Linux纾佺洏鎸傝浇

Posted 2020-11-19

鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.mamicode.com/so/1/%e6%8c%82%e8%bd%bd%e7%82%b9' title='鎸傝浇鐐?>鎸傝浇鐐?/a>   榛樿   The   鍏夌洏   only   max   浣滅敤   exe   

        mount鍛戒护 鐢ㄤ簬鍔犺浇鏂囦欢绯荤粺鍒版寚瀹氱殑鍔犺浇鐐广€傛鍛戒护鐨勬渶甯哥敤浜庢寕杞絚drom锛屼娇鎴戜滑鍙互璁块棶cdrom涓殑鏁版嵁锛屽洜涓轰綘灏嗗厜鐩樻彃鍏drom涓紝Linux骞朵笉浼氳嚜鍔ㄦ寕杞斤紝蹇呴』浣跨敤Linux mount鍛戒护鏉ユ墜鍔ㄥ畬鎴愭寕杞姐€?/span>

纾佺洏鏍煎紡鍖栧畬鎴愬悗闇€瑕佹寕杞藉悗鎵嶈兘杩涜鍘讳娇鐢ㄣ€傚湪鎸傝浇鏌愪釜鍒嗗尯鍓嶉渶瑕佸厛寤虹珛涓€涓寕杞界偣锛岃繖涓寕杞界偣鏄互鐩綍鐨勫舰寮忓嚭鐜扮殑銆備竴鏃︽妸鏌愪竴涓垎鍖烘寕杞藉埌浜嗚繖涓寕杞界偣锛堢洰褰曪級涓嬶紝閭ｄ箞鍐嶅線杩欎釜鐩綍鍐欐暟鎹椂锛屽垯閮戒細鍐欏埌璇ュ垎鍖轰腑銆?/div>

娉ㄦ剰锛氬湪纾佺洏鎸傝浇鍒嗗尯鍓嶏紝鎸傝浇鐐逛笅蹇呴』鏄┖鐩綍锛屽洜涓虹鐩樻寕杞藉悗璇ョ洰褰曚笅涔嬪墠鐨勪笢瑗垮氨鐪嬩笉鍒颁簡锛屽彧鏈夊嵏杞藉垎鍖哄悗鎵嶈兘鐪嬪埌銆?/span>

璇存槑锛氬鏋滀竴鍙版湇鍔″櫒涓婃湁澶氬潡纾佺洏锛岃繘琛屾寕杞芥椂浼樺厛閫夌敤UUID锛岄伩鍏嶅彂鐢熺‖浠剁淮淇洿鎹㈢鐩樹綅缃悗纾佺洏鍒嗗尯鍚嶅彂鐢熷彉鍖栬€屽奖鍝嶇郴缁熷惎鍔ㄣ€?/span>

閫夐」锛?/span>

-V锛氭樉绀虹▼搴忕増鏈紱

-l锛氭樉绀哄凡鍔犺浇鐨勬枃浠剁郴缁熷垪琛紱

-h锛氭樉绀哄府鍔╀俊鎭苟閫€鍑猴紱

-v锛氬啑闀挎ā寮忥紝杈撳嚭鎸囦护鎵ц鐨勮缁嗕俊鎭紱

-n锛氬姞杞芥病鏈夊啓鍏ユ枃浠垛€?etc/mtab鈥濅腑鐨勬枃浠剁郴缁燂紱

-r锛氬皢鏂囦欢绯荤粺鍔犺浇涓哄彧璇绘ā寮忥紱

-a锛氬姞杞芥枃浠垛€?etc/fstab鈥濅腑鎻忚堪鐨勬墍鏈夋枃浠剁郴缁熴€?/div>

 

涓嶅垎鍖烘牸寮忓寲鏁村潡纾佺洏

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb     #鍒犻櫎鎵€鏈夊垎鍖?/span>

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

 

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

 

Command (m for help): p    #鍒楀嚭鍒嗗尯

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x189fc246

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1            2048     4196351     2097152   83  Linux

 

Command (m for help): d    #鍒犻櫎鍒嗗尯

Selected partition 1

Partition 1 is deleted

Command (m for help): w   #淇濆瓨閫€鍑?/div>

The partition table has been altered!

