升级与卸载Linux内核

Posted 2020-08-08

升级linux内核

    

    当linux服务器的内核比较旧，就需要对内核进行升级了。

[[email protected] ~]# uname -r     #查看当前Linux内核版本

2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64   

 

[[email protected] ~]# ll /boot/vmlinuz-*

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4220560 Jul 23  2015 /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

 

[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[[email protected] ~]# mount

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

/dev/sr0 on /mnt type iso9660 (ro)

 

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vi base.repo

[base]

name=centos6

baseurl=file:///mnt

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

 

[[email protected] boot]# yum localinstall /mnt/Packages/kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64.rpm

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Setting up Local Package Process

Examining /mnt/Packages/kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64.rpm: kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

Marking /mnt/Packages/kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64.rpm as an update to kernel-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-642.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-firmware >= 2.6.32-642.el6 for package: kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-573.el6 will be updated

---> Package kernel-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-642.el6 will be an update

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

 

Dependencies Resolved

 

============================================================================

 Package      Arch         Version           Repository               Size

============================================================================

Installing:

 kernel     x86_64    2.6.32-642.el6   /kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64   131 M

Updating for dependencies:

kernel-firmware  noarch   2.6.32-642.el6       base                    28 M

 

Transaction Summary

============================================================================

Install       1 Package(s)

Upgrade       1 Package(s)

 

Total size: 159 M

Total download size: 28 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Updating   : kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.el6.noarch                 1/3

  Installing : kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64                          2/3

  Cleanup    : kernel-firmware-2.6.32-573.el6.noarch                 3/3

  Verifying  : kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.el6.noarch                 1/3

  Verifying  : kernel-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64                          2/3

  Verifying  : kernel-firmware-2.6.32-573.el6.noarch                 3/3

 

Installed:

  kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-642.el6                                                                           

 

Dependency Updated:

  kernel-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-642.el6                                                                  

 

Complete!

 

[[email protected] boot]# ll vmlinuz-*

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4220560 Jul 23  2015 vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4264528 May 10 13:32 vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

重启系统之后，就可以看到启动菜单多了一项。

 

 

 

 

当我们对linux内核进行升级之后，就可以卸载以前的内核版本，从而提升服务器；如果升级之后发现高版本不太稳定，也可以卸载之前升级的版本，而在安装比较稳定的linux内核版本。

卸载linux内核

[[email protected] ~]# yum remove kernel-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Setting up Remove Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-573.el6 will be erased

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

 

Dependencies Resolved

 

============================================================================

 Package     Arch          Version               Repository              Size

============================================================================

Removing:

 kernel   x86_64  2.6.32-573.el6   @anaconda-CentOS-201508042137.x86_64/6.7     126 M

 

Transaction Summary

============================================================================

Remove        1 Package(s)

 

Installed size: 126 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Erasing    : kernel-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64            1/1

  Verifying  : kernel-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64            1/1

 

Removed:

  kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-573.el6                                                                           

 

Complete!

 

[[email protected] ~]# ll /boot/vmlinuz-*

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4264528 May 10 13:32 /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

 

 

本文出自 “Linux路上” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://dreamlinuxc.blog.51cto.com/5733156/1851868