Elasticsearch Suggester API(自动补全)

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1.概念

1.补全api主要分为四类

  1. Term Suggester(纠错补全,输入错误的情况下补全正确的单词)
  2. Phrase Suggester(自动补全短语,输入一个单词补全整个短语)
  3. Completion Suggester(完成补全单词,输出如前半部分,补全整个单词)
  4. Context Suggester(上下文补全)

整体效果类似百度搜索,如图:

  

2.Term Suggester(纠错补全)

2.1.api

1.建立索引

PUT /book4
{
  "mappings": {
    "english": {
      "properties": {
        "passage": {
          "type": "text"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2.插入数据

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST \'http:localhost:9200/_bulk\' -d\'
{ "index" : { "_index" : "book4", "_type" : "english" } }
{ "passage": "Lucene is cool"}
{ "index" : { "_index" : "book4", "_type" : "english" } }
{ "passage": "Elasticsearch builds on top of lucene"}
{ "index" : { "_index" : "book4", "_type" : "english" } }
{ "passage": "Elasticsearch rocks"}
{ "index" : { "_index" : "book4", "_type" : "english" } }
{ "passage": "Elastic is the company behind ELK stack"}
{ "index" : { "_index" : "book4", "_type" : "english" } }
{ "passage": "elk rocks"}
{ "index" : { "_index" : "book4", "_type" : "english" } }
{  "passage": "elasticsearch is rock solid"}
\'

3.看下储存的分词有哪些

post /_analyze
{
  "text": [
    "Lucene is cool",
    "Elasticsearch builds on top of lucene",
    "Elasticsearch rocks",
    "Elastic is the company behind ELK stack",
    "elk rocks",
    "elasticsearch is rock solid"
  ]
}

结果:

{
    "tokens": [
        {
            "token": "lucene",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 6,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "is",
            "start_offset": 7,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 1
        },
        {
            "token": "cool",
            "start_offset": 10,
            "end_offset": 14,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 2
        },
        {
            "token": "elasticsearch",
            "start_offset": 15,
            "end_offset": 28,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 103
        },
        {
            "token": "builds",
            "start_offset": 29,
            "end_offset": 35,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 104
        },
        {
            "token": "on",
            "start_offset": 36,
            "end_offset": 38,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 105
        },
        {
            "token": "top",
            "start_offset": 39,
            "end_offset": 42,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 106
        },
        {
            "token": "of",
            "start_offset": 43,
            "end_offset": 45,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 107
        },
        {
            "token": "lucene",
            "start_offset": 46,
            "end_offset": 52,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 108
        },
        {
            "token": "elasticsearch",
            "start_offset": 53,
            "end_offset": 66,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 209
        },
        {
            "token": "rocks",
            "start_offset": 67,
            "end_offset": 72,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 210
        },
        {
            "token": "elastic",
            "start_offset": 73,
            "end_offset": 80,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 311
        },
        {
            "token": "is",
            "start_offset": 81,
            "end_offset": 83,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 312
        },
        {
            "token": "the",
            "start_offset": 84,
            "end_offset": 87,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 313
        },
        {
            "token": "company",
            "start_offset": 88,
            "end_offset": 95,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 314
        },
        {
            "token": "behind",
            "start_offset": 96,
            "end_offset": 102,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 315
        },
        {
            "token": "elk",
            "start_offset": 103,
            "end_offset": 106,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 316
        },
        {
            "token": "stack",
            "start_offset": 107,
            "end_offset": 112,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 317
        },
        {
            "token": "elk",
            "start_offset": 113,
            "end_offset": 116,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 418
        },
        {
            "token": "rocks",
            "start_offset": 117,
            "end_offset": 122,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 419
        },
        {
            "token": "elasticsearch",
            "start_offset": 123,
            "end_offset": 136,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 520
        },
        {
            "token": "is",
            "start_offset": 137,
            "end_offset": 139,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 521
        },
        {
            "token": "rock",
            "start_offset": 140,
            "end_offset": 144,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 522
        },
        {
            "token": "solid",
            "start_offset": 145,
            "end_offset": 150,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 523
        }
    ]
}
View Code

