OpenStack教程-03.在CentOS7.5上安装OpenStack-Rocky-安装Keyston认证服务组件

Posted 2021-01-15 天生帅才

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本文分享openstack的认证服务组件keystone

--------------- 完美的分割线 ---------------

3.0.keystone认证服务

1）用户与认证：用户权限与用户行为跟踪

User          用户
Tenant        租户
Token         令牌
Role          角色

2）服务目录：提供一个服务目录，包括所有服务项与相关API的端点

Service       服务
Endpoint      端点

3.1.在控制节点创建keystone相关数据库

1）创建keystone数据库并授权

mysql -p123456
--------------------------------
CREATE DATABASE keystone;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘keystone‘;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘keystone‘;
flush privileges;
show databases;
select user,host from mysql.user;
exit
--------------------------------

3.2.在控制节点安装keystone相关软件包

1）安装keystone相关软件包

# 配置Apache服务，使用带有“mod_wsgi”的HTTP服务器来相应认证服务请求，端口为5000和35357，默认情况下，Kestone服务仍然监听这些端口

yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi -y
yum install openstack-keystone python-keystoneclient openstack-utils -y

2）快速修改keystone配置

# 下面使用的快速配置方法需要安装Openstack-utils才可以实现

openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://keystone:[email protected]/keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf token provider fernet

# 注意：keystone不需要连接rabbitmq

# 查看生效的配置

egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

# 其他方式查看生效配置

grep ‘^[a-z]‘ /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

# 实例演示：

[[email protected] tools]# grep ‘^[a-z]‘ /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:[email protected]/keystone
provider = fernet

# keystone不需要启动，通过http服务进行调用

3.3.初始化同步keystone数据库

1）同步keystone数据库（44张）

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

2）同步完成进行连接测试

# 保证所有需要的表已经建立，否则后面可能无法进行下去

mysql -h192.168.1.81 -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;"

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -h192.168.1.81 -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;"
+-----------------------------+
| Tables_in_keystone          |
+-----------------------------+
| access_token                |
| application_credential      |
| application_credential_role |
| assignment                  |
| config_register             |
| consumer                    |
| credential                  |
| endpoint                    |
| endpoint_group              |
| federated_user              |
| federation_protocol         |
| group                       |
| id_mapping                  |
| identity_provider           |
| idp_remote_ids              |
  implied_role                |
▽ limit                       |
| local_user                  |
| mapping                     |
| migrate_version             |
| nonlocal_user               |
| password                    |
| policy                      |
| policy_association          |
| project                     |
| project_endpoint            |
| project_endpoint_group      |
| project_tag                 |
| region                      |
| registered_limit            |
| request_token               |
| revocation_event            |
| role                        |
| sensitive_config            |
| service                     |
| service_provider            |
| system_assignment           |
| token                       |
| trust                       |
| trust_role                  |
| user                        |
| user_group_membership       |
| user_option                 |
| whitelisted_config          |
+-----------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -h192.168.1.81 -ukeystone -pkeystone -e "use keystone;show tables;"|wc -l
45

3.4.初始化Fernet令牌库

# Initialize Fernet key repositories:

# 关于Fernet令牌可以参考：https://blog.csdn.net/wllabs/article/details/79064094

# 以下命令无返回信息

keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

3.5.配置启动Apache（httpd）

1）修改httpd主配置文件

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf +95
------------------- 第95行，启用 ----------------------
ServerName controller
--------------------------------------------------------

# 或者

sed  -i  "s/#ServerName www.example.com:80/ServerName 192.168.1.81/" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf |grep ServerName

2）配置虚拟主机

# 创建keystone虚拟主机配置文件的快捷方式，也可以复制过来

ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

# 或者可以手动编辑创建该文件

cat /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf
--------------------------------------------
[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf
Listen 5000

<VirtualHost *:5000>
    WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    WSGIPassAuthorization On
    LimitRequestBody 114688
    <IfVersion >= 2.4>
      ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
    </IfVersion>
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone.log
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone_access.log combined

    <Directory /usr/bin>
        <IfVersion >= 2.4>
            Require all granted
        </IfVersion>
        <IfVersion < 2.4>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
        </IfVersion>
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Alias /identity /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
<Location /identity>
    SetHandler wsgi-script
    Options +ExecCGI

    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    WSGIPassAuthorization On
</Location>
--------------------------------------------------

3）启动httpd并配置开机自启动

systemctl start httpd.service
systemctl status httpd.service
netstat -anptl|grep httpd

systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl list-unit-files |grep httpd.service

# 如果http起不来，需要关闭 selinux 或者安装 yum install openstack-selinux

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2018-10-26 18:06:20 CST; 98ms ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 1978 (httpd)
   Status: "Processing requests..."
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1978 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1981 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1982 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1983 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1984 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1985 (wsgi:keystone- -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1986 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1988 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1989 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

