Linux上的ftp服务器vsftpd之配置满天飞--设置匿名用户访问(不弹出用户名密码框)以及其他用户可正常上传

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一、问题背景

没事谁折腾这鬼玩意哦。。。还不是因为bug。

我们的应用,用户头像是存在ftp上的。之前的ftp服务器是一台windows,我们后台服务器程序收到用户上传头像的请求时,会用一个ROOT/ROOT的账户,连接ftp服务器。

获取到连接后,即进行上传。

上传:上传文件则存放在ROOT用户的home 目录(在windows上装的是server-U来充当ftp服务器,所以就是在Server-U里面配置了ROOT用户的home目录)。

上传完成后,会得到一个ftp协议类型的url。范例如:

ftp://10.10.20.2/userphoto/user7.png。

客户端拿到该url后,即用ftp客户端的库连接该url,获取到文件流,下载下来,进行展示。

 

这两天,ftp服务器从windows变到了redhat上。今天下午,测试突然报了个bug过来,说是用户头像不能正常展示了。what?于是开始查找问题。

梳理了半天,发现问题在于:linux上的ftp服务器,采用的是vsftpd软件。因为配置文件没配好的原因,利用前面的“ftp://10.10.20.2/userphoto/user7.png”就访问不到图片。

为什么说没配好呢,一开始报的错是:FTP 550 Failed to change directory

于是按照下面博文里的进行修改:https://blog.csdn.net/coreyC/article/details/80866533

 

没想到一波三折。

 

二、匿名访问

关于匿名访问,如果不成功的话,那么,请首先去下载一个工具,winscp。

按照下面的方式去进行匿名访问:

 

如果匿名登录失败的话,会提示具体的原因。

 

三、匿名上传

错误提示1:553 Could not create file

这个提示,有一个原因是,匿名用户的主目录,主目录的意思是,每个用户登录进去后所在的目录,后续的读取、上传都会在这个目录,相当于用户的base目录吧。

如果主目录的权限不够,就会提示这个问题,一般直接野蛮改为777权限。

至于主目录在哪? 在配置文件中通过以下选项进行配置:

anon_root=/data/ftp

 

如下图所示,需要把主目录权限改为777,即可匿名上传:

 

修改权限的命令:

 chmod 777 /data/ftp

 

下述的报错也是同样的问题:

500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable anonymous root

 

二、支持匿名访问/上传的配置文件

正确的配置贴一份,这份配置再加上,对目录进行必要的权限设置,基本可以摆平大多数情况:

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd\'s
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
# 这里需要打开,允许匿名访问 anonymous_enable
=YES

  #https://blog.csdn.net/bluishglc/article/details/42399439
  allow_writeable_chroot=YES


#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# 之前说到我们用ROOT/ROOT来访问ftp,我们这里,ROOT/ROOT是我们的linux可以登录的用户名密码。要允许这类用户访问ftp,需要开启下面的选项 local_enable
=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
# 要允许写入操作。否则应该不能上传文件 write_enable
=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd\'s) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# 匿名上传,需要配合write_enable=yes anon_upload_enable
=YES
# # Uncomment this
if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories.
# 允许匿名用户创建目录; anon_mkdir_write_enable
=YES
#控制匿名用户对文件和文件夹的删除和重命名 anon_other_write_enable
=YES
# # Activate directory messages
- messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file. # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files. # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_local_user=YES #chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES
#匿名用户的根目录。这个非常重要 anon_root
=/home/ROOT
#匿名用户不要密码就靠这个 no_anon_password
=YES
#本地用户,如我们上传用的用户(ROOT/ROOT)的根目录。当然,我们给匿名配了那么多,估计匿名也能上传了。 local_root
=/home/ROOT
#该选项暂时不太清楚 ftp_username
=ROOT

 

 

参考资料:

https://blog.csdn.net/haoge921026/article/details/51956983

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