Linux 配置 LVM 逻辑卷

Posted 2021-01-20

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1.1.系统版本：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

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2.1.查看系统磁盘状况：
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00064b7e

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1026048 41943039 20458496 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7161e435

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 15.7 GB, 15703474176 bytes, 30670848 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 5242 MB, 5242880000 bytes, 10240000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/vggroup001-lvdata: 20.4 GB, 20401094656 bytes, 39845888 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

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3.1 使用 fdisk 创建分区，进入分区管理

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x17068859.

Command (m for help): n # 新建分区。
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended # 扩展分区。
Select (default p): p # 新建分区为主分区 。
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 # 分区的ID 号。
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t # 修改分区格式。
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e # 类型改为 8e。
Changed type of partition ‘Linux‘ to ‘Linux LVM‘

Command (m for help): p # 查看当前分区。

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x17068859

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 41943039 20970496 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w # 保存。
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

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4.1 创建 PV。
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1 # 创建 PV。
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.
[[email protected] ~]# partprobe

[[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay # 查看 PV。
"/dev/sdc1" is a new physical volume of "<20.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc1
VG Name
PV Size <20.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID xED2qY-b0XV-8MXi-61nG-0aiV-E4qX-Sz2EpI

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5..1 创建 VG
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate vgGroup001 /dev/sdc1 # 创建VG。
Volume group "vgGroup001" successfully created

[[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay                                    # 查看 VG。
  --- Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sdc1
VG Name vgGroup001
PV Size <20.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 5119
Free PE 5119
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID xED2qY-b0XV-8MXi-61nG-0aiV-E4qX-Sz2EpI

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6..1 创建 LV
7.[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 19G -n lvdata vgGroup001 # 创建 LV。
Logical volume "lvdata" created.

[[email protected] ~]# lvdisplay # 查看 LV.
LV Path /dev/vgGroup001/lvdata
LV Name lvdata
VG Name vgGroup001
LV UUID jnoLUA-1vQF-sauB-PY75-kqLe-o13p-fdwK8e
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-11-15 03:43:40 -0500
LV Status available

LV Size 19.00 GiB
Current LE 4864
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

• currently set to 8192
  Block device 253:3
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7.1 格式化磁盘。
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vgGroup001/lvdata

8.1 配置临时挂载
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/vgGroup001/lvdata /data/

9.1 配置开机自动挂载
[[email protected] ~]# blkid /dev/vgGroup001/lvdata # 查看磁盘UUID
/dev/vgGroup001/lvdata: UUID="3c7b53fe-0178-42d1-82cb-55183cdf1a78" TYPE="ext4

9.1.1.编辑文件/etc/fstab，在文件末尾添加一行
UUID="3c7b53fe-0178-42d1-82cb-55183cdf1a78 /data ext4 defaults 0 2

参数解释：
UUID=bb84333a-6a0d-4285-a14c-cf8b5da88d61：要挂载的磁盘分区的UUID
/data：挂载目录
ext4：分区格式为ext4
defaults：挂载时所要设定的参数(只读，读写，启用quota等)，输入defaults包括的参数有(rw、dev、exec、auto、nouser、async)
0：使用dump是否要记录，0为不需要，1为需要
2：2是开机时检查的顺序，boot系统文件为1，其他文件系统都为2，如不要检查就为0