1 方式1：systemctl
- 开启开机自启服务
- systemctl enable <服务名>
- 关闭开机自启服务
- systemctl disable <服务名>
- 查看开机自启服务状态
- systemctl list-unit-files | grep <服务名>
#[demos]
systemctl enable firewall
systemctl disable firewall.service
systemctl disable sshd
systemctl enable sshd
systemctl list-unit-files | grep sshd
2 方式2：开机自启脚本
2.1 开机自启脚本编写与配置
以消息队列RabbitMQ为例
- 编写start_rabbitmq.sh
vim /usr/local/rabbitmq/sbin/start_rabbitmq.sh
[编写自启内容]
#!/bin/bash
#erlang
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/rabbitmq/erlang/bin
#rabbitmq
export HOME=/usr/rabbitmq/rabbitmq/
/usr/rabbitmq/rabbitmq/sbin/./rabbitmq-server -detached
-detached：以后台守护进程方式运行
- 给脚本增加可执行权限
chmod +x /usr/local/rabbitmq/sbin/start_rabbitmq.sh
- 编辑开机自启的系统文件
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[编辑内容：↓]
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run \'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local\' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
#↓我们编写的启动脚本
/usr/local/rabbitmq/sbin/start_rabbitmq.sh
- 给系统脚本添加执行权限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
- 重启，并查看是否生效
shutdown -r now
2.2 开机自启失效的失效/故障解决方法
- 失效错误1："/bin/bash^M: 坏的解释器: 没有那个文件或目录"
在Linux下编译shell运行脚本的时候出现”/bin/bash^M: 坏的解释器: 没有那个文件或目录“这样的错误如下图。
[解决办法]
使用在终端输入: sed -i \'s/\\r$//\' my-johnnyzen-shell.sh即可
[原因分析]
此shell脚本文件在Windows 下编辑过，在Windows下每一行结尾是\\n\\r，而Linux下则是\\n
sed -i \'s/\\r$//\' make-all-linux-project.sh 会把make-all-linux-project.sh中的行尾的\\r替换为空白