Linux课程第二十一天学习笔记
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#####################
##### SMTP #####
#####################
重新配置DNS，以及SMTP基本配置（略）
####################MTA配置####################
9)access
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/postfix/
[[email protected] postfix]# ls
access generic main.cf relocated virtual
canonical header_checks master.cf transport
[[email protected] postfix]# vim access
-----------------------------------------------
477 172.25.50.250 REJECT
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap access
[[email protected] postfix]# ls
access canonical header_checks master.cf transport
access.db generic main.cf relocated virtual
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -d |grep client
-----------------------------------------------
发现：
smtpd_client_restrictions =
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -n |grep smtpd_client_restrictions
smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access
[[email protected] postfix]# tail -n 1 main.cf
smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access
[[email protected] postfix]# systemctl restart postfix.service
--测试--
[[email protected] Desktop]# telnet 172.25.50.100 25
Trying 172.25.50.100...
Connected to 172.25.50.100.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 maillinux.linux.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:[email protected]
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:[email protected]
554 5.7.1 <unknown[172.25.50.250]>: Client host rejected: Access denied
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
10)sender
[[email protected] postfix]# vim access
-----------------------------------------------
删除：
477 172.25.50.250 REJECT
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap access
[[email protected] postfix]# vim sender
-----------------------------------------------
1 [email protected] REJECT
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap sender
[[email protected] postfix]# ls
access canonical header_checks master.cf sender transport
access.db generic main.cf relocated sender.db virtual
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -d |grep sender
-----------------------------------------------
发现：
smtpd_sender_restrictions =
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -n |grep smtpd_sender_restrictions
smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender
[[email protected] postfix]# tail -n 1 main.cf
smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender
[[email protected] postfix]# systemctl restart postfix.service
--测试--
[[email protected] Desktop]# telnet 172.25.50.100 25
Trying 172.25.50.100...
Connected to 172.25.50.100.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 maillinux.linux.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:[email protected]
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:[email protected]
554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Sender address rejected: Access denied
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
11)recipient
[[email protected] postfix]# vim recip
-----------------------------------------------
1 [email protected] REJECT
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap recip
[[email protected] postfix]# ls
access canonical header_checks master.cf recip.db sender transport
access.db generic main.cf recip relocated sender.db virtual
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -d |grep recip
-----------------------------------------------
发现：
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -n |grep smtpd_recipient_restrictions
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip
[[email protected] postfix]# tail -n 1 main.cf
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip
[[email protected] postfix]# systemctl restart postfix.service
--测试--
[[email protected] Desktop]# telnet 172.25.50.100 25
Trying 172.25.50.100...
Connected to 172.25.50.100.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
220 maillinux.linux.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:[email protected]
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:[email protected]
554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: Access denied
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
==恢复配置==
[[email protected] postfix]# vim main.cf
-----------------------------------------------
删除：
680 smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access
681 smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender
682 smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# systemctl restart postfix.service
####################Dovecot配置####################
Dovecot提供的服务有：
imap 143 pop3 110 imaps 993 pop3s 995
==dovecot配置==
[[email protected] ~]# yum install dovecot -y
......
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/dovecot
[[email protected] dovecot]# vim dovecot.conf
-----------------------------------------------
24 protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
44 # Space separated list of trusted network ranges. Connections from these
45 # IPs are allowed to override their IP addresses and ports (for logging and
46 # for authentication checks). disable_plaintext_auth is also ignored for
47 # these networks. Typically you‘d specify your IMAP proxy servers here.
