在Linux中对文件的编码及对文件进行编码转换操作
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篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了在Linux中对文件的编码及对文件进行编码转换操作相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/mithrilon/archive/2018/06/03/9082449.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25266990-id-2853835.html
1、如果发现Linux的文件不是utf8格式的文件，首先需要检测文件编码格式，在Centos7安装enca，需要联网的说。
1 [root@slaver1 ~]# yum install enca 2 已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks 3 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 4 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn 5 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn 6 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn 7 * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn 8 正在解决依赖关系 9 --> 正在检查事务 10 ---> 软件包 enca.x86_64.0.1.19-1.el7 将被 安装 11 --> 解决依赖关系完成 12 13 依赖关系解决 14 15 ================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ 16 Package 架构 版本 源 大小 17 ================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ 18 正在安装: 19 enca x86_64 1.19-1.el7 epel 107 k 20 21 事务概要 22 ================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ 23 安装 1 软件包 24 25 总下载量：107 k 26 安装大小：311 k 27 Is this ok [y/d/N]: y 28 Downloading packages: 29 enca-1.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 107 kB 00:00:03 30 Running transaction check 31 Running transaction test 32 Transaction test succeeded 33 Running transaction 34 正在安装 : enca-1.19-1.el7.x86_64 1/1 35 验证中 : enca-1.19-1.el7.x86_64 1/1 36 37 已安装: 38 enca.x86_64 0:1.19-1.el7 39 40 完毕！ 41 [root@slaver1 ~]#
2、使用方式，最常用的使用方式，判断该文件的字符集格式，如下所示：
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# enca aaa.txt 2 Unrecognized encoding 3 [root@slaver1 soft]#
我们需要看看当前系统下 enca 支持的语言和对应的编码类型：
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# enca --list languages 2 belarusian: CP1251 IBM866 ISO-8859-5 KOI8-UNI maccyr IBM855 KOI8-U 3 bulgarian: CP1251 ISO-8859-5 IBM855 maccyr ECMA-113 4 czech: ISO-8859-2 CP1250 IBM852 KEYBCS2 macce KOI-8_CS_2 CORK 5 estonian: ISO-8859-4 CP1257 IBM775 ISO-8859-13 macce baltic 6 croatian: CP1250 ISO-8859-2 IBM852 macce CORK 7 hungarian: ISO-8859-2 CP1250 IBM852 macce CORK 8 lithuanian: CP1257 ISO-8859-4 IBM775 ISO-8859-13 macce baltic 9 latvian: CP1257 ISO-8859-4 IBM775 ISO-8859-13 macce baltic 10 polish: ISO-8859-2 CP1250 IBM852 macce ISO-8859-13 ISO-8859-16 baltic CORK 11 russian: KOI8-R CP1251 ISO-8859-5 IBM866 maccyr 12 slovak: CP1250 ISO-8859-2 IBM852 KEYBCS2 macce KOI-8_CS_2 CORK 13 slovene: ISO-8859-2 CP1250 IBM852 macce CORK 14 ukrainian: CP1251 IBM855 ISO-8859-5 CP1125 KOI8-U maccyr 15 chinese: GBK BIG5 HZ 16 none: 17 [root@slaver1 soft]#