4.term suggest api(搜索单个字段)

搜索下试试,给出错误单词Elasticsearaach

POST /book4/_search
{
    "suggest" : {
    "my-suggestion" : {
      "text" : "Elasticsearaach",
      "term" : {
        "field" : "passage",
     "suggest_mode": "popular"
} } } }

response:

{
    "took": 26,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 5,
        "successful": 5,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": 0,
        "max_score": 0,
        "hits": []
    },
    "suggest": {
        "my-suggestion": [
            {
                "text": "elasticsearaach",
                "offset": 0,
                "length": 15,
                "options": [
                    {
                        "text": "elasticsearch",
                        "score": 0.84615386,
                        "freq": 3
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}

5.搜索多个字段分别给出提示:

POST _search
{
  "suggest": {
    "my-suggest-1" : {
      "text" : "tring out Elasticsearch",
      "term" : {
        "field" : "message"
      }
    },
    "my-suggest-2" : {
      "text" : "kmichy",
      "term" : {
        "field" : "user"
      }
    }
  }
}

 

term建议者提出基于编辑距离条款。在建议术语之前分析提供的建议文本。建议的术语是根据分析的建议文本标记提供的。term建议者不走查询到的是是的请求部分。

常见建议选项:

text

建议文字。建议文本是必需的选项,需要全局或按建议设置。

field

从中获取候选建议的字段。这是一个必需的选项,需要全局设置或根据建议设置。

analyzer

用于分析建议文本的分析器。默认为建议字段的搜索分析器。

size

每个建议文本标记返回的最大更正。

sort

定义如何根据建议文本术语对建议进行排序。两个可能的值:

  • score:先按分数排序,然后按文档频率排序,再按术语本身排序。
  • frequency:首先按文档频率排序,然后按相似性分数排序,然后按术语本身排序。

suggest_mode

建议模式控制包含哪些建议或控制建议的文本术语,建议。可以指定三个可能的值:

  • missing:仅提供不在索引词典中,但是在原文档中的词。这是默认值。
  • popular:仅提供在索引词典中出现的词语。
  • always:索引词典中出没出现的词语都要给出建议。

其他术语建议选项:

lowercase_terms

在文本分析之后,建议文本术语小写。

max_edits

最大编辑距离候选建议可以具有以便被视为建议。只能是介于1和2之间的值。任何其他值都会导致抛出错误的请求错误。默认为2。

prefix_length

必须匹配的最小前缀字符的数量才是候选建议。默认为1.增加此数字可提高拼写检查性能。通常拼写错误不会出现在术语的开头。(旧名“prefix_len”已弃用)

min_word_length

建议文本术语必须具有的最小长度才能包含在内。默认为4.(旧名称“min_word_len”已弃用)

shard_size

设置从每个单独分片中检索的最大建议数。在减少阶段,仅根据size选项返回前N个建议默认为该 size选项。将此值设置为高于该值的值size可能非常有用,以便以性能为代价获得更准确的拼写更正文档频率。由于术语在分片之间被划分,因此拼写校正频率的分片级文档可能不准确。增加这些将使这些文档频率更精确。

max_inspections

用于乘以的因子, shards_size以便在碎片级别上检查更多候选拼写更正。可以以性能为代价提高准确性。默认为5。

min_doc_freq

建议应出现的文档数量的最小阈值。可以指定为绝对数字或文档数量的相对百分比。这可以仅通过建议高频项来提高质量。默认为0f且未启用。如果指定的值大于1,则该数字不能是小数。分片级文档频率用于此选项。

max_term_freq

建议文本令牌可以存在的文档数量的最大阈值,以便包括在内。可以是表示文档频率的相对百分比数(例如0.4)或绝对数。如果指定的值大于1,则不能指定小数。默认为0.01f。这可用于排除高频术语的拼写检查。高频术语通常拼写正确,这也提高了拼写检查的性能。分片级文档频率用于此选项。

string_distance

用于比较类似建议术语的字符串距离实现。可以指定五个

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