48 login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0/0
49 disable_plaintext_auth = no ##不支持明文的话，不能用imap和pop3
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] dovecot]# cd conf.d/
[[email protected] conf.d]# ls
10-auth.conf 20-imap.conf auth-dict.conf.ext
10-director.conf 20-lmtp.conf auth-ldap.conf.ext
10-logging.conf 20-pop3.conf auth-master.conf.ext
10-mail.conf 90-acl.conf auth-passwdfile.conf.ext
10-master.conf 90-plugin.conf auth-sql.conf.ext
10-ssl.conf 90-quota.conf auth-static.conf.ext
15-lda.conf auth-checkpassword.conf.ext auth-system.conf.ext
15-mailboxes.conf auth-deny.conf.ext auth-vpopmail.conf.ext
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim 10-mail.conf
-----------------------------------------------
17 # %u - username
25 # mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
30 mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] conf.d]# ll /var/mail
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 6 2014 /var/mail -> spool/mail
[[email protected] conf.d]# ll /var/mail/
total 0
-rw-------. 1 root mail 0 Dec 5 21:12 root
-rw-rw----. 1 rpc mail 0 May 6 2014 rpc
-rw-rw----. 1 student mail 0 Dec 5 21:12 student
[[email protected] conf.d]# systemctl start dovecot
[[email protected] conf.d]# systemctl enable dovecot
ln -s ‘/usr/lib/systemd/system/dovecot.service‘ ‘/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dovecot.service‘
[[email protected] conf.d]# netstat -antlpe |grep dovecot
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:993 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 59186 4509/dovecot
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 59162 4509/dovecot
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 59160 4509/dovecot
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:143 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 59184 4509/dovecot
tcp6 0 0 :::993 :::* LISTEN 0 59187 4509/dovecot
tcp6 0 0 :::995 :::* LISTEN 0 59163 4509/dovecot
tcp6 0 0 :::110 :::* LISTEN 0 59161 4509/dovecot
tcp6 0 0 :::143 :::* LISTEN 0 59185 4509/dovecot
[[email protected] conf.d]# useradd westos
[[email protected] conf.d]# passwd westos
Changing password for user westos.
New password: westos
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password: westos
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected] conf.d]# > /var/log/maillog
[[email protected] Desktop]# yum install mutt -y
......
[[email protected] Desktop]# mutt -f pop://[email protected]
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
(r)eject, accept (o)nce, (a)ccept always
##按"o"
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
Password for [email protected]: westos
##认证失败
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat /var/log/maillog
发现：
Error: chown(/home/westos/mail/.imap, group=12(mail)) failed: Operation not permitted
[[email protected] conf.d]# su - westos
[[email protected] ~]$ ls
mail
[[email protected] ~]$ cd mail/
[[email protected] mail]$ ls
[[email protected] mail]$ mkdir .imap
[[email protected] mail]$ exit
logout
[[email protected] conf.d]# > /var/log/maillog
[[email protected] Desktop]# mutt -f pop://[email protected]
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
(r)eject, accept (o)nce, (a)ccept always
##按"o"
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
Password for [email protected]: westos
##认证失败，弹出
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat /var/log/maillog
发现：
Error: chown(/home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX, group=12(mail)) failed: Operation not permitted
[[email protected] conf.d]# su - westos
Last login: Mon Dec 5 22:51:26 EST 2016 on pts/0
[[email protected] ~]$ touch /home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX
[[email protected] ~]$ exit
logout
[[email protected] Desktop]# mutt -f pop://[email protected]
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
(r)eject, accept (o)nce, (a)ccept always
##按"o"
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
Password for [email protected]: westos
##认证成功，进入
##没有邮件，按"q"退出
[[email protected] postfix]# mail [email protected]
Subject: 111
111
111
.
EOT
[[email protected] postfix]# mail [email protected]
Subject: 222
222
222
.
EOT
[[email protected] postfix]# mail [email protected]
Subject: 333
333
333
.