3、转换文件编码格式，在知道了文件的正确编码格式之后, 我们往往会希望将文件转换为UTF8之类常用或者系统默认支持的编码格式, 以便后续进一步处理，使用 enca 进行转换。
当我们给 enca 命令添加-x参数时，enca 命令就会将文件转换为-x参数指定的编码格式。
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# enca -L chinese aaa.txt 2 Unrecognized encoding 3 [root@slaver1 soft]# enca -i -L chinese aaa.txt 4 ??? 5 [root@slaver1 soft]# enca -x UTF8 -L chinese aaa.txt 6 [root@slaver1 soft]# enca -L chinese aaa.txt 7 Unrecognized encoding 8 [root@slaver1 soft]#
貌似我这里做的操作，不好使的样子，算了，还是使用linux自带iconv 进行转换的操作吧。
4、iconv 是*nix系统里的转换字符编码的标准命令和API，如果我们希望将一个GBK编码的文件转换为UTF8编码, 可以以以下方式使用 iconv 命令。
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# iconv -f GBK -t UTF8 aaa.txt 2 [root@slaver1 soft]#
其中aaa.txt是要被转换的文件， -f GBK参数表示源文件的编码是GBK，-t UTF8则表示要转换的目标编码。 执行以上命令后，iconv 命令会将转换后的文件内容打印到标准输出。
如果希望将转换后的内容保存到文件（iconv -f GBK -t UTF8 -o aaa_converted.txt aaa.txt 很好用的命令，如果服务器是GBK的，但是此服务器生成的文件要传输到UTF8服务器上面，要进行转义之后才可以进行操作，不然会报错误的）, 可以添加-o参数：
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# iconv -f GBK -t UTF8 -o aaa_converted.txt aaa.txt 2 [root@slaver1 soft]#
这个命令就会将转换后的内容自动保存到 aaa_converted.txt 文件，通过 iconv -l则可以查看所有的字符集名称.。前文也提到enca -i则可以用来输出 iconv 可用的文件编码名。
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# iconv -l 2 The following list contain all the coded character sets known. This does 3 not necessarily mean that all combinations of these names can be used for 4 the FROM and TO command line parameters. One coded character set can be 5 listed with several different names (aliases). 6 7 437, 500, 500V1, 850, 851, 852, 855, 856, 857, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 8 866, 866NAV, 869, 874, 904, 1026, 1046, 1047, 8859_1, 8859_2, 8859_3, 8859_4, 9 8859_5, 8859_6, 8859_7, 8859_8, 8859_9, 10646-1:1993, 10646-1:1993/UCS4, 10 ANSI_X3.4-1968, ANSI_X3.4-1986, ANSI_X3.4, ANSI_X3.110-1983, ANSI_X3.110, 11 ARABIC, ARABIC7, ARMSCII-8, ASCII, ASMO-708, ASMO_449, BALTIC, BIG-5, 12 BIG-FIVE, BIG5-HKSCS, BIG5, BIG5HKSCS, BIGFIVE, BRF, BS_4730, CA, CN-BIG5, 13 CN-GB, CN, CP-AR, CP-GR, CP-HU, CP037, CP038, CP273, CP274, CP275, CP278, 14 CP280, CP281, CP282, CP284, CP285, CP290, CP297, CP367, CP420, CP423, CP424, 15 CP437, CP500, CP737, CP770, CP771, CP772, CP773, CP774, CP775, CP803, CP813, 16 CP819, CP850, CP851, CP852, CP855, CP856, CP857, CP860, CP861, CP862, CP863, 17 CP864, CP865, CP866, CP866NAV, CP868, CP869, CP870, CP871, CP874, CP875, 