10月 26 18:06:20 openstack01.zuiyoujie.com systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
10月 26 18:06:20 openstack01.zuiyoujie.com systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -anptl|grep httpd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1978/httpd          
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1978/httpd          
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl list-unit-files |grep httpd.service
httpd.service                                 enabled

# 至此，http服务配置完成

3.6.初始化keystone认证服务

1）创建 keystone 用户,初始化的服务实体和API端点

# 在之前的版本（queens之前），引导服务需要2个端口提供服务（用户5000和管理35357），本版本通过同一个端口提供服务

# 创建keystone服务实体和身份认证服务，以下三种类型分别为公共的、内部的、管理的。

# 需要创建一个密码ADMIN_PASS，作为登陆openstack的管理员用户，这里创建为123456

keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS   --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/   --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/   --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/   --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

# 以下为命令实例：

keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password 123456   --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/   --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/   --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/   --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

# 运行这条命令，会在keystone数据库执增加以下任务，之前的版本需要手动创建：

1）在endpoint表增加3个服务实体的API端点
2）在local_user表中创建admin用户
3）在project表中创建admin和Default项目（默认域）
4）在role表创建3种角色，admin，member和reader
5）在service表中创建identity服务

2）临时配置管理员账户的相关变量进行管理

# 这里的export OS_PASSWORD要使用上面配置的ADMIN_PASS

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

# 查看声明的变量

env |grep OS_

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# env|grep OS_
OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
OS_PASSWORD=123456
OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
OS_USERNAME=admin
OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default

# 之前的版本采用admin_token来设置初始化的管理用户认证令牌，类似下面的

export OS_TOKEN=c0053993bb39ad3de84a
export OS_URL=http://192.168.1.81:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=http://controller:35357/v2.0

附：常用的openstack管理命令，需要应用管理员的环境变量

# 查看keystone实例相关信息

openstack endpoint list
openstack project list
openstack user list

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint list
+----------------------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+----------------------------+
| ID                               | Region    | Service Name | Service Type | Enabled | Interface | URL                        |
+----------------------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+----------------------------+
| b8dabe6c548e435eb2b1f7efe3b23236 | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | admin     | http://controller:5000/v3/ |
| eb72eb6ea51842feb67ba5849beea48c | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | internal  | http://controller:5000/v3/ |
| f172f6159ad34fbd8e10e0d42828d8cd | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | public    | http://controller:5000/v3/ |
+----------------------------------+-----------+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+----------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack project list
+----------------------------------+-----------+
| ID                               | Name      |
+----------------------------------+-----------+
| 3706708374804e2eb4ed056f55d84666 | admin     |
| 84cc7185f2c8461eb19a14968228b272 | myproject |
| b8e318b3c7a844708762169959c34ff8 | service   |
+----------------------------------+-----------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack user list
+----------------------------------+--------+
| ID                               | Name   |
+----------------------------------+--------+
| cbb2b3830a8f44bc837230bca27ae563 | myuser |
| e5dbfc8b394c41679fd5ce229cdd6ed3 | admin  |
+----------------------------------+--------+

# 删除endpoint

# 以前的版本单独创建endpoint可能会出错需要删除，新版本已经优化好，只要系统配置没问题，会自动生成一般也不会出错

openstack endpoint delete [ID]

3.7.创建keystone的一般实例

# Create a domain, projects, users, and roles

https://docs.openstack.org/keystone/rocky/install/keystone-users-rdo.html

1）创建一个名为example的keystone域

# 以下命令会在project表中创建名为example的项目

openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | An Example Domain                |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 17254ea898de477ca4a1f6f3cbc6c5bc |
| name        | example                          |
| tags        | []                               |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

2）为keystone系统环境创建名为service的项目提供服务

# 用于常规（非管理）任务，需要使用无特权用户

# 以下命令会在project表中创建名为service的项目

openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Service Project                  |
| domain_id   | default                          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | b8e318b3c7a844708762169959c34ff8 |
| is_domain   | False                            |
| name        | service                          |
| parent_id   | default                          |
| tags        | []                               |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

3）创建myproject项目和对应的用户及角色

# 作为一般用户（非管理员）的项目，为普通用户提供服务

# 以下命令会在project表中创建名为myproject项目

openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Demo Project                     |
| domain_id   | default                          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 84cc7185f2c8461eb19a14968228b272 |
| is_domain   | False                            |
| name        | myproject                        |
| parent_id   | default                          |
| tags        | []                               |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

4）在默认域创建myuser用户

# 使用--password选项为直接配置明文密码，使用--password-prompt选项为交互式输入密码
# 以下命令会在local_user表增加myuser用户

openstack user create --domain default  --password-prompt myuser    # 交互式输入密码
# openstack user create --domain default  --password=myuser myuser    # 直接创建用户和密码