 

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb  #鏌ョ湅纾佺洏鐨勬儏鍐碉紝姝ゆ椂鍙戠幇宸茬粡娌℃湁浠讳綍鍒嗗尯

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x189fc246

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

 

[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb  #鏍煎紡鍖栦负xfs鏂囦欢绯荤粺锛涚敱浜庝箣鍓嶅凡缁忔牸寮忓寲杩囦竴娆★紝鐜板湪鏍煎紡鍖栭渶瑕佸姞-f閫夐」寮哄埗鏍煎紡鍖?/span>

meta-data=/dev/sdb               isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=655360 blks

         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1

         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0

data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2621440, imaxpct=25

         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks

naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2

         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

[[email protected] ~]# blkid /dev/sdb #浣跨敤blkid鍛戒护鏌ョ湅纾佺洏鐨勬枃浠剁郴缁?/span>

/dev/sdb: UUID="2e36a530-168e-47cf-8e0d-659aaa606840" TYPE="xfs"

[[email protected] ~]# df -h   #鏌ョ湅鍒嗗尯鎯呭喌

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2        44G  1.6G   43G   4% /

devtmpfs        1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev

tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs           1.9G  8.5M  1.9G   1% /run

tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda5      1014M   33M  982M   4% /home

/dev/sda1      1014M  135M  880M  14% /boot

tmpfs           378M     0  378M   0% /run/user/0

[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sdb /mnt/    #鐢ㄦ硶mount [閫夐」]<鐩樼><鎸傝浇鐐?gt;

[[email protected] ~]# df -h   #鍙互鐪嬪埌鏈€鍚庝竴鍒楀凡缁忔垚鍔熸寕杞斤紝/mnt鎸傝浇鐐瑰ソ姣旀槸纾佺洏鐨勫叆鍙ｏ紝娌℃湁鎸傝浇鐐瑰氨鏃犳硶鍦ㄧ鐩橀噷鍐欐暟鎹€?/span>

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2        44G  1.6G   43G   4% /

devtmpfs        1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev

tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs           1.9G  8.5M  1.9G   1% /run

tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda5      1014M   33M  982M   4% /home

/dev/sda1      1014M  135M  880M  14% /boot

tmpfs           378M     0  378M   0% /run/user/0

/dev/sdb         10G   33M   10G   1% /mnt

濡備綍鍗歌浇鍛紵

[[email protected] mnt]# umount /dev/sdb    #瀹冧細鎻愮ず鍗歌浇涓嶄簡锛岀洰鏍囨蹇欍€傚師鍥犳槸鎴戜滑姝ｅ湪瀹冪鐩橀噷闈€?/span>

umount: /mnt: target is busy.

        (In some cases useful info about processes that use

         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

姝ゆ椂鏈変袱涓В鍐虫柟娉?/div>

1銆侀€€鍑烘寕杞界偣

[[email protected] ~]# umount /dev/sdb

2銆佸姞涓?l閫夐」

[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sdb  /mnt/

[[email protected] ~]# cd /mnt/

[[email protected] mnt]# umount -l /dev/sdb

[[email protected] ~]# man mount  #鏌ュ府鍔╋紝甯哥敤閫夐」鐨勬剰涔夈€?/span>

    async/sync锛氱鐩樺拰鍐呭瓨鏄惁鍚屾锛岄粯璁sync涓嶅悓姝ワ紱

    auto/noauto锛氬紑鏈鸿嚜鍔ㄦ寕杞?涓嶈嚜鍔ㄦ寕杞斤紱

    default锛氭寜鐫€澶у鏁版案涔呮枃浠剁郴缁熺殑缂虹渷鍊艰缃寕杞藉畾涔夛紝鍖呭惈rw锛宻uid锛宒ev锛宔xec锛宎uto锛宯ouser锛宎sync绛?nbsp;  