18 CP880, CP891, CP901, CP902, CP903, CP904, CP905, CP912, CP915, CP916, CP918, 19 CP920, CP921, CP922, CP930, CP932, CP933, CP935, CP936, CP937, CP939, CP949, 20 CP950, CP1004, CP1008, CP1025, CP1026, CP1046, CP1047, CP1070, CP1079, 21 CP1081, CP1084, CP1089, CP1097, CP1112, CP1122, CP1123, CP1124, CP1125, 22 CP1129, CP1130, CP1132, CP1133, CP1137, CP1140, CP1141, CP1142, CP1143, 23 CP1144, CP1145, CP1146, CP1147, CP1148, CP1149, CP1153, CP1154, CP1155, 24 CP1156, CP1157, CP1158, CP1160, CP1161, CP1162, CP1163, CP1164, CP1166, 25 CP1167, CP1250, CP1251, CP1252, CP1253, CP1254, CP1255, CP1256, CP1257, 26 CP1258, CP1282, CP1361, CP1364, CP1371, CP1388, CP1390, CP1399, CP4517, 27 CP4899, CP4909, CP4971, CP5347, CP9030, CP9066, CP9448, CP10007, CP12712, 28 CP16804, CPIBM861, CSA7-1, CSA7-2, CSASCII, CSA_T500-1983, CSA_T500, 29 CSA_Z243.4-1985-1, CSA_Z243.4-1985-2, CSA_Z243.419851, CSA_Z243.419852, 30 CSDECMCS, CSEBCDICATDE, CSEBCDICATDEA, CSEBCDICCAFR, CSEBCDICDKNO, 31 CSEBCDICDKNOA, CSEBCDICES, CSEBCDICESA, CSEBCDICESS, CSEBCDICFISE, 32 CSEBCDICFISEA, CSEBCDICFR, CSEBCDICIT, CSEBCDICPT, CSEBCDICUK, CSEBCDICUS, 33 CSEUCKR, CSEUCPKDFMTJAPANESE, CSGB2312, CSHPROMAN8, CSIBM037, CSIBM038, 34 CSIBM273, CSIBM274, CSIBM275, CSIBM277, CSIBM278, CSIBM280, CSIBM281, 35 CSIBM284, CSIBM285, CSIBM290, CSIBM297, CSIBM420, CSIBM423, CSIBM424, 36 CSIBM500, CSIBM803, CSIBM851, CSIBM855, CSIBM856, CSIBM857, CSIBM860, 37 CSIBM863, CSIBM864, CSIBM865, CSIBM866, CSIBM868, CSIBM869, CSIBM870, 38 CSIBM871, CSIBM880, CSIBM891, CSIBM901, CSIBM902, CSIBM903, CSIBM904, 39 CSIBM905, CSIBM918, CSIBM921, CSIBM922, CSIBM930, CSIBM932, CSIBM933, 40 CSIBM935, CSIBM937, CSIBM939, CSIBM943, CSIBM1008, CSIBM1025, CSIBM1026, 41 CSIBM1097, CSIBM1112, CSIBM1122, CSIBM1123, CSIBM1124, CSIBM1129, CSIBM1130, 42 CSIBM1132, CSIBM1133, CSIBM1137, CSIBM1140, CSIBM1141, CSIBM1142, CSIBM1143, 43 CSIBM1144, CSIBM1145, CSIBM1146, CSIBM1147, CSIBM1148, CSIBM1149, CSIBM1153, 44 CSIBM1154, CSIBM1155, CSIBM1156, CSIBM1157, CSIBM1158, CSIBM1160, CSIBM1161, 45 CSIBM1163, CSIBM1164, CSIBM1166, CSIBM1167, CSIBM1364, CSIBM1371, CSIBM1388, 46 CSIBM1390, CSIBM1399, CSIBM4517, CSIBM4899, CSIBM4909, CSIBM4971, CSIBM5347, 47 CSIBM9030, CSIBM9066, CSIBM9448, CSIBM12712, CSIBM16804, CSIBM11621162, 48 CSISO4UNITEDKINGDOM, CSISO10SWEDISH, CSISO11SWEDISHFORNAMES, 49 CSISO14JISC6220RO, CSISO15ITALIAN, CSISO16PORTUGESE, CSISO17SPANISH, 50 CSISO18GREEK7OLD, CSISO19LATINGREEK, CSISO21GERMAN, CSISO25FRENCH, 