsencrypt-auto renew 手动续期会发现提示还未到期，无法续期 

强制更新续期 

./letsencrypt-auto renew --force-renewal

这样的话就显示续期成功 
可以写一个脚本，创建个定时任务，定期自动续期。