EOT
[[email protected] postfix]# mailq
Mail queue is empty
[[email protected] Desktop]# mutt -f pop://[email protected]
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
(r)eject, accept (o)nce, (a)ccept always
##按"o"
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
Password for [email protected]: westos
-----------------------------------------------
q:Quit d:Del u:Undel s:Save m:Mail r:Reply g:Group ?:Help
1 N Dec 06 root (0.1K) 111
2 N Dec 06 root (0.1K) 222
3 N Dec 06 root (0.1K) 333
---Mutt: pop://[email protected]/ [Msgs:3 New:3 Post:2 2.1K]---(date/date)-
-----------------------------------------------
##按"上|下"选择邮件，按"Enter"查看邮件，按"q"退出
[[email protected] conf.d]# su - westos
Last login: Tue Dec 6 02:57:50 EST 2016 on pts/0
[[email protected] ~]$ l.
. .bash_history .bash_profile .cache .mozilla
.. .bash_logout .bashrc .config ##大多是从"/etc/skel"下拷贝的用户骨架文件
[[email protected] ~]$ logout
[[email protected] conf.d]# cd /etc/skel/
[[email protected] skel]# ls -a
. .. .bash_logout .bash_profile .bashrc .config .mozilla
[[email protected] skel]# mkdir mail/.imap/ -p
[[email protected] skel]# touch mail/.imap/INBOX ##把"mail/.imap/INBOX"直接放在这里
[[email protected] skel]# cd
[[email protected] ~]# useradd lee
[[email protected] ~]# passwd lee
Changing password for user lee.
New password: lee
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password: lee
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected] ~]# su - lee
[[email protected] ~]$ ls
mail
[[email protected] ~]$ cd mail/
[[email protected] mail]$ ls -a
. .. .imap
[[email protected] mail]$ cd .imap/
[[email protected] .imap]$ ls
INBOX
[[email protected] .imap]$ ll
total 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 lee lee 0 Dec 6 03:06 INBOX
[[email protected] .imap]$ logout
[[email protected] Desktop]# mutt -f pop://[email protected]
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
(r)eject, accept (o)nce, (a)ccept always
##按"o"
-- Mutt: SSL Certificate check (certificate 1 of 1 in chain)
Password for [email protected]: lee
##认证成功，进入
##按"q"退出
==Thunderbird的安装==
[[email protected] software]# pwd
/root/Documents/RHCE/老李LFTP/pub/docs/software
[[email protected] software]# scp thunderbird-31.4.0.tar.bz2 [email protected]:/mnt
[email protected]‘s password:
thunderbird-31.4.0.tar.bz2 100% 35MB 35.2MB/s 00:01
[[email protected] ~]# cd /mnt
[[email protected] mnt]# ls
thunderbird-31.4.0.tar.bz2 ##源码安装包
[[email protected] mnt]# tar -jxf thunderbird-31.4.0.tar.bz2
[[email protected] mnt]# ls
thunderbird thunderbird-31.4.0.tar.bz2
[[email protected] mnt]# cd thunderbird/
[[email protected] thunderbird]# ls
application.ini libldif60.so libxul.so
blocklist.xml libmozalloc.so mozilla-xremote-client
chrome libmozsqlite3.so omni.ja
chrome.manifest libnspr4.so platform.ini
components libnss3.so plugin-container
crashreporter libnssckbi.so precomplete
crashreporter.ini libnssdbm3.chk removed-files
defaults libnssdbm3.so run-mozilla.sh
dependentlibs.list libnssutil3.so searchplugins
dictionaries libplc4.so Throbber-small.gif
extensions libplds4.so thunderbird
icons libprldap60.so thunderbird-bin
isp libsmime3.so updater
libfreebl3.chk libsoftokn3.chk updater.ini
libfreebl3.so libsoftokn3.so update-settings.ini
libldap60.so libssl3.so
[[email protected] thunderbird]# ./thunderbird
-bash: ./thunderbird: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory
[[email protected] thunderbird]# yum whatprovides /lib/ld-linux.so.2
Loaded plugins: langpacks
rhel_dvd/filelists_db | 3.0 MB 00:00
glibc-2.17-55.el7.i686 : The GNU libc libraries
Repo : rhel_dvd
Matched from:
Filename : /lib/ld-linux.so.2
[[email protected] thunderbird]# yum install glibc-2.17-55.el7.i686 -y
......