51 CSISO27LATINGREEK1, CSISO49INIS, CSISO50INIS8, CSISO51INISCYRILLIC, 52 CSISO58GB1988, CSISO60DANISHNORWEGIAN, CSISO60NORWEGIAN1, CSISO61NORWEGIAN2, 53 CSISO69FRENCH, CSISO84PORTUGUESE2, CSISO85SPANISH2, CSISO86HUNGARIAN, 54 CSISO88GREEK7, CSISO89ASMO449, CSISO90, CSISO92JISC62991984B, CSISO99NAPLPS, 55 CSISO103T618BIT, CSISO111ECMACYRILLIC, CSISO121CANADIAN1, CSISO122CANADIAN2, 56 CSISO139CSN369103, CSISO141JUSIB1002, CSISO143IECP271, CSISO150, 57 CSISO150GREEKCCITT, CSISO151CUBA, CSISO153GOST1976874, CSISO646DANISH, 58 CSISO2022CN, CSISO2022JP, CSISO2022JP2, CSISO2022KR, CSISO2033, 59 CSISO5427CYRILLIC, CSISO5427CYRILLIC1981, CSISO5428GREEK, CSISO10367BOX, 60 CSISOLATIN1, CSISOLATIN2, CSISOLATIN3, CSISOLATIN4, CSISOLATIN5, CSISOLATIN6, 61 CSISOLATINARABIC, CSISOLATINCYRILLIC, CSISOLATINGREEK, CSISOLATINHEBREW, 62 CSKOI8R, CSKSC5636, CSMACINTOSH, CSNATSDANO, CSNATSSEFI, CSN_369103, 63 CSPC8CODEPAGE437, CSPC775BALTIC, CSPC850MULTILINGUAL, CSPC862LATINHEBREW, 64 CSPCP852, CSSHIFTJIS, CSUCS4, CSUNICODE, CSWINDOWS31J, CUBA, CWI-2, CWI, 65 CYRILLIC, DE, DEC-MCS, DEC, DECMCS, DIN_66003, DK, DS2089, DS_2089, E13B, 66 EBCDIC-AT-DE-A, EBCDIC-AT-DE, EBCDIC-BE, EBCDIC-BR, EBCDIC-CA-FR, 67 EBCDIC-CP-AR1, EBCDIC-CP-AR2, EBCDIC-CP-BE, EBCDIC-CP-CA, EBCDIC-CP-CH, 68 EBCDIC-CP-DK, EBCDIC-CP-ES, EBCDIC-CP-FI, EBCDIC-CP-FR, EBCDIC-CP-GB, 69 EBCDIC-CP-GR, EBCDIC-CP-HE, EBCDIC-CP-IS, EBCDIC-CP-IT, EBCDIC-CP-NL, 70 EBCDIC-CP-NO, EBCDIC-CP-ROECE, EBCDIC-CP-SE, EBCDIC-CP-TR, EBCDIC-CP-US, 71 EBCDIC-CP-WT, EBCDIC-CP-YU, EBCDIC-CYRILLIC, EBCDIC-DK-NO-A, EBCDIC-DK-NO, 72 EBCDIC-ES-A, EBCDIC-ES-S, EBCDIC-ES, EBCDIC-FI-SE-A, EBCDIC-FI-SE, EBCDIC-FR, 73 EBCDIC-GREEK, EBCDIC-INT, EBCDIC-INT1, EBCDIC-IS-FRISS, EBCDIC-IT, 74 EBCDIC-JP-E, EBCDIC-JP-KANA, EBCDIC-PT, EBCDIC-UK, EBCDIC-US, EBCDICATDE, 75 EBCDICATDEA, EBCDICCAFR, EBCDICDKNO, EBCDICDKNOA, EBCDICES, EBCDICESA, 76 EBCDICESS, EBCDICFISE, EBCDICFISEA, EBCDICFR, EBCDICISFRISS, EBCDICIT, 77 EBCDICPT, EBCDICUK, EBCDICUS, ECMA-114, ECMA-118, ECMA-128, ECMA-CYRILLIC, 78 ECMACYRILLIC, ELOT_928, ES, ES2, EUC-CN, EUC-JISX0213, EUC-JP-MS, EUC-JP, 79 EUC-KR, EUC-TW, EUCCN, EUCJP-MS, EUCJP-OPEN, EUCJP-WIN, EUCJP, EUCKR, EUCTW, 80 FI, FR, GB, GB2312, GB13000, GB18030, GBK, GB_1988-80, GB_198880, 81 GEORGIAN-ACADEMY, GEORGIAN-PS, GOST_19768-74, GOST_19768, GOST_1976874, 82 GREEK-CCITT, GREEK, GREEK7-OLD, GREEK7, GREEK7OLD, GREEK8, GREEKCCITT, 83 HEBREW, HP-GREEK8, HP-ROMAN8, HP-ROMAN9, HP-THAI8, HP-TURKISH8, HPGREEK8, 84 