SAS行转列＆＆列转行

Posted 2023-05-12

参考技术A *新建数据集;

data test;

input sno 6. class $8. score 5.;

cards;

199103 chinese 98

199103 english 90

199103 math    88

199104 chinese 91

199104 english 67

199104 math    89

199105 chinese 82

199105 english 77

199105 math    91

;

run;

*排序;

proc sort data=test;by sno;run;

/***列转行***/

*①proc transpose 过程步;

proc transpose data=test out=x1(drop=_name_);

by sno;

id class;

var score;

run;

*②data步（适合数据量大，节省时间）;

data x1;

do i=1 to 3;

set test(keep=sno class score);

array tr[1:3] chinese english math ;

tr(i)=score;

end;

keep sno chinese english math;

run;

*行转列;

proc transpose data=x1 out=x2 name=class ;

by sno;

var chinese english math;

run;

data x2;

set x1;

array tr[1:3] chinese english math;

do i=1 to 3;

score=tr(i);

output;

end;

keep sno score;

run;

*注：因为proc transpose 耗时长,可以用data步实现,慎用;

Sqlserver 列转行 行转列

sqlserver的行转列 列转行问题

行转列：
1 使用Case when 方式

CREATE TABLE [StudentScores]
(
[UserName] NVARCHAR(20), --学生姓名
[Subject] NVARCHAR(30), --科目
[Score] FLOAT, --成绩
)

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Nick‘, ‘语文‘, 80

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Nick‘, ‘数学‘, 90

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Nick‘, ‘英语‘, 70

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Nick‘, ‘生物‘, 85

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Kent‘, ‘语文‘, 80

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Kent‘, ‘数学‘, 90

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Kent‘, ‘英语‘, 70

INSERT INTO [StudentScores] SELECT ‘Kent‘, ‘生物‘, 85

SELECT * FROM [StudentScores]
--如果我想知道每位学生的每科成绩，而且每个学生的全部成绩排成一行，这样方便
我查看、统计，导出数据

SELECT
UserName,
MAX(CASE Subject WHEN ‘语文‘ THEN Score ELSE 0 END) AS ‘语文‘,
MAX(CASE Subject WHEN ‘数学‘ THEN Score ELSE 0 END) AS ‘数学‘,
MAX(CASE Subject WHEN ‘英语‘ THEN Score ELSE 0 END) AS ‘英语‘,
MAX(CASE Subject WHEN ‘生物‘ THEN Score ELSE 0 END) AS ‘生物‘
FROM dbo.[StudentScores]
GROUP BY UserName
2 使用PIVOT 、UNPIVOT运算符

--方式一
DECLARE @cmdText VARCHAR(8000);
DECLARE @tmpSql VARCHAR(8000);

SET @cmdText = ‘SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), CreateTime, 120) AS
CreateTime,‘ + CHAR(10);
SELECT @cmdText = @cmdText + ‘ CASE PayType WHEN ‘‘‘ + PayType + ‘‘‘ THEN
SUM(Money) ELSE 0 END AS ‘‘‘ + PayType
+ ‘‘‘,‘ + CHAR(10) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT PayType FROM
Inpours ) T

SET @cmdText = LEFT(@cmdText, LEN(@cmdText) -2) --注意这里，如果没有加CHAR
(10) 则用LEFT(@cmdText, LEN(@cmdText) -1)

SET @cmdText = @cmdText + ‘ FROM Inpours GROUP BY CreateTime, PayType
‘;

SET @tmpSql =‘SELECT CreateTime,‘ + CHAR(10);
SELECT @tmpSql = @tmpSql + ‘ ISNULL(SUM(‘ + PayType + ‘), 0) AS ‘‘‘ +
PayType + ‘‘‘,‘ + CHAR(10)
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT PayType FROM Inpours ) T

SET @tmpSql = LEFT(@tmpSql, LEN(@tmpSql) -2) + ‘ FROM (‘ + CHAR(10);

SET @cmdText = @tmpSql + @cmdText + ‘) T GROUP BY CreateTime ‘;
PRINT @cmdText
EXECUTE (@cmdText);

--方式二
SELECT
CreateTime,
ISNULL(SUM([支付宝]) , 0) AS [支付宝] ,
ISNULL(SUM([手机短信]) , 0) AS [手机短信] ,
ISNULL(SUM([工商银行卡]), 0) AS [工商银行卡] ,
ISNULL(SUM([建设银行卡]), 0) AS [建设银行卡]
FROM
(
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), CreateTime, 120) AS CreateTime,
CASE PayType WHEN ‘支付宝‘ THEN SUM(Money) ELSE 0 END AS ‘支
付宝‘ ,
CASE PayType WHEN ‘手机短信‘ THEN SUM(Money) ELSE 0 END AS ‘手
机短信‘,
CASE PayType WHEN ‘工商银行卡‘ THEN SUM(Money) ELSE 0 END AS ‘工
商银行卡‘,
CASE PayType WHEN ‘建设银行卡‘ THEN SUM(Money) ELSE 0 END AS ‘建
设银行卡‘
FROM Inpours
GROUP BY CreateTime, PayType
) T
GROUP BY CreateTime

--方式三
SELECT
CreateTime, [支付宝] , [手机短信],
[工商银行卡] , [建设银行卡]
FROM
(
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), CreateTime, 120) AS CreateTime,PayType,
Money
FROM Inpours
) P
PIVOT (
SUM(Money)
FOR PayType IN
([支付宝], [手机短信], [工商银行卡], [建设银行卡])
) AS T
ORDER BY CreateTime

 

--列转行 主要通过 Union all ，max 来实现

CREATE TABLE ProgrectDetail
(
ProgrectName NVARCHAR(20), --工程名称
OverseaSupply INT, --海外供应商供给数量
NativeSupply INT, --国内供应商供给数量
SouthSupply INT, --南方供应商供给数量
NorthSupply INT --北方供应商供给数量
)

INSERT INTO ProgrectDetail
SELECT ‘A‘, 100, 200, 50, 50
UNION ALL
SELECT ‘B‘, 200, 300, 150, 150
UNION ALL
SELECT ‘C‘, 159, 400, 20, 320
UNION ALL
SELECT ‘D‘, 250, 30, 15, 15

-- 使用 Union all 和max
SELECT ProgrectName, ‘OverseaSupply‘ AS Supplier,
MAX(OverseaSupply) AS ‘SupplyNum‘
FROM ProgrectDetail
GROUP BY ProgrectName
UNION ALL
SELECT ProgrectName, ‘NativeSupply‘ AS Supplier,
MAX(NativeSupply) AS ‘SupplyNum‘
FROM ProgrectDetail
GROUP BY ProgrectName
UNION ALL
SELECT ProgrectName, ‘SouthSupply‘ AS Supplier,
MAX(SouthSupply) AS ‘SupplyNum‘
FROM ProgrectDetail
GROUP BY ProgrectName
UNION ALL
SELECT ProgrectName, ‘NorthSupply‘ AS Supplier,
MAX(NorthSupply) AS ‘SupplyNum‘
FROM ProgrectDetail
GROUP BY ProgrectName

--用UNPIVOT方式
SELECT ProgrectName,Supplier,SupplyNum
FROM
(
SELECT ProgrectName, OverseaSupply, NativeSupply,
SouthSupply, NorthSupply
FROM ProgrectDetail
)T
UNPIVOT
(
SupplyNum FOR Supplier IN
(OverseaSupply, NativeSupply, SouthSupply, NorthSupply )
) P