>重复以上方法，直到装好
[[email protected] thunderbird]# history
-----------------------------------------------
144 ./thunderbird
145 yum whatprovides /lib/ld-linux.so.2
146 yum install glibc-2.17-55.el7.i686 -y
147 ./thunderbird
148 yum whatprovides */libstdc++.so.6
149 yum install libstdc++-4.8.2-16.el7.i686 -y
150 ./thunderbird
151 yum whatprovides */libXrender.so.1
152 yum install libXrender-0.9.8-2.1.el7.i686 -y
153 ./thunderbird
154 yum whatprovides */libasound.so.2
155 yum install alsa-lib-1.0.27.2-3.el7.i686 -y
156 ./thunderbird
157 yum whatprovides */libdbus-glib-1.so.2
158 yum install dbus-glib-0.100-7.el7.i686 -y
159 ./thunderbird
160 yum whatprovides */libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0
161 yum install gtk2-2.24.22-5.el7.i686 -y
162 ./thunderbird
163 yum whatprovides */libXt.so.6
164 yum install libXt-1.1.4-6.1.el7.i686 -y
165 ./thunderbird
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] thunderbird]# ./thunderbird &
##安装成功！
==Thunderbird的设置==
打开Thunderbird
-->点击"使用我现有的账号"
【您的大名】 /westos
【电子邮件地址】 /[email protected]
【密码】 /westos
【记住密码】 （打钩）
-->点击"继续"-->如果过不去，点击"手动设定"
【私服器主机名称】 【埠】 【SSL】 【认证】
【收件】 IMAP 172.25.50.200 143 无 自动检测
【寄件】 SMTP 172.25.50.200 25 无 自动检测
【使用者名称】 【收件】 westos 【寄件】 westos
-->点击"重新测试"-->点击"完成"
【我了解危险性】 （打钩）
-->完成
-->点击"收件匣"，自动收件-->收到三封邮件：111，222，333
-->点中[email protected]>单击右键-->设定-->帐号操作-->新增电子邮箱帐号
-->使用同样的方法添加账号"[email protected]"
-->确定
-->点击"收件匣"，自动收件-->没有新的邮件
-->点击"写信"
【至】 [email protected]
【主旨】 444
【内文】
444
444
-->点击"传送"
-->点击[email protected]下的"收件匣"-->收到邮件：444
-->点击回复
【至】 [email protected]
【主旨】 555
【内文】
555
555
-->点击"传送"
-->点击[email protected]下的"收件匣"-->收到邮件：555
[[email protected] ~]# mail -u westos
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/westos": 4 messages 1 new
1 root Tue Dec 6 02:24 25/846 "111"
2 root Tue Dec 6 02:28 24/811 "222"
3 root Tue Dec 6 02:28 24/811 "333"
>N 4 lee Tue Dec 6 20:04 20/680 "444"
& 4
Message 4:
From [email protected] Tue Dec 6 20:04:46 2016
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
X-Original-To: [email protected]
Delivered-To: [email protected]
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2016 20:04:46 -0500
From: lee <[email protected]>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686 on x86_64; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/31.4.0
To: [email protected]
Subject: 444
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
Status: R
444
444
& q
Held 4 messages in /var/mail/westos
[[email protected] ~]# mail -u lee
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/lee": 1 message 1 new
>N 1 westos Tue Dec 6 20:11 22/771 "555"
& 1
Message 1:
From [email protected] Tue Dec 6 20:11:30 2016
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
X-Original-To: [email protected]
Delivered-To: [email protected]
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2016 20:11:30 -0500
From: westos <[email protected]>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686 on x86_64; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/31.4.0
To: lee <[email protected]>
Subject: 555
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
Status: R
555
555
& q
Held 1 message in /var/mail/lee
[[email protected] Desktop]# telnet 172.25.50.200 110
Trying 172.25.50.200...