    ro锛氭寜鍙鏉冮檺鎸傝浇

    rw锛氭寜璇诲啓鏉冮檺鎸傝浇

    exec/noexec锛氬厑璁?涓嶅厑璁稿彲鎵ц鏂囦欢鎵ц锛屽崈涓囦笉瑕佹妸鏍瑰垎鍖烘寕杞戒负noexec銆?/div>

    user/nouser锛氬厑璁?涓嶅厑璁竢oot澶栧叾浠栫敤鎴锋寕杞藉垎鍖猴紝涓轰簡瀹夊叏鑰冭檻锛屼娇鐢╪ouser

    suid/nosuid锛氬厑璁?涓嶅厑璁稿垎鍖烘湁suid灞炴€э紝涓€鑸缃畁osuid

    usrquota锛氬惎鍔ㄤ娇鐢ㄨ€呯鐩橀厤棰濇ā寮忥紝鍙拡瀵圭敤鎴烽檺瀹氫粬浠殑浣跨敤棰濆害

    grquota锛氬惎鍔ㄧ兢缁勭鐩橀厤棰濇ā寮?/div>

閲嶆柊鎸傝浇纾佺洏

[[email protected] ~]# mount -o remount,rw /dev/sdb /mnt/

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/fstab #濡傛灉鎯宠寮€鏈鸿嚜鍔ㄦ寕杞斤紝灏遍渶瑕佸湪/etc/fstab閰嶇疆鏂囦欢涓婂啓

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Tue May 15 23:23:48 2018

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under 鈥?dev/disk鈥?/div>

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

UUID=0a548611-1d43-47bd-af8b-73c62b4efc9b /                       xfs     defaults        0 0

UUID=a20b1f54-71d4-455b-a1e3-5d5e04310479 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0

UUID=50bcd687-ca95-491c-b987-346bb77a4364 /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0

UUID=51efdc5d-8c12-4299-a7e9-d963e8d5361a swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdb        /mnt    xfs     defaults        0 0

#dev/sdb锛氱洰褰曞拰UUID涓€鏍风殑浣滅敤

#/mnt锛氭寕杞界偣

#xfs锛氭枃浠剁郴缁熺被鍨?/strong>

#defaults锛氶粯璁ら€夐」

#绗竴涓?锛氭槸鍚﹀浠姐€?浠ｈ〃涓嶅浠斤紱

#绗簩涓?锛氬紑鏈轰笉闇€瑕佹娴嬬鐩樹负0锛岄渶瑕佹娴嬬鐩橈紝鏍瑰垎鍖轰负1锛屽叾瀹冧负2

[[email protected] ~]# blkid  #/dev/sdb鍜孶UID鎸傝浇鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸涓€鏍风殑銆備竴鏍峰彲浠ュ啓鍏?etc/fstab閰嶇疆鏂囦欢鐨勭涓€鍒楀幓銆?/span>

/dev/sdb: UUID="2e36a530-168e-47cf-8e0d-659aaa606840" TYPE="xfs"

/dev/sda1: UUID="a20b1f54-71d4-455b-a1e3-5d5e04310479" TYPE="xfs"

/dev/sda2: UUID="0a548611-1d43-47bd-af8b-73c62b4efc9b" TYPE="xfs"

/dev/sda3: UUID="51efdc5d-8c12-4299-a7e9-d963e8d5361a" TYPE="swap"

/dev/sda5: UUID="50bcd687-ca95-491c-b987-346bb77a4364" TYPE="xfs"

/dev/sr0: UUID="2017-09-06-10-51-00-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos"

[[email protected] ~]# mount UUID="2e36a530-168e-47cf-8e0d-659aaa606840"  /mnt/

[[email protected] ~]# df -hT

Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2      xfs        44G  1.6G   43G   4% /

devtmpfs       devtmpfs  1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev

tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G  8.5M  1.9G   1% /run

tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda5      xfs      1014M   33M  982M   4% /home

/dev/sda1      xfs      1014M  135M  880M  14% /boot

tmpfs          tmpfs     378M     0  378M   0% /run/user/0

/dev/sdb       xfs        10G   33M   10G   1% /mnt