HPROMAN8, HPROMAN9, HPTHAI8, HPTURKISH8, HU, IBM-803, IBM-856, IBM-901, 85 IBM-902, IBM-921, IBM-922, IBM-930, IBM-932, IBM-933, IBM-935, IBM-937, 86 IBM-939, IBM-943, IBM-1008, IBM-1025, IBM-1046, IBM-1047, IBM-1097, IBM-1112, 87 IBM-1122, IBM-1123, IBM-1124, IBM-1129, IBM-1130, IBM-1132, IBM-1133, 88 IBM-1137, IBM-1140, IBM-1141, IBM-1142, IBM-1143, IBM-1144, IBM-1145, 89 IBM-1146, IBM-1147, IBM-1148, IBM-1149, IBM-1153, IBM-1154, IBM-1155, 90 IBM-1156, IBM-1157, IBM-1158, IBM-1160, IBM-1161, IBM-1162, IBM-1163, 91 IBM-1164, IBM-1166, IBM-1167, IBM-1364, IBM-1371, IBM-1388, IBM-1390, 92 IBM-1399, IBM-4517, IBM-4899, IBM-4909, IBM-4971, IBM-5347, IBM-9030, 93 IBM-9066, IBM-9448, IBM-12712, IBM-16804, IBM037, IBM038, IBM256, IBM273, 94 IBM274, IBM275, IBM277, IBM278, IBM280, IBM281, IBM284, IBM285, IBM290, 95 IBM297, IBM367, IBM420, IBM423, IBM424, IBM437, IBM500, IBM775, IBM803, 96 IBM813, IBM819, IBM848, IBM850, IBM851, IBM852, IBM855, IBM856, IBM857, 97 IBM860, IBM861, IBM862, IBM863, IBM864, IBM865, IBM866, IBM866NAV, IBM868, 98 IBM869, IBM870, IBM871, IBM874, IBM875, IBM880, IBM891, IBM901, IBM902, 99 IBM903, IBM904, IBM905, IBM912, IBM915, IBM916, IBM918, IBM920, IBM921, 100 IBM922, IBM930, IBM932, IBM933, IBM935, IBM937, IBM939, IBM943, IBM1004, 101 IBM1008, IBM1025, IBM1026, IBM1046, IBM1047, IBM1089, IBM1097, IBM1112, 102 IBM1122, IBM1123, IBM1124, IBM1129, IBM1130, IBM1132, IBM1133, IBM1137, 103 IBM1140, IBM1141, IBM1142, IBM1143, IBM1144, IBM1145, IBM1146, IBM1147, 104 IBM1148, IBM1149, IBM1153, IBM1154, IBM1155, IBM1156, IBM1157, IBM1158, 105 IBM1160, IBM1161, IBM1162, IBM1163, IBM1164, IBM1166, IBM1167, IBM1364, 106 IBM1371, IBM1388, IBM1390, IBM1399, IBM4517, IBM4899, IBM4909, IBM4971, 107 IBM5347, IBM9030, IBM9066, IBM9448, IBM12712, IBM16804, IEC_P27-1, IEC_P271, 108 INIS-8, INIS-CYRILLIC, INIS, INIS8, INISCYRILLIC, ISIRI-3342, ISIRI3342, 109 ISO-2022-CN-EXT, ISO-2022-CN, ISO-2022-JP-2, ISO-2022-JP-3, ISO-2022-JP, 110 ISO-2022-KR, ISO-8859-1, ISO-8859-2, ISO-8859-3, ISO-8859-4, ISO-8859-5, 111 ISO-8859-6, ISO-8859-7, ISO-8859-8, ISO-8859-9, ISO-8859-9E, ISO-8859-10, 112 ISO-8859-11, ISO-8859-13, ISO-8859-14, ISO-8859-15, ISO-8859-16, 113 ISO-10646-UCS-2, ISO-10646, ISO-10646/UCS2, ISO-10646/UCS4, ISO-10646/UTF-8, 114 ISO-10646/UTF8, ISO-CELTIC, ISO-IR-4, ISO-IR-6, ISO-IR-8-1, ISO-IR-9-1, 115 ISO-IR-10, ISO-IR-11, ISO-IR-14, ISO-IR-15, ISO-IR-16, ISO-IR-17, ISO-IR-18, 116 ISO-IR-19, ISO-IR-21, ISO-IR-25, ISO-IR-27, ISO-IR-37, ISO-IR-49, ISO-IR-50, 117 