Connected to 172.25.50.200.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
+OK [XCLIENT] Dovecot ready.
user student
+OK
pass student
-ERR [SYS/PERM] Permission denied ##没有权限
Connection closed by foreign host.
[[email protected] Desktop]# telnet 172.25.50.200 110
Trying 172.25.50.200...
Connected to 172.25.50.200.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
+OK [XCLIENT] Dovecot ready.
user lee
+OK
pass lee
+OK Logged in.
quit
+OK Logging out.
Connection closed by foreign host.
####################虚拟账号####################
==mysql配置==
[[email protected] ~]# yum install mariadb-server httpd php php-mysql -y
......
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
ln -s ‘/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service‘ ‘/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service‘
[[email protected] ~]# mysql_secure_installation
......
##设定root用户的密码为westos，其它一路回车
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
[[email protected] software]# pwd
/root/Documents/RHCE/老李LFTP/pub/docs/software
[[email protected] software]# scp phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2 [email protected]:/var/www/html
[email protected]‘s password:
phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2 100% 4441KB 4.3MB/s 00:00
[[email protected] ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[[email protected] html]# ls
phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[[email protected] html]# tar -jxf phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[[email protected] html]# ls
phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[[email protected] html]# rm -fr phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[[email protected] html]# mv phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages myadmin
[[email protected] html]# cd myadmin/
[[email protected] myadmin]# cp -p config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
[[email protected] myadmin]# vim config.inc.php
-----------------------------------------------
17 $cfg[‘blowfish_secret‘] = ‘westos‘; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH ! */
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] myadmin]# systemctl start httpd
[[email protected] myadmin]# systemctl enable httpd
ln -s ‘/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service‘ ‘/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service‘
[[email protected]stos myadmin]# firefox &
>进入网址：http://172.25.50.100/myadmin
>登陆后，配置email库，muser表，4个字段（username，password，domain，maildir）
>插入用户信息[email protected]/123/westos.org/"westos.org/admin/"
>插入用户信息[email protected]/123/westos.org/"westos.org/lee/"
##注意：表用户的域（org）一定要和本机的域（com）区分开
[[email protected] myadmin]# mysql -uroot -pwestos
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 22
Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> DESC email.muser;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| username | varchar(50) | NO | | NULL | |
| password | varchar(50) | NO | | NULL | |
| domain | varchar(50) | NO | | NULL | |
| maildir | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT * FROM email.muser;
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
| username | password | domain | maildir |
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
| [email protected] | 123 | westos.org | westos.org/admin/ |
| [email protected] | 123 | westos.org | westos.org/lee/ |
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER [email protected] identified by ‘postfix‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT INSERT,UPDATE,SELECT on email.* to [email protected];
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted
[[email protected] myadmin]# mysql -upostfix -ppostfix
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 24
Server version: 5.5.35-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT * FROM email.muser;
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
| username | password | domain | maildir |
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
| [email protected] | 123 | westos.org | westos.org/admin/ |
| [email protected] | 123 | westos.org | westos.org/lee/ |
+------------------+----------+------------+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted
==postfix配置==
[[email protected] myadmin]# cd /etc/postfix/
[[email protected] postfix]# vim mysql-users.cf
-----------------------------------------------
1 hosts = localhost
2 user = postfix
3 password = postfix
4 dbname = email
5 table = muser
6 select_field = username
7 where_field = username
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap -q "[email protected]" mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-users.cf
[email protected] ##查询成功
[[email protected] postfix]# cp mysql-users.cf mysql-domain.cf
[[email protected] postfix]# cp mysql-users.cf mysql-maildir.cf
[[email protected] postfix]# vim mysql-domain.cf
-----------------------------------------------
6 select_field = domain
7 where_field = domain
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap -q "westos.org" mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-domain.cf
westos.org,westos.org ##查询成功
[[email protected] postfix]# vim mysql-maildir.cf
-----------------------------------------------
6 select_field = maildir
7 where_field = username
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] postfix]# postmap -q "[email protected]" mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-maildir.cf
westos.org/admin/ ##查询成功
[[email protected] postfix]# groupadd vmail -g 666
[[email protected] postfix]# useradd -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin vmail
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -d | grep virtual
......
