Linux基础学习-用户的创建修改删除

Posted 2021-01-02 linux运维之路

用户添加修改删除

1 useradd添加用户
添加一个新用户hehe,指定uid为3000，家目录为/home/haha

[[email protected] ~]# useradd -u 3000 -d /home/haha hehe

hehe:x:3000:3000::/home/haha:/bin/bash
[[email protected] ~]# ls /home/
haha  

这里-u是uid,-g可以指定组id,不定值系统自动分配,-G可以指定附加组,如果不想让用户登录系统可以指定参数-s /sbin/nologin,例如apache,nginx等等

2 groupadd添加新组
添加新组使用groupadd sql,dba,it,ht

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd sql
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd dba
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd it
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd ht

3 usermod修改用户信息
修改用户uid为2000，基本组为it组，添加附加组为dba,ht,并且移动用户家目录为/home/heihei,且修改shell为sh,添加一条注释信息,最后修改用户名称.

[[email protected] ~]# usermod -u 2000 -g it -G dba,ht -md /home/heihei -s /bin/sh -c "2019 student" -l kiki hehe

[[email protected] ~]# id hehe
id: hehe: no such user
[[email protected] ~]# id kiki
uid=2000(kiki) gid=3003(it) groups=3003(it),3002(dba),3004(ht)

hehe:x:3000:
sql:x:3001:
dba:x:3002:kiki
it:x:3003:
ht:x:3004:kiki

现在需要使用户添加新的附加组sql不影响原有的组

[[email protected] ~]# usermod -aG sql kiki
[[email protected] ~]# id kiki
uid=2000(kiki) gid=3003(it) groups=3003(it),3001(sql),3002(dba),3004(ht)

[[email protected] ~]# ls /home
heihei

现在原来的家目录已经由haha修改为heihei,如果不想让用户拥有家目录可以使用-M参数,-L参数可以锁定用户,-U可以解除锁定.

4 chfn修改用户信息

[[email protected] ~]# chfn kiki
Changing finger information for kiki.
Name [2019 student]: 2020 student
Office []: +86
Office Phone []: 18610000000
Home Phone []: 266^H^H
chfn: control characters are not allowed
Home Phone []: 12345678

Finger information changed.
[[email protected] ~]# finger kiki
Login: kiki                     Name: 2020 student
Directory: /home/heihei                 Shell: /bin/sh
Office: +86, [phone]        Home Phone: [phone]
Never logged in.
No mail.
No Plan.

[[email protected] ~]# tail -n1 /etc/passwd
kiki:x:2000:3003:2020 student,+86,18610000000,12345678:/home/heihei:/bin/sh

5 chsh修改用户shell,使用usermod -s /bin/bash kiki,可以达到同样效果

[[email protected] ~]# chsh kiki
Changing shell for kiki.
New shell [/bin/sh]: /bin/bash
Shell changed.
[[email protected] ~]# tail -n1 /etc/passwd
kiki:x:2000:3003:2020 student,+86,18610000000,12345678:/home/heihei:/bin/bash

6 userdel删除用户

直接使用userdel kiki是删除用户，保留家目录，如果要连同家目录一起删除使用-r参数。groupdel删除不用的用户组。

[[email protected] ~]# userdel -r kiki
[[email protected] ~]# ls /home/
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#tail -n5 /etc/group
hehe:x:3000:
sql:x:3001:
dba:x:3002:
it:x:3003:
ht:x:3004:

[[email protected] ~]# groupdel dba