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack user create --domain default  --password-prompt myuser
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | cbb2b3830a8f44bc837230bca27ae563 |
| name                | myuser                           |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

5）在role表创建myrole角色

openstack role create myrole

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack role create myrole
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field     | Value                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | None                             |
| id        | 75ac33f79cc945afa42a18a3dd0ba0ad |
| name      | myrole                           |
+-----------+----------------------------------+

6）将myrole角色添加到myproject项目中和myuser用户组中

# 以下命令无返回，数据表操作不太明显

openstack role add --project myproject --user myuser myrole

3.8.验证操作keystone是否安装成功

1）去除环境变量

# 关闭临时认证令牌机制，获取 token，验证keystone配置成功

unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
env |grep OS_

2）作为管理员用户去请求一个认证的token

# 测试是否可以使用admin账户进行登陆认证，请求认证令牌

openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default   --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 
>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default >   --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue
Password: 
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2018-10-26T11:48:40+0000                                                                                                                                                                |
| id         | gAAAAABb0vEIENgBaYEBJZSJX7RDelXdM2sHi_hbfT-FHTjd3z5j5Mt-sssJpW1EXeWVAbMdyBI2t9XNCxG5m1XNm_2k1xWP7WnbOYAp1rl2FZCwz4LL0F-mER_bOW-HnE0rjA6YvP0MzW4HVg0eEE_6zACr0R0NaaVytK_eRsvO_Lhco6vacYY |
| project_id | 3706708374804e2eb4ed056f55d84666                                                                                                                                                        |
| user_id    | e5dbfc8b394c41679fd5ce229cdd6ed3                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

3）使用普通用户获取认证token

# 以下命令使用”myuser“用户的密码和API端口5000，只允许对身份认证服务API的常规（非管理）访问。

openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default   --os-project-name myproject --os-username myuser token issue

实例演示：

[[email protected] ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 
>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default >   --os-project-name myproject --os-username myuser token issue
Password: 
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2018-10-26T11:49:18+0000                                                                                                                                                                |
| id         | gAAAAABb0vEuxOrgkmLfcZJl8vB6dJyrHFtvxBT1m7qLYzuD-WkOVoQUzE9mTGcrKE6CrZbLU57Nc7mv-50-ggH9pf2qrW5uWQu7MRJcUb3rgpmoYn7EVdv8X0lGK3IiWEPSF48u1b2y7mEmvYb7TGOFO8l87of6L2aaJmdMxp9KgM87_3Mu2-g |
| project_id | 84cc7185f2c8461eb19a14968228b272                                                                                                                                                        |
| user_id    | cbb2b3830a8f44bc837230bca27ae563                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

3.9.创建OpenStack客户端环境脚本

# Create OpenStack client environment scripts

# 上面使用环境变量和命令选项的组合通过“openstack”客户端与身份认证服务交互。
# 为了提升客户端操作的效率，OpenStack支持简单的客户端环境变量脚本即OpenRC 文件，我这里使用自定义的文件名

1）创建admin用户的环境管理脚本

# vim admin-openrc
cd /server/tools
vim keystone-admin-pass.sh
---------------------------------------------
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
----------------------------------------------
env |grep OS_

# 应用：
如果修改dashboard登陆密码忘记了，可以使用admin_token认证机制修改登陆密码

2）创建普通用户myuser的客户端环境变量脚本

vim keystone-myuser-pass.sh
---------------------------------------------
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=myproject
export OS_USERNAME=myuser
export OS_PASSWORD=myuser
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
----------------------------------------------

3）测试环境管理脚本

# 使用脚本加载相关客户端配置，以便快速使用特定租户和用户运行客户端

source keystone-admin-pass.sh

4）请求认证令牌

openstack token issue

实例演示：

[[email protected] tools]# openstack token issue
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2018-10-26T12:13:28+0000                                                                                                                                                                |
| id         | gAAAAABb0vbYr--LRd1NJ9ZXH68zSR4mIW4hDr6UqqiPmsA7vNEGDcMx8o-6Ihy8o47c5jo5GInOCe9KpKMfbXtdWPz6QkkWzZcFMqwXYS4tUI8DjjamEUBqFwlI10Oxbq7pEIGKVtFdMrOHy3EoLmE1rjY0p4DDm48pt3u8ON807nr0MUa1zIE |
| project_id | 3706708374804e2eb4ed056f55d84666                                                                                                                                                        |
| user_id    | e5dbfc8b394c41679fd5ce229cdd6ed3                                                                                                                                                        |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

# 可以看到user_id和上面用命令获取到的是一样的，说明配置成功

# 至此，keystone安装完毕

============ 完毕，呵呵呵呵 =============

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