##后面使用"postconf -e"命令，参数容易敲错，推荐从这里复制粘贴
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "virtual_gid_maps = static:666"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "virtual_uid_maps = static:666"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-users.cf"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-domain.cf"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-maildir.cf"
[[email protected] postfix]# postconf -n | grep virtual
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-users.cf
virtual_gid_maps = static:666
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-domain.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-maildir.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:666
[[email protected] postfix]# systemctl restart postfix.service
[[email protected] postfix]# cd /home
[[email protected] home]# ls
lee student vmail westos
[[email protected] home]# cd vmail/
[[email protected] vmail]# ls
mail ##"mail"是受之前实验影响，自动生成的目录，和本次实验无关，不用管
[[email protected] vmail]# mail [email protected]
Subject: test
test
test
.
EOT
[[email protected] vmail]# mailq
Mail queue is empty
[[email protected] vmail]# ls
mail westos.org ##建立目录"westos.org"
[[email protected] vmail]# cd westos.org/
[[email protected] westos.org]# ls
admin ##建立目录"admin"
[[email protected] westos.org]# cd admin/
[[email protected] admin]# ls
cur new tmp ##建立目录"cur,new,tmp"
==dovecot配置==
[[email protected] admin]# cd /etc/dovecot/conf.d/
[[email protected] conf.d]# ls
10-auth.conf 20-imap.conf auth-dict.conf.ext
10-director.conf 20-lmtp.conf auth-ldap.conf.ext
10-logging.conf 20-pop3.conf auth-master.conf.ext
10-mail.conf 90-acl.conf auth-passwdfile.conf.ext
10-master.conf 90-plugin.conf auth-sql.conf.ext
10-ssl.conf 90-quota.conf auth-static.conf.ext
15-lda.conf auth-checkpassword.conf.ext auth-system.conf.ext
15-mailboxes.conf auth-deny.conf.ext auth-vpopmail.conf.ext
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim 10-mail.conf
-----------------------------------------------
18 # %n - user part in [email protected], same as %u if there‘s no domain
19 # %d - domain part in [email protected], empty if there‘s no domain
30 mail_location = maildir:/home/vmail/%d/%n
168 first_valid_uid = 666
175 first_valid_gid = 666
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim 10-auth.conf
-----------------------------------------------
123 !include auth-sql.conf.ext
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim auth-sql.conf.ext
-----------------------------------------------
8 # Path for SQL configuration file, see example-config/dovecot-sql.conf.ext
:q
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] conf.d]# cd /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/example-config/
[[email protected] example-config]# ls
conf.d dovecot-dict-auth.conf.ext dovecot-ldap.conf.ext
dovecot.conf dovecot-dict-sql.conf.ext dovecot-sql.conf.ext
[[email protected] example-config]# cp dovecot-sql.conf.ext /etc/dovecot/
[[email protected] example-config]# cd /etc/dovecot/
[[email protected] dovecot]# ls
conf.d dovecot.conf dovecot-sql.conf.ext
[[email protected] dovecot]# vim dovecot-sql.conf.ext
-----------------------------------------------
32 driver = mysql
71 connect = host=localhost dbname=email user=postfix password=postfix
78 default_pass_scheme = PLAIN ##明文
107 password_query = \
108 SELECT username, domain, password \
109 FROM muser WHERE username = ‘%u‘ AND domain = ‘%d‘
125 user_query = SELECT maildir, 666 AS uid, 666 AS gid FROM muser WHERE username = ‘%u‘
:wq
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] dovecot]# systemctl restart dovecot.service
[[email protected] dovecot]# telnet 172.25.50.200 110
Trying 172.25.50.200...