ISO-IR-51, ISO-IR-54, ISO-IR-55, ISO-IR-57, ISO-IR-60, ISO-IR-61, ISO-IR-69, 118 ISO-IR-84, ISO-IR-85, ISO-IR-86, ISO-IR-88, ISO-IR-89, ISO-IR-90, ISO-IR-92, 119 ISO-IR-98, ISO-IR-99, ISO-IR-100, ISO-IR-101, ISO-IR-103, ISO-IR-109, 120 ISO-IR-110, ISO-IR-111, ISO-IR-121, ISO-IR-122, ISO-IR-126, ISO-IR-127, 121 ISO-IR-138, ISO-IR-139, ISO-IR-141, ISO-IR-143, ISO-IR-144, ISO-IR-148, 122 ISO-IR-150, ISO-IR-151, ISO-IR-153, ISO-IR-155, ISO-IR-156, ISO-IR-157, 123 ISO-IR-166, ISO-IR-179, ISO-IR-193, ISO-IR-197, ISO-IR-199, ISO-IR-203, 124 ISO-IR-209, ISO-IR-226, ISO/TR_11548-1, ISO646-CA, ISO646-CA2, ISO646-CN, 125 ISO646-CU, ISO646-DE, ISO646-DK, ISO646-ES, ISO646-ES2, ISO646-FI, ISO646-FR, 126 ISO646-FR1, ISO646-GB, ISO646-HU, ISO646-IT, ISO646-JP-OCR-B, ISO646-JP, 127 ISO646-KR, ISO646-NO, ISO646-NO2, ISO646-PT, ISO646-PT2, ISO646-SE, 128 ISO646-SE2, ISO646-US, ISO646-YU, ISO2022CN, ISO2022CNEXT, ISO2022JP, 129 ISO2022JP2, ISO2022KR, ISO6937, ISO8859-1, ISO8859-2, ISO8859-3, ISO8859-4, 130 ISO8859-5, ISO8859-6, ISO8859-7, ISO8859-8, ISO8859-9, ISO8859-9E, 131 ISO8859-10, ISO8859-11, ISO8859-13, ISO8859-14, ISO8859-15, ISO8859-16, 132 ISO11548-1, ISO88591, ISO88592, ISO88593, ISO88594, ISO88595, ISO88596, 133 ISO88597, ISO88598, ISO88599, ISO88599E, ISO885910, ISO885911, ISO885913, 134 ISO885914, ISO885915, ISO885916, ISO_646.IRV:1991, ISO_2033-1983, ISO_2033, 135 ISO_5427-EXT, ISO_5427, ISO_5427:1981, ISO_5427EXT, ISO_5428, ISO_5428:1980, 136 ISO_6937-2, ISO_6937-2:1983, ISO_6937, ISO_6937:1992, ISO_8859-1, 137 ISO_8859-1:1987, ISO_8859-2, ISO_8859-2:1987, ISO_8859-3, ISO_8859-3:1988, 138 ISO_8859-4, ISO_8859-4:1988, ISO_8859-5, ISO_8859-5:1988, ISO_8859-6, 139 ISO_8859-6:1987, ISO_8859-7, ISO_8859-7:1987, ISO_8859-7:2003, ISO_8859-8, 140 ISO_8859-8:1988, ISO_8859-9, ISO_8859-9:1989, ISO_8859-9E, ISO_8859-10, 141 ISO_8859-10:1992, ISO_8859-14, ISO_8859-14:1998, ISO_8859-15, 142 ISO_8859-15:1998, ISO_8859-16, ISO_8859-16:2001, ISO_9036, ISO_10367-BOX, 143 ISO_10367BOX, ISO_11548-1, ISO_69372, IT, JIS_C6220-1969-RO, 144 JIS_C6229-1984-B, JIS_C62201969RO, JIS_C62291984B, JOHAB, JP-OCR-B, JP, JS, 145 JUS_I.B1.002, KOI-7, KOI-8, KOI8-R, KOI8-RU, KOI8-T, KOI8-U, KOI8, KOI8R, 146 KOI8U, KSC5636, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L10, LATIN-9, LATIN-GREEK-1, 147 LATIN-GREEK, LATIN1, LATIN2, LATIN3, LATIN4, LATIN5, LATIN6, LATIN7, LATIN8, 148 LATIN9, LATIN10, LATINGREEK, LATINGREEK1, MAC-CENTRALEUROPE, MAC-CYRILLIC, 149 MAC-IS, MAC-SAMI, MAC-UK, MAC, MACCYRILLIC, MACINTOSH, MACIS, MACUK, 150 MACUKRAINIAN, MIK, MS-ANSI, MS-ARAB, MS-CYRL, MS-EE, MS-GREEK, MS-HEBR, 151 MS-MAC-CYRILLIC, MS-TURK, MS932, MS936, MSCP949, MSCP1361, MSMACCYRILLIC, 152 MSZ_7795.3, MS_KANJI, NAPLPS, NATS-DANO, NATS-SEFI, NATSDANO, NATSSEFI, 153 NC_NC0010, NC_NC00-10, NC_NC00-10:81, NF_Z_62-010, NF_Z_62-010_(1973), 154 NF_Z_62-010_1973, NF_Z_62010, NF_Z_62010_1973, NO, NO2, NS_4551-1, NS_4551-2, 155 NS_45511, NS_45512, OS2LATIN1, OSF00010001, OSF00010002, OSF00010003, 156 OSF00010004, OSF00010005, OSF00010006, OSF00010007, OSF00010008, OSF00010009, 157 OSF0001000A, OSF00010020, OSF00010100, OSF00010101, OSF00010102, OSF00010104, 158 OSF00010105, OSF00010106, OSF00030010, OSF0004000A, OSF0005000A, OSF05010001, 159 OSF100201A4, OSF100201A8, OSF100201B5, OSF100201F4, OSF100203B5, OSF1002011C, 160 OSF1002011D, OSF1002035D, OSF1002035E, OSF1002035F, OSF1002036B, OSF1002037B, 161 OSF10010001, OSF10010004, OSF10010006, OSF10020025, OSF10020111, OSF10020115, 162 OSF10020116, OSF10020118, OSF10020122, OSF10020129, OSF10020352, OSF10020354, 163 OSF10020357, OSF10020359, OSF10020360, OSF10020364, OSF10020365, OSF10020366, 164 OSF10020367, OSF10020370, OSF10020387, OSF10020388, OSF10020396, OSF10020402, 165 OSF10020417, PT, PT2, PT154, R8, R9, RK1048, ROMAN8, ROMAN9, RUSCII, SE, SE2, 166 SEN_850200_B, SEN_850200_C, SHIFT-JIS, SHIFT_JIS, SHIFT_JISX0213, SJIS-OPEN, 167 SJIS-WIN, SJIS, SS636127, STRK1048-2002, ST_SEV_358-88, T.61-8BIT, T.61, 168 T.618BIT, TCVN-5712, TCVN, TCVN5712-1, TCVN5712-1:1993, THAI8, TIS-620, 169 TIS620-0, TIS620.2529-1, TIS620.2533-0, TIS620, TS-5881, TSCII, TURKISH8, 170 UCS-2, UCS-2BE, UCS-2LE, UCS-4, UCS-4BE, UCS-4LE, UCS2, UCS4, UHC, UJIS, UK, 171 UNICODE, UNICODEBIG, UNICODELITTLE, US-ASCII, US, UTF-7, UTF-8, UTF-16, 172 UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE, UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF-32LE, UTF7, UTF8, UTF16, UTF16BE, 173 UTF16LE, UTF32, UTF32BE, UTF32LE, VISCII, WCHAR_T, WIN-SAMI-2, WINBALTRIM, 174 WINDOWS-31J, WINDOWS-874, WINDOWS-936, WINDOWS-1250, WINDOWS-1251, 175 WINDOWS-1252, WINDOWS-1253, WINDOWS-1254, WINDOWS-1255, WINDOWS-1256, 176 WINDOWS-1257, WINDOWS-1258, WINSAMI2, WS2, YU 177 [root@slaver1 soft]#
如果你需要在Linux中操作windows下的文件，那么你可能会经常遇到文件编码转换的问题。Windows中默认的文件格式是GBK(gb2312)，而Linux一般都是UTF-8。下面介绍一下，在Linux中如何查看文件的编码及如何进行对文件进行编码转换。
一，查看文件编码：
在Linux中查看文件编码可以通过以下几种方式：
1）、在Vim中可以直接查看文件编码
:set fileencoding
即可显示文件编码格式，很香的命令。
1 [root@slaver1 soft]# vi aaa.txt 2 [root@slaver1 soft]#
Linux查看文件编码格式及文件编码转换