Connected to 172.25.50.200.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
-ERR Disconnected: Auth process broken
Connection closed by foreign host.
[[email protected] dovecot]# tail -n 5 /var/log/maillog
/发现
Dec 7 01:51:54 mailwestos dovecot: auth: Fatal: Unknown database driver ‘mysql‘
[[email protected] dovecot]# yum search dovecot
Loaded plugins: langpacks
============================= N/S matched: dovecot =============================
dovecot-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL back end for dovecot
dovecot-pgsql.x86_64 : Postgres SQL back end for dovecot
dovecot-pigeonhole.x86_64 : Sieve and managesieve plug-in for dovecot
dovecot.i686 : Secure imap and pop3 server
dovecot.x86_64 : Secure imap and pop3 server
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[[email protected] dovecot]# yum install dovecot-mysql -y
......
[[email protected] dovecot]# systemctl restart dovecot.service
[[email protected] dovecot]# telnet 172.25.50.200 110
Trying 172.25.50.200...
Connected to 172.25.50.200.
Escape character is ‘^]‘.
+OK [XCLIENT] Dovecot ready.
user [email protected]
+OK
pass 123
+OK Logged in.
quit
+OK Logging out.
Connection closed by foreign host.
-----------------------------------------------
如果telnet测试不成功，证明dovecot配置有问题，检查dovecot的配置
排错方法：
> /var/log/maillog
cat /var/log/maillog
需要注意的是，在实验环境下可以清空日志，真正在企业里是不允许清空日志的
-----------------------------------------------
[[email protected] dovecot]# ls /home/vmail/westos.org/
admin
==使用Thunderbird登陆虚拟账号==
[[email protected] thunderbird]# ./thunderbird &
打开Thunderbird，首先移除上之前实验使用的账号
-->点中"[email protected]"-->单击右键-->设定
-->点中"[email protected]"-->账号操作-->移除帐号-->确定
-->点中"[email protected]"-->账号操作-->移除帐号-->确定
-->点中"SMTP寄件服务器"-->点中"lee - 172.25.50.200"-->移除-->是
-->点中"westos - 172.25.50.200（预设）"-->编辑
【使用者名称】 /[email protected]
-->确定
-->帐号操作-->新增电子邮箱帐号
【您的大名】 /[email protected]
【电子邮件地址】 /[email protected]
【密码】 /123
【记住密码】 （打钩）
-->点击"继续"-->如果过不去，点击"手动设定"
【私服器主机名称】 【埠】 【SSL】 【认证】
【收件】 IMAP 172.25.50.200 143 无 自动检测
【寄件】 SMTP 172.25.50.200 25 无 自动检测
【使用者名称】 【收件】 [email protected] 【寄件】 [email protected]
-->点击"重新测试"-->点击"完成"
【我了解危险性】 （打钩）
-->完成
-->确定
-->点击"收件匣"，自动收件-->收到一封邮件：test
-->点中[email protected]>单击右键-->设定
-->帐号操作-->新增电子邮箱帐号
-->使用同样的方法添加账号"[email protected]"
-->点击"收件匣"，自动收件-->没有新的邮件
-->点中"[email protected]"-->点击"写信"
【至】 [email protected]
【主旨】 123
【内文】
123
123
-->点击"传送"
-->点击[email protected]下的"收件匣"-->收到邮件：123
-->点中"[email protected]"-->点击"写信"
【至】 [email protected]
【主旨】 456
【内文】
456
456
-->点击"传送"
-->点击[email protected]下的"收件匣"-->收到邮件：456
本文出自 “施超Linux学习笔记” 博客，